SECTION BASIC CONCRETE MATERIALS AND METHODS

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The National Mascot Hall of Fame Building for the City of Whiting

BASIC CONCRETE MATERIALS AND METHODS 03050 - 1

SECTION 03050

BASIC CONCRETE MATERIALS AND METHODS

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Formwork.

2. Reinforcement.

3. Accessories.

4. Cast-in place concrete.

5. Finishing and curing.

1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Design, engineer and construct formwork, shoring and bracing in accordance with ACI 301 requirements to achieve concrete shape, line and dimension as indicated on Drawings.

B. Vapor Retarder Permeance: Maximum 1 perm when tested in accordance with ASTM E96, Procedure A.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Shop Drawings:

1. Indicate pertinent dimensioning

2. Indicate reinforcement sizes, spacings, locations, and quantities, bending and cutting schedules, supporting and spacing devices

B. Product Data: Indicate admixtures and anchors, submit manufacturer’s literature.

C. Design Data: Submit mix designs.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Construct and erect concrete formwork in accordance with ACI 301, ACI 318 and ACI 347.

B. Perform concrete reinforcing work in accordance with ACI 301, ACI 315, ACI 318 and CRSI Manual of Practice.

C. Perform cast-in-place concrete work in accordance with ACI 301, ACI 318, ACI 305, and ACI 306.1.

D. Recommended practice for field evaluation of Compressive Test Results of Field Concrete ACI-214.

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PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 FORM MATERIALS AND ACCESSORIES

A. Plywood: Douglas Fir species; sound undamaged sheets with clean true edges. Use on unfinished surfaces.

B. Lumber: common species; #2 grade. Tongue and Groove, min ¾” thickness. Use on surfaces to be backfilled.

C. Prefabricated Steel Type: Matched, tight fitting, stiffened to support weight of concrete with minimum deflection.

D. Pan Type: Steel of size and profile required.

E. Tubular Column Type: Round, spirally wound laminated materials, inside surface treated with release agent, of size required.

F. Form Ties: Removable or Snap-off metal. Ties shall not be closer than 1” from the surface of the concrete or leave a hole greater than 1”in diameter.

G. Water stops: Rubber or Polyvinyl chloride, maximum possible lengths, profiled as required for Project conditions.

H. Form Release Agent: Colorless mineral oil not capable of staining concrete or impairing natural bonding characteristics of coating intended for use on concrete.

I. Formed Construction Joints for Slab-on-Grade: Galvanized steel tongue and groove type profile, knockout holes to receive doweling.

J. Slab Edge Joint Filler: ASTM D1751, Premolded asphaltic board, ½ thick.

K. Vapor Retarder: ASTM E1745 6 mil thick clear polyethylene film; type recommended for below grade application. Furnish joint tape recommended by manufacturer.

2.2 REINFORCEMENT MATERIALS

A. Deformed Reinforcement: ASTM A615/A615M; 60 ksi yield strength, steel bars, uncoated finish.

B. Welded Plain Wire Fabric: ASTM A185; in coiled rolls; uncoated finish

C. Chairs, Bolsters, Bar Supports, Spacers: Sized and shaped for support of reinforcing;

plastic tipped or non-corroding for supports in slabs forming finished ceilings or where supports are exposed to weather.

D. Fabricate concrete reinforcement in accordance with CRSI Manual of Practice, ACI 301, and ACI 318.

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E. Weld reinforcement in accordance with AWS D1.4.

F. Galvanized Finish for Steel Bars: ASTM A767/A767M, Class I, hot dip galvanized after fabrication.

G. Epoxy Coating Patching Material: Type as recommended by coating manufacturer.

2.3 CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Cement: ASTM C150, Normal-Type I Portland type and high early strength Portland Cement Type III, if approved by architect. Use the same brand of Portland Cement throughout the entire job.

B. Fine and Coarse Aggregates: ASTM C33 C. Fly Ash: ASTM C350

D. Water: Clean and not detrimental to concrete.

E. Air Entrainment Admixture: ASTM C260. Use Type 1A for normal air entraining; use type IIA for high early strength.

F. Bonding Agent: Film-forming, freeze-thaw resistant compound suitable for brush or spray application. Epoxy type, 100 per cent solids “Euco Epoxy #452 (dry surface), #460 damp surface, The Euclid Chemical Company; Sikadur Hi-Mod Mortar (dry or damp surface), Sika Chemical Company or approved equal.

G. Non-shrink Grout: Premixed compound consisting of non-metallic aggregate, cement, water reducing and plasticizing agents.

2.4 COMPOUNDS, HARDENERS AND SEALERS

A. Hardener / Sealer: Apply Ashford Formula cure-seal hardener—clear or color as selected, in not less than 3 coats in strict accordance with manufacturer's specifications.

Furnish manufacturer's standard bonded guarantee that the floors will be hard and dustproof.

B. Anti-spalling Compound: "Euco Linseed Oil Compound" (Euclid Chemical Co.). Treat curbs and walks with 2 coats of anti-spalling compound.

2.5 CONCRETE MIX

A. General: All concrete shall be six (6) bag cement mix with a minimum compressive strength of 4000 psi in 28 days and all interior slabs shall be five (5) bag cement mix with minimum compressive strength of 3500 psi in 28 days except all exterior concrete poured after October 1^st and before April 1^st shall be 7 bag cement mix with a minimum compressive strength of 5000 psi in 28 days. All concrete shall be reinforced with welded wire mesh.

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B. Slump Proportion and design mixes to result in concrete slump at point of placement of not less than one inch and not more than four inches.

C. Slump limits: When using high-range water reducers, slump prior to addition of

admixture shall not exceed three inches. Slump after adding admixture shall not exceed eight inches at point of placement.

D. Adjustments of Mixes: The Engineer/ Architect or testing laboratory shall have the right to reject any concrete which arrives at job site in excess of specified slump. No water shall be added to design mix unless approved by the architect. Slump shall be determined in accordance with ASTM 143.

E. High-early-strength concrete: may be used for any portion of the work but only with prior written approval. The 7-day compressive strength of this type of concrete shall be at least equal to the minimum 20-day compressive strength of standard concrete made with normal Portland cement as specified herein. All provisions of these specifications except for curing shall be applicable to such concrete.

F. Add air entraining agent to concrete mix for concrete work exposed to exterior. Total air content shall be 6 percent plus or minus 1 percent.

2.6 RELATED MATERIALS

B. Membrane-Forming Curing Compound:

1. Comply with ASTM C309, Type I.

C. Epoxy Bonding Agent:

1. Two-component epoxy resin bonding agent.

2. Products and Manufacturers: Provide one of the following:

a. Sikadur 32, Hi-Mod LPL, by Sika Corporation.

b. Eucopoxy LPL, by the Euclid Chemical Company.

c. Or equal.

D. Epoxy-Cement Bonding Agent:

1. Three-component blended epoxy resin-cement bonding agent.

a. Sika Armatec 110 EpoCem, by Sika Corporation.

b. Duralprep A.C., by Euclid Chemical Company.

c. Or equal.

E. Preformed Expansion Joint Filler:

1. Provide preformed expansion joint filler complying with ASTM D1752, Type I (sponge rubber) or Type II (cork).

F. Joint Sealant and Accessories Used on Isolation Joints, Control Joints, and Expansion Joints:

1. Before purchasing each sealant, investigate its compatibility with joint surfaces, joint fillers, and other materials in joint system. Provide products that are fully

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compatible with actual installation condition, verified by manufacturer’s published data or certification, and as shown on approved Shop Drawings and other approved submittals.

2. Do not install joint sealants when temperatures are below or above manufacturer’s recommended limitations for installation.

3. Provide elastomeric joint sealants for interior and exterior joint applications that establish and maintain watertight and airtight continuous joint seals without staining or deteriorating joint substrates.

4. Exterior and Interior Horizontal and Vertical Joints; Submerged and Intermittently Submerged in Wastewater:

a. Provide one of the following two-component Polyurethane Sealant:

1) Sikaflex- 2c NS by Sika Corporation.

2) Vulkem 227 by Tremco Sealant/Waterproofing Division of RPM International, Inc.

3) Or equal.

5. Exterior and Interior Vertical Joints; Non-submerged:

1) Sikaflex- 2c NS by Sika Corporation.

2) Dymeric 240 FC by Tremco Sealant/Waterproofing Division of RPM International, Inc.

3) Or equal.

6. Exterior and Interior Horizontal Joints; Non-submerged:

1) Sikaflex- 2c SL by Sika Corporation.

2) THC/900 by Tremco Sealant/Waterproofing Division of RPM International, Inc.

3) Or equal.

2.7 GROUT

B. Non-shrink Grout:

1. Pre-packaged, non-metallic, cementitious grout requiring only the addition of water at the Site.

2. Minimum 28-day Compressive Strength: 7,000 psi.

a. NS Grout by Euclid Chemical Company.

b. Set Grout by Master Builders, Inc.

c. NBEC Grout by Five Star Products, Inc.

d. Or equal.

C. Epoxy Grout:

1. Pre-packaged, non-shrink, non-metallic, 100 percent solids, solvent-free, moisture-insensitive, three-component epoxy grouting system.

2. Minimum Seven-day Compressive Strength: 14,000 psi, when tested in accordance with ASTM C579.

a. Euco High Strength Grout, by Euclid Chemical Company.

b. Sikadur 42, Grout Pak, by Sika Corporation.

c. Five Star Epoxy Grout, by Five Star Products, Inc.

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d. Or equal.

D. Grout Fill:

1. Grout mix shall consist of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, water, and admixtures complying with requirements specified in this Section for similar materials in concrete.

2. Proportion and mix grout fill as follows:

a. Minimum Cement Content: 564 pounds per cubic yard.

b. Maximum Water-Cement Ratio: 0.45.

c. Maximum Coarse Aggregate size: 1/2-inch, unless otherwise indicated.

d. Minimum 28-day Compressive Strength: 4,000 psi.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 FORMWORK ERECTION

A. Erect formwork, shoring and bracing to achieve design requirements.

B. Camber slabs and framing to achieve ACI 301 tolerances.

C. Provide bracing to ensure stability of formwork.

D. Apply form release agent to formwork prior to placing form accessories and reinforcement.

E. Do not apply form release agent where concrete surfaces will receive special finishes affected by agent.

F. Clean forms as erection proceeds, to remove foreign matter.

3.2 INSERTS, EMBEDDED COMPONENTS, AND OPENINGS

A. Provide formed openings where required for work to be embedded in and passing through concrete members.

B. Coordinate work of other sections in forming and setting openings, slots, recesses, chases, sleeves, bolts, anchors, and other inserts.

C. Install concrete accessories straight, level, and plumb.

D. Install water stops continuous without displacing reinforcement. [Heat seal joints watertight.]

E. Place formed construction joint device in floor slab checkerboard pattern pouring sequence.

F. Place joint filler at perimeter of floor slab, penetrations, and isolation joints.

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G. Install void forms. Protect forms from moisture before concrete placement and from crushing during concreting.

3.3 REINFORCEMENT PLACEMENT

A. Place reinforcement, supported and secured against displacement.

B. Ensure reinforcing is clean, free of loose scale, dirt, or other foreign coatings.

C. Weld reinforcement in accordance with AWS D1.4.

1. Do not weld crossing reinforcement bars for assembly except as permitted by Architect/Engineer.

D. Space reinforcement bars with minimum clear spacing of one bar diameter, but not less than 1 inch.

1. Where bars are indicated in multiple layers, place upper bars directly above lower bars.

E. Maintain concrete cover around reinforcement in accordance with ACI 301, ACI 318, and applicable codes.

3.4 PLACING CONCRETE

A. Notify Architect/ Engineer 24 hours prior to each concrete pour to allow for visual inspection of formwork and reinforcing.

B. Prepare previously placed concrete by cleaning with steel brush and applying bonding agent.

C. Install vapor retarder under interior slabs on grade in accordance with ASTM E1643. Lap joints minimum 6 inches and seal watertight.

D. Repair damaged vapor retarder with vapor retarder material, lap over damaged areas minimum 6 inches and seal watertight.

E. Place concrete immediately after mixing and in no case more than 45 minutes after water has been added. Deposit in uniform, horizontal layers not more than 24” deep, work around all reinforcing and in corners of the forms. Agitate by means of internal and external vibrations to obtain the densest concrete possible.

F. Separate slabs-on-grade from vertical surfaces with ½” thick joint filler, extended from bottom of slab to within ¼ inch of finished slab surface.

G. Place concrete continuously between predetermined expansion, control and construction joints. [Do not break or interrupt successive pours creating cold joints.]

H. Hot Weather Placing: Place floor slabs in checkerboard pattern indicated. When hot weather conditions exist that would impair the quality and strength of concrete, place concrete in compliance with ACI 305 and the Contract Documents.

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I. Cold Weather Placing: Protect concrete Work from physical damage or reduced strength that could be caused by frost, freezing, or low temperatures, in compliance with ACI 306 and the Contract Documents.

J. Where new concrete is doweled to existing work, drill holes in existing concrete, insert steel dowels and pack with non-shrink grout.

K. Screed floors, slabs-on-grade and concrete base for toppings level.

3.5 FORM REMOVAL

A. Do not remove forms or bracing until concrete has gained sufficient strength to carry its own weight and imposed loads.

B. Remove formwork progressively and in accordance with code requirements.

3.6 JOINTS

A. Construction Joints

1. Locate and install construction joints, that are not shown on Drawings, so as not to impair strength and appearance of structure, as acceptable to

Architect/Engineer.

2. Place construction joints at end of pours and at locations where placement

operations are stopped for a period of more than ½ hour, except where such pours terminate at expansion joints.

3. Construction joints as shown, or if not shown, use standard metal keyway section form or form with keyway.

4. Provide keyways at least 1-1/2 inch deep in construction joints in walls slabs, and between walls and footings; accepted bulkheads designed for this purpose may be used for slabs.

5. Place construction joints perpendicular to main reinforcement. Continue reinforcement across construction joints.

6. Locate construction joints in interior slabs-on-grade (ground supported), so as to divide the slab into areas not in excess of 4000 sq. ft. (maximum distance of 100 feet in one direction), unless otherwise accepted by the A/E. Conform to slab placement diagrams or pattern layout for placement, where shown on slab plans or submit alternative pour plan showing all proposed joints.

B. Expansion Joints

1. Provide pre-molded expansion joint filler for expansion joints abutting concrete curbs (except in integral walk and curb), catch basins, manholes, inlets,

structures, and other fixed objects, unless otherwise noted.

a. Pre-molded joint filler for expansion joints in exterior concrete shall be provided with a removable cap strip. Top of cap strip shall be set flush with top of finished concrete.

2. Set and secure continuous expansion joint strips where edge of slab abuts vertical surfaces.

3. Locate expansion joints at 30 feet o.c. for walks and curbs, unless otherwise shown.

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4. Extend joint fillers full-width and depth of joint, flush with finished surface.

Furnish joint fillers in one-piece lengths for full width being placed, wherever possible. Where more than one length is required, lace or clip joint filler sections together. Form top edge of filler to conform to top profile of concrete.

C. Insulation Joints in Slabs-on-Grade: After removing formwork, install joint-filler strips at slab junctions with vertical surfaces, such as column pedestals, foundation walls, grade beams, and other locations, as indicated.

1. Extend joint-filler strips full width and depth of joint, terminating flush with finished concrete surface, unless otherwise indicated.

2. Install joint-filler strips in lengths as long as practical. Where more than one length is required, lace or clip sections together.

D. Control Joints (Contraction) in Slabs on Grade (Ground Supported): Provide control joints to weaken plane in slabs on grade to form sections or patterns as indicated on Drawings. Construct control joints to a depth equal to 1/5 to 1/4 of slab depth, unless otherwise indicated.

1. Form control joints by inserting pre-molded hardboard or fiberboard strip or control joint forms into fresh concrete until top surface of strip is flush with slab surface. After concrete has cured for a least 7 days, remove inserts and clean groove of loose debris.

a. At Contractor’s option, control joints may be produced by saw cuts 3/4 to 1 inch deep, using powered cutters as soon as concrete has cured sufficiently to support machine weight without causing surface blemishes, but not later than 12 hours after concrete is placed.

2. Control joints shall be filled with self-leveling traffic grade sealant as specified in Section 07900 – Sealants and Caulking for the following locations, unless

otherwise noted:

a. Exposed and concealed concrete slabs on grade with no additional floor finish or sealed concrete finish only.

1) Sealant color shall match sealed concrete color.

b. Concrete slabs on grade to receive wood floor system or Contractor may omit joints in slabs under wood flooring.

3. Locate control joints in slabs-on-ground, as indicated, if not shown, then so as to divide slab into sections with a maximum distance of 15 feet between control joints both directions.

E. Control Joints in Retaining Walls: Locate control joints in retaining walls at least 30 feet o.c. maximum. Chamfer exposed edges 3/4 inches at control joints.

F. Control joints in exterior concrete walks, ramps and stoops, unless otherwise noted.

1. Contraction Joints: Form weakened plane construction joints, sectioning

concrete into areas as indicated. Construct contraction joints for a depth equal to at least 1/4 of concrete thickness as follows:

a. Grooved Joints: Form contraction joints after initial floating by grooving and finishing each edge of joint with groover tool to following radius.

Repeat grooving of contraction joints after applying surface finishes to provide a “tooled and traced” or window pane appearance, unless otherwise noted.

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1) Radius: 3/8 inch.

2. Edging: Tool edges of pavement and joints in concrete after initial floating with an edging tool to following radius. Repeat tooling of edges after applying surface finishes to provide a “tooled and traced” or window pane appearance, unless otherwise noted.

a. Radius: 3/8 inch.

3.7 FLOOR FINISHING

A. Finish concrete floor surfaces in accordance with ACI 301 and ACI 302.1.

B. Uniformly spread, screed, and float concrete.

C. Wood float surfaces receiving quarry tile or ceramic tile with full bed setting system.

D. Steel trowel surfaces receiving carpeting, resilient flooring, seamless flooring, thin set quarry tile, thin set ceramic tile or remaining exposed to view in finished construction.

E. Maintain surface flatness, with maximum variation of 1/8 inch 10 ft.

F. In areas with floor drains, maintain floor level at walls and slope surfaces uniformly to drains.

3.8 CURING

A. Apply sealer on floor surfaces. Place absorptive matting, moisten, and keep damp.

B. Immediately after placement, protect concrete from premature drying.

C. Maintain concrete with minimal moisture loss at relatively constant temperature for period necessary for hydration of cement and hardening of concrete for not less than 7 days.

D. Curing methods and materials shall be compatible with scheduled finishes.

3.9 FORMED SURFACES

A. Provide concrete surfaces to be left exposed (concrete walls, columns, beams, joists) with smooth rubbed finish.

3.10 ERECTION TOLERANCES

A. Install reinforcement within tolerances required by ACI 301, ACI 318 and applicable codes.

3.11 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. To facilitate testing, the Contractor shall:

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1. Furnish necessary labor to assist testing agency in obtaining and handling samples at job site.

2. Advise the testing agency in advance of operations to allow for the assignment of testing personnel and testing.

B. ASTM Standards, (latest editions), shall apply to testing and analysis of concrete.

C. Testing laboratory shall make the following inspections and test:

1. Test materials for compliance, or review available test reports.

2. Verify Contractor's mix designs in accordance with ACI 318.

3. Perform tests on placed concrete in accordance with ACI 301 and following:

a. Perform compression strength test for each 100 cu. yds. of concrete, or fraction thereof on specimens taken at point of a discharge from the truck immediately before placing. Make a minimum of one strength test for concrete placed in one day. A set of specimens for a test shall consist of three standard 6 x 12 cylinders. Test one cylinder at 7 days and two cylinders at 28 days. The set of cylinders shall be picked up 24 hours after casting and shall be delivered to testing laboratory for further curing and for testing.

b. Three additional concrete cylinders shall be made during a placement which requires temporary heating. These cylinders shall be left in the enclosure in same environment as concrete placed. One cylinder shall be tested at 3 days, one at 7 days and the third at 28 days to verify adequacy of temporary heating system.

c. Perform slump tests in accordance with ASTM C143. Furnish slump cone at the site. Perform a minimum of one slump test for each strength test.

d. Test of air content for normal weight concrete in accordance with ASTM C 173, or ASTM C 231. Furnish and maintain equipment for testing air content at the site. Perform a minimum of one air content test for each strength test.

3.12 DEFECTIVE CONCRETE

A. If foregoing tests indicate concrete strength below that required, or visual defects indicate concrete of poor quality has been placed, additional tests shall be made and concrete repaired as directed by the Architect at the expense of the Contractor. Modify or replace concrete not conforming to required lines, details and elevations, as directed by Architect/Engineer.

END OF SECTION

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SECTION 03350 POLISHED CONCRETE

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes: Products and procedures for diamond polishing concrete floors using multi-step wet/dry mechanical process, and accessories indicated, specified, or required to complete polishing.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Terminology: As defined by CPAA.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Manufacturer’s technical literature for each product indicated, specified, or required. Include manufacturer's technical data, application instructions, and recommendations.

B. Installer Qualifications: Data for company, principal personnel, experience, and training specified in PART 1 “Quality Assurance” Article.

C. Field Quality Control – Static Coefficient of Friction Test Reports: Reports of testing specified in PART 3 “Field Quality Control” Article.

D. Maintenance Data: For inclusion in maintenance manual required by Division 01.

1. Include manufacturer’s instructions for maintenance of installed work, including methods and frequency recommended for maintaining optimum condition under anticipated use.

2. Include precautions against cleaning products and methods which may be detrimental to finishes and performance.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Polisher Qualifications:

1. Experience: Company experienced in performing specified work similar in design, products, and extent to scope of this Project; with a record of successful in- service performance; and with sufficient production capability, facilities, and personnel to produce specified work.

2. Supervision: Maintain competent supervisor who is at Project during times specified work is in progress, and is currently certified as Craftsman or Master Craftsman by CPAA.

3. Manufacturer Qualification: Approved by manufacturer to apply liquid applied products.

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POLISHED CONCRETE 03350 - 2

B. Walkway Auditor: Certified by NFSI to test polished floors for static coefficient of friction according to ANSI/NFSI B101.1.

C. Static Coefficient of Friction: Achieve not less than 0.5 for level floor surfaces as determined by quality control testing according to ANSI/NFSI B101.1.

D. Field Mock-up for Aesthetic Purposes: Before performing work of this Section, provide as many field mock-ups required to verify selections made under submittals and to demonstrate aesthetic effects of polishing. Approval does not constitute approval of deviations from Contract Documents, unless such deviations are specifically approved by Architect in writing.

1. Grind, hone, and polish 12 ft square floor area for each finish approved under sample submittals; include edges and joints.

2. Use same personnel, including supervisors, which will perform work.

3. Install products and materials according to specified requirements.

4. Work shall be representative of those to be expected for work.

5. Finish various components to show maximum variation that will exist in work.

6. Approval is for following aesthetic qualities:

a. Compliance with approved submittals.

b. Uniformity of exposed aggregate.

c. Uniformity of sheen.

7. Obtain Architect’s approval before starting work on Project.

8. Protect approved field mock-ups from elements with weather resistant covering.

9. Maintain field mock-ups during construction in an undisturbed condition as a standard for judging completed work.

10. Do not demolish, alter, or remove field mock-ups until acceptable to Owner and Architect.

E. Pre-Installation of Concrete Conference: Prior to placing concrete for areas scheduled for polishing, conduct conference at Project to comply with requirements of applicable Divi- sion 01 Sections.

1. Required Attendees:

a. Owner.

b. Architect.

c. Contractor, including supervisor.

d. Concrete producer.

e. Concrete finisher, including supervisor.

f. Concrete polisher, including supervisor.

g. Technical representative of liquid applied product manufacturers.

h. Walkway auditor.

2. Minimum Agenda: Polisher shall demonstrate understanding of work required by reviewing and discussing procedures for, but not limited to, following:

a. Tour mock-up and representative areas of required work, discuss and evaluate for compliance with Contract Documents, including substrate conditions, surface preparations, sequence of procedures, and other pre- paratory work performed by other installers.

b. Review Contract Document requirements.

c. Review approved submittals.

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d. Review procedures, including, but not limited to:

1) Details of each step of grinding, honing, and polishing operations.

2) Application of liquid applied products.

3) Protecting concrete floor surfaces until polishing work begins.

4) Protecting polished concrete floors after polishing work is completed.

3. Reports: Record discussions, including decisions and agreements reached, and furnish copy of record to each party attending.

1.5 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Damage and Stain Prevention: Take precautions to prevent damage and staining of concrete surfaces to be polished.

1. Prohibit vehicle parking over concrete surfaces to be polished.

2. Prohibit pipe cutting operations over concrete surfaces to be polished.

3. Prohibit storage of any items over concrete surfaces to be polished for not less than 28 days after concrete placement.

4. Prohibit ferrous metals storage over concrete surfaces to be polished.

5. Protect from petroleum, oil, hydraulic fluid, or other liquid dripping from equipment working over concrete surfaces to be polished.

6. Protect from acids and acidic detergents contacting concrete surfaces to be polished.

7. Protect from painting activities over concrete surfaces to be polished.

B. Environmental Limitations: Comply with manufacturer's written instructions for substrate temperature, ambient temperature, moisture, ventilation, and other conditions affecting liquid applied product application.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 LIQUID APPLIED PRODUCTS

A. Liquid Densifier: Odorless, non-hazardous, silicate that penetrates concrete to react with free lime and calcium hydroxide to produce permanent chemical reaction that hardens and densifies concrete surface.

B. Polish Guard: Non-film forming, stain resistant, food resistant, chemical stain resistant, impregnating sealant designed to be used on concrete surfaces previously densified.

2.2 ACCESSORIES

A. Patching Compound: Compound composed of 40 percent portland cement, 45 percent limestone, and 15 percent vinyl acetate copolymer, when mixed with dust salvaged from grinding process forms a paste that hardens when surface imperfections are filled.

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B. Grout Material: Clear modified silicate sealant, containing no pore clogging latex, when mixed with dust salvaged from grinding process forms a paste that reacts with calcium hydroxide in concrete that hardens when surface imperfections are filled.

C. Protective Cover: Non-woven, puncture and tear resistant, polypropylene fibers laminated with a multi-ply, textured membrane, not less than 18 mils in thickness.

2.3 POLISHING EQUIPMENT

A. Field Grinding and Polishing Equipment:

1. Variable speed, multiple head, counter-rotating, walk-behind machine with not less than 600 pounds of down pressure on grinding or diamond polishing pads.

2. If dry grinding, honing, or polishing, use dust extraction equipment with flow rate suitable for dust generated, with squeegee attachments.

B. Edge Grinding and Polishing Equipment: Hand-held or walk-behind machines which produces same results, without noticeable differences, as field grinding and polishing equipment.

C. Burnishing Equipment: High speed walk-behind or ride-on machines capable of generat- ing 1000 to 2000 revolutions per minute and with sufficient head pressure of not less than 20 pounds to raise floor temperature by 20 degrees F.

D. Metal Bonded Pads: Grinding pads with embedded industrial grade diamonds of varying grits fabricated for mounting on equipment.

E. Resin Bonded Pads: Polishing pads with embedded industrial grade diamonds of varying grits fabricated for mounting on equipment.

F. Burnishing Pads: Maintenance pads for use with high speed burnishing equipment.

PART 3 EXECUTION 3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Acceptance of Surfaces and Conditions:

1. Examine substrates to be polished for compliance with requirements and other conditions affecting performance.

2. Proceed only when unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected in a manner complying with Contract Documents.

3. Starting work within a particular area will be construed as acceptance of surface conditions.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Cleaning New Concrete Surfaces:

1. Prepare and clean concrete surfaces.

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2. Provide sound concrete surfaces free of laitance, glaze, efflorescence, curing compounds, form-release agents, dust, dirt, grease, oil, paint splatter, and other contaminants incompatible with liquid applied products and polishing.

3.3 POLISHING CONCRETE FLOORS.

A. Sequence of Polishing: Perform polishing before partition studs are erected.

B. Initial Grinding:

1. Use grinding equipment with metal bonded grinding pads.

2. Begin grinding in one direction using sufficient size grit pad.

3. Make sequential passes with each pass perpendicular to previous pass using finer grit pad with each pass, up to 150 grit.

4. Achieve maximum refinement with each pass before proceeding to finer grit pads.

5. Vacuum floor using squeegee vacuum attachment after each pass.

6. Continue grinding until aggregate exposure matches approved field mock-ups.

C. Treating Surface Imperfections:

1. Mix patching compound and grout material with dust created by grinding operations to match color of adjacent concrete surface.

2. Fill surface imperfections including, but not limited to, holes, surface damage, small and micro cracks, air holes, pop-outs, and voids.

3. Work compound and treatment until color differences between concrete surface and filled surface imperfections are not reasonably noticeable when viewed from 10 feet away under lighting conditions that will be present after construction.

D. Liquid Densifier Application: Apply undiluted to point of rejection, remove excess liquid, and allow to cure according to manufacturer’s instructions.

E. Grout Grinding:

1. Use grinding equipment and appropriate grit grinding pads.

2. While applying fresh grout material prior to, grind concrete in direction perpendicular to initial grinding to remove scratches.

3. Vacuum floor using squeegee vacuum attachment after each pass.

F. Honing:

1. Use grinding equipment with resin bonded grinding pads.

2. Grind concrete in one direction starting with 50 grit pad and make as many sequential passes required to remove scratches, each pass perpendicular to previous pass, up to 400 grit pad reaching maximum refinement with each pass before proceeding to finer grit pads.

3. Auto scrub or vacuum floor using squeegee vacuum attachment after each pass.

G. Polishing:

1. Use polishing equipment with resin bonded polishing and burnishing pads.

2. Begin polishing in one direction starting with 800 grit pad.

3. Make sequential passes with each pass perpendicular to previous pass using finer grit pad with each pass, up to 1500 grit.

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4. Achieve maximum refinement with each pass before proceeding to finer grit pads.

5. Auto scrub or vacuum floor using squeegee vacuum attachment after each pass.

6. Continue polishing until gloss appearance, as measured according to ASTM E 430, matches approved field mock-ups.

H. Polish Guard: Uniformly apply and remove excessive liquid according to manufacturer’s instructions.

I. Final Polish: Using burnishing equipment and finest grit burnishing pads, burnish to uniform sheen matching approved mock-up.

J. Final Polished Concrete Floor Finish:

1. Class B– Medium Aggregate.

2. Level 2 – Gloss Appearance:

a. Procedure: Not less than 6 steps with full refinement of each diamond pad up to 1500 grit resin bonded pad with one application of densifier.

b. Gloss Reading: Not less than 60 according to ASTM E 430 before polish guard application.

K. Field Testing: Engage a qualified walkway auditor to perform field testing according to ANSI/NFSI B101.1 to determine if polished concrete floor finish complies with specified static coefficient of friction.

3.4 CLOSEOUT ACTIVITIES

A. Maintenance Training: CPAA Master Craftsman shall train Owner's designated personnel in proper procedures for maintaining polished concrete floor.

3.5 PROTECTION

A. Covering: After completion of polishing, protect polished floors from subsequent construction activities with protective covering.

END OF SECTION

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PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Surface treatments for concrete floors and slabs.

1. Sealed & Burnished Concrete Floor per "CO-2" on Room Finish Drawing and Schedules.

a. Includes burnishing concrete to specified finish after application of Section 03050 hardener / sealer, liquid floor treatment.

B. Protection of concrete before and after application of concrete floor finishes.

C. Reference Drawing Sheets A.10.1 to A.10.4 1.2 RELATED REQUIREMENTS

A. Section 03050 –Basic Concrete Materials and Methods: Finishing of concrete surface to tolerance; floating, troweling, and similar operations; curing.

1.3 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS

A. Coordinate the work with concrete floor placement and concrete floor curing.

1.4 REFERENCES

A. American Society for Testing and Materials:

1. ASTM-C779, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Horizontal Surfaces.

2. ASTM G23-81, Ultraviolet Light and Water Spray.

3. ASTM C805, Impact Strength.

B. American Concrete Institute:

1. ACI 302, IR-89, Guide for Concrete Floor and Slab Construction.

C. Other Tests:

1. Reflectivity.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Manufacturer's published descriptive data and test data on each finishing product, including information on compatibility of different products and limitations.

B. Manufacturer's recommended application and installation instructions.

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SEALED & BURNISHED CONCRETE FLOORS 03351 - 2

C. Maintenance Data: Provide data on maintenance and renewal of applied finishes.

D. Test Data: Provide data confirming Slip Resistance greater than 0.60 at time of substantial completion.

E. Protection: Proposed protection products and methods of protection before and after products are applied.

1. Provide materials list of items proposed to be provided under this Section.

2. Provide manufacturer's specifications, test data and other data required to prove compliance with specified requirements.

3. Provide manufacturer's recommended installation procedures which, when reviewed, will become the basis for accepting or rejecting installation procedures used on the work.

4. Provide applicator certification documentation.

1.6 MOCK-UP

A. For "CO-2”, construct mock-up area under conditions similar to those that will exist during application, with coatings applied.

B. Mock-Up Size: 10 feet (3 m) square.

C. Locate where directed, and obtain approval by the Owner and Architect before proceeding with work.

D. Mock-up may remain as part of the work.

1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Installer Qualifications:

1. Use an experienced installer and adequate number of skilled tradesperson who are trained and experienced in producing the specified concrete finishes.

2. The Concrete Finish "CO-1" product manufacturer shall certify applicator.

B. Slip Resistance Requirement: Greater than 0.60 (As recommended by ADA Title III 1992) C. Protection:

1. Protect concrete before and after application of concrete floor finishes.

D. Warranty of Mark "CO-1" Floor Finish:

1. Upon completion of the work, as a condition of its acceptance, furnish the owner a written 20-year warranty signed by an officer of Curecrete Distribution, Inc., or L&M Coatings.

1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver materials in manufacturer's sealed packaging, including application instructions.

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for application per manufacturer’s specifications.

B. Maintain light level equivalent to a minimum 200 W light source at 8 feet (2.5 m) above the floor surface over each 20 foot (6 m) square area of floor being finished.

C. Do not finish floors until interior heating system is operational.

D. Maintain ambient temperature of 50 degrees F (10 degrees C) minimum.

E. Protection:

1. No satisfactory chemical or cleaning procedure is available to remove stains from exposed concrete floor surfaces. Prevention of stains and soiling is essential during construction as follows for concrete floors areas which will be exposed receiving

"CO-1” treatment.

a. All hydraulic powered equipment shall be diapered to avoid staining of the concrete.

b. No trade shall park vehicles on the inside slab. If vehicles are necessary to complete the work, drop cloths shall be placed under vehicles at all times.

c. No pipe cutting machines shall be used on the inside floor slab.

d. Steel shall not be stored on the interior slab to avoid rust staining.

e. Acids and acidic detergents shall not come into contact with slab.

f. All trades shall be informed that the slab must be protected at all times.

1) Product: Ram Board, www.ramboard.com.

2. Environmental Limitations:

a. Comply with manufacturers written instructions for substrate temperature and moisture content, ambient temperature and humidity, ventilation, and other conditions affecting topping performance.

1) Commencement of Mark "CO-1" Finish shall take place prior to construction of walls in the area of the finish, to allow an uninhibited concrete slab for application.

2) Close areas to traffic during floor application and after application, for time period recommended in writing by manufacturer.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 CURING MATERIALS

A. See Section 03050 for concrete curing requirements.

B. For a similar color appearance, all surfaces shall be cured by the same method, and shall be treated when concrete is the same age.

C. Concrete shall be sufficiently cured to allow the concrete to become reactive, and shall be shown to comply with manufacturer's vapor emission requirements.

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2.2 HARDENING / SEALING AGENT / BURNISHING SYSTEM ("CO-2" FLOOR FINISH) Penetrating Liquid Hardener and Densifier:

1. Ashford Formula, manufactured by Curecrete Chemical Co., Inc, 801-489-5663 a. Local Representative: UltraCoat Inc., 317-873-4349.

2. L&M Construction Chemicals, Inc. "Seal Hard".

B. Performance Criteria:

1. Abrasion Resistance: ASTM C779: Approximately 400% increase in abrasion resistance.

2. Impact Strength: ASTM C805: Approximately 21% increase impact strength.

3. Ultra Violet Light and Water Spray: ASTM G23-81: No adverse effect to ultra violet and water spray.

4. Skidability Static: Coeficient of Friction: ASTM 1028: All levels of finish shall exceed OSHA and ADA recommendations

5. Gloss: Satin

C. Joint Filler: CreteFill Pro 85 MI, semi-rigid, 2-component, self-leveling, 100% solids, rapid curing, polyurea control Joint and crack filler.

D. Cleanng Solution: CreteClean Plus.

2.3 COATINGS

A. Low Gloss Clear Sealer: Transparent, non-yellowing, water-based coating. ("CO-1"

FLOOR FINISH) per Specification Section 03050 Basic Concrete Materials and Methods 1. Product:

a. Ashford Formula, manufactured by Curecrete Chemical Co., Inc, 801-489-5663

b. EnviroSeal Corp., Duraseal Zero, DZ 419-09.

c. L&M Construction Chemicals, Inc. "Seal Hard".

d. Three coat application to produce a satin sheen surface which beads water.

e. Applied on floors which have received Penetrating Liquid Hardener and Densifier: Products listed in Section 03050 –Basic Concrete Materials and Methods.

PART 3 EXECUTION 3.1 PROTECTION

A. Concrete floors to receive floor finishes shall be protected after curing, up until time of concrete floor finishes, and afterwards until Owner acceptance.

B. Protection methods and products shall be non-staining.

C. At time of floor finish application, concrete floors shall be free of marks, stains and similar blemishes.

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B. Verify that flaws in concrete have been patched and joints filled with methods and materials suitable for further finishes.

3.3 FINISHING FLOORS AND SLABS -GENERAL

A. Comply with all manufacturer's recommendations and application instructions for each product specified in this Section,

B. Comply with recommendations in ACI 302.1R for screeding, restraightening, and finishing operations for concrete surfaces. Do not wet concrete surfaces.

C. Do not apply products when freezing conditions may occur.

3.4 FINISHING FLOORS -MARK "CO-2" LOCATIONS A. General:

1. Concrete must be in place a minimum of 90 days.

2. Use adequate numbers of skilled workmen who are thoroughly trained and experienced in the necessary crafts, and who are completely familiar with the specified requirements and the methods needed for proper performance of the work of this Section.

3. Cleaning: Prior to opening, thoroughly clean the floor surface using an automatic scrubbing machine, aggressive brushes, and a high-pH detergent. Spot treat oil spots, spills, laitance, and/or other contaminants. CreteClean Plus.

4. Achieve waterproofing, hardening, dust-proofing, and abrasion resistance of the surface without changing the natural appearance of the concrete, except for the sheen.

5. Apply CreteFill Pro 85 Joint Filler at all control, expansion, and other open joints.

Comply with recommendations of the manufacturer.

6. Burnish to a satin sheen level, to achieve required slip resistence.

B. Floor Burnishing with Ashford Formula or L&M products:

1. Application shall be made with a low-pressure spray at 200 square feet per gallon.

All concrete surfaces shall be kept wet with the Ashford Formula for a minimum of 30 minutes.

2. When the treated surface becomes slippery, lightly mist the surface with water.

The misting will cause the Ashford Formula to lose its slipperiness.

3. Wait for the surface to become slippery once again. Flush the entire surface with water to remove all Ashford Formula residue. Squeegee the surfaces completely dry. Any slippery areas detected during the final squeegee should be re-flushed and squeegeed until no Ashford Formula residue remains on the surface.

4. Note: In hot conditions, the Ashford Formula may become slippery before the 30-minute soak-in period has elapsed. In this case, keep the Ashford misted with water so that it remains in an active, liquid,non-slippery state for the entire 30

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minutes. When it becomes slippery after the 30-minute minimum, proceed to flushing and removal

5. Achieve Sheen by Burnishing: Achieve an immediate sheen by aggressively buffing the floor. Using a black stripping pad, burnish the floor with a

propane-powered, high-speed (2200 RPM or higher) buffing machine. Utilize machines with approximately 12 hp to 16 hp, with a motor directly over the rotating pad. Standard electric buffers are not allowable. Keep the buffer moving in forward/back or side-to-side motions until the desired sheen develops. Achieve a higher sheen by following the same procedure with a red pad, followed by a red or black pad.

3.5 COATING APPLICATIONS

A. Verify that surface is free of previous coatings, sealers, curing compounds, water repellents, laitance, efflorescence, fats, oils, grease, wax, soluble salts, residues from cleaning agents, and other impediments to adhesion.

B. B. Verify that water vapor emission from concrete and relative humidity in concrete are within limits established by coating manufacturer.

C. C. Protect adjacent non-coated areas from drips, overflow, and overspray; immediately remove excess material.

D. D. Apply coatings and systems in accordance with manufacturer's instructions, including recommended product quantities and application rates required for size of floor area.

E. E. Match approved mock-ups for sealing and workmanship and slip resistance.

F. F. Install protective cover on adjacent surfaces which could receive over application of products. Remove spatter from adjoining surfaces immediately.

G. G. Dispose of excess coating materials in separate, closed containers in accordance with local, State, and Owner requirements.

3.6 SCHEDULE

A. See Drawing Room Finish Plans and Room Finish Schedule for locations of concrete floor finish.

END OF SECTION

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SECTION 03450

PRECAST ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Insulated, architectural precast concrete units.

B. Related Requirements:

1. Section 03050 "Basic Concrete Materials and Methods" for installing connection anchors in concrete.

2. Section 05120 "Structural Steel Framing" for furnishing and installing connections attached to structural-steel framing.

3. Section 07620 “Sheet Metal Flashing and Trim”

4. Section 07900 “Joint Sealants”

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Design Reference Sample: Sample of approved architectural precast concrete color, finish and texture, preapproved by Architect.

1.4 PREINSTALLATION MEETINGS

A. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site . 1.5 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product.

B. Design Mixtures: For each precast concrete mixture. Include compressive strength and water-absorption tests.

C. Shop Drawings:

1. Detail fabrication and installation of architectural precast concrete units.

2. Indicate locations, plans, elevations, dimensions, shapes, and cross sections of each unit.

3. Indicate joints, reveals, drips, chamfers, and extent and location of each surface finish.

4. Indicate details at building corners.

5. Indicate separate face and backup mixture locations and thicknesses.

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PRECAST ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE 03450 - 2

6. Indicate type, size, and length of welded connections by AWS standard symbols.

Detail loose and cast-in hardware and connections.

7. Indicate locations, tolerances, and details of anchorage devices to be embedded in or attached to structure or other construction.

8. Indicate locations, extent, and treatment of dry joints if two-stage casting is proposed.

9. Include plans and elevations showing unit location and sequence of erection for special conditions.

10. Indicate location of each architectural precast concrete unit by same identification mark placed on panel.

11. Indicate relationship of architectural precast concrete units to adjacent materials.

12. Indicate locations, dimensions, and details of thin-brick units, including corner units and special shapes, and joint treatment.

13. Indicate locations, dimensions, and details of stone facings, anchors, and joint widths.

14. If design modifications are proposed to meet performance requirements and field conditions, submit design calculations and Shop Drawings. Do not adversely affect the appearance, durability, or strength of units when modifying details or materials and maintain the general design concept.

D. Samples: Design reference samples for initial verification of design intent, for each type of finish indicated on exposed surfaces of architectural precast concrete units, in sets of three, representative of finish, color, and texture variations expected; approximately 12 by 12 by 2 inches.

1. When other faces of precast concrete unit are exposed, include Samples illustrat- ing workmanship, color, and texture of backup concrete as well as facing concrete.

2. Samples for each thin-brick unit required, showing full range of color and texture expected. Include Sample showing color and texture of joint treatment.

a. Grout Samples for Initial Selection: Color charts consisting of actual sections of grout showing manufacturer's full range of colors.

b. Grout Samples for Verification: Showing color and texture of joint treatment.

E. Delegated-Design Submittal: For architectural precast concrete indicated to comply with performance requirements and design criteria, including analysis data signed and sealed by the qualified professional engineer responsible for their preparation.

1. Show governing panel types, connections, types of reinforcement, including special reinforcement, and concrete cover on reinforcement. Indicate location, type, magnitude, and direction of loads imposed on the building structural frame from architectural precast concrete.

1.6 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Qualification Data: For Installer, fabricator, and testing agency.

B. Welding certificates.

C. Material Certificates: For the following items:

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1. Cementitious materials.

2. Reinforcing materials and prestressing tendons.

3. Admixtures.

4. Bearing pads.

5. Structural-steel shapes and hollow structural sections.

6. Stone anchors.

7. Insulation.

D. Material Test Reports: For aggregates.

E. Preconstruction test reports.

F. Source quality-control test reports.

G. Field quality-control reports.

1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications: A precast concrete erector qualified and designated by PCI's Cer- tificate of Compliance to erect precast systems that are compatible with document design.

B. Installer Qualifications: A precast concrete erector who has retained a "PCI-Certified Field Auditor" to conduct a field audit of a project in same category as this Project and who can produce an Erectors' Post-Audit Declaration.

C. Fabricator Qualifications: A firm that assumes responsibility for engineering architectural precast concrete units to comply with performance requirements. This responsibility includes preparation of Shop Drawings and comprehensive engineering analysis by a qualified professional engineer.

1. Designated as a PCI-certified plant for Group A, Category A1 - Architectural Cladding and Load Bearing Units.

D. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C 1077 and ASTM E 329 for testing indicated.

E. Quality-Control Standard: For manufacturing procedures and testing requirements, quality-control recommendations, and dimensional tolerances for types of units required, comply with PCI MNL 117, "Manual for Quality Control for Plants and Production of Architectural Precast Concrete Products."

F. Welding Qualifications: Qualify procedures and personnel according to

AWS D1.1/D.1.1M, "Structural Welding Code - Steel"; and AWS D1.4/D1.4M, "Struc- tural Welding Code - Reinforcing Steel."

G. Sample Panels: After sample approval and before fabricating architectural precast concrete units, produce a minimum of two sample panels approximately 16 sq. ft. in area for review by Architect. Incorporate full-scale details of architectural features, finishes, tex- tures, and transitions in sample panels.

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1. Locate panels where indicated or, if not indicated, as directed by Architect.

2. Damage part of an exposed-face surface for each finish, color, and texture, and demonstrate adequacy of repair techniques proposed for repair of surface blemishes.

3. After acceptance of repair technique, maintain one sample panel at manufacturer's plant and one at Project site in an undisturbed condition as a standard for judging the completed Work.

4. Demolish and remove sample panels when directed.

H. Range Samples: After sample panel approval and before fabricating architectural precast concrete units, produce a minimum of three sets of samples, approximately 16 sq. ft. in area, representing anticipated range of each color and texture on Project's units. Maintain one set of range samples at Project site and remaining range sample sets at manufacturer's plant as color and texture approval reference.

I. Mockups: After sample panel and range sample approval but before production of archi- tectural precast concrete units, construct full-sized mockups to verify selections made under Sample submittals and to demonstrate aesthetic effects and to set quality standards for materials and execution.

1. Build mockup as indicated on Drawings including architectural precast concrete complete with anchors, connections, flashings, and joint fillers.

2. Approval of mockups does not constitute approval of deviations from the Con- tract Documents contained in mockups unless Architect specifically approves such deviations in writing.

3. Subject to compliance with requirements, approved mockups may become part of the completed Work if undamaged at time of Substantial Completion.

1.8 COORDINATION

A. Furnish loose connection hardware and anchorage items to be embedded in or attached to other construction without delaying the Work. Provide locations, setting diagrams, tem- plates, instructions, and directions, as required, for installation.

1.9 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver architectural precast concrete units in such quantities and at such times to limit unloading units temporarily on the ground or other rehandling.

B. Support units during shipment on nonstaining shock-absorbing material.

C. Store units with adequate dunnage and bracing and protect units to prevent contact with soil, to prevent staining, and to prevent cracking, distortion, warping or other physical damage.

D. Place stored units so identification marks are clearly visible, and units can be inspected.

E. Handle and transport units in a manner that avoids excessive stresses that cause cracking or damage.

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F. Lift and support units only at designated points indicated on Shop Drawings.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS

A. Fabricators: Subject to compliance with requirements.

2.2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Delegated Design: Engage a qualified professional engineer to design architectural precast concrete units.

B. Design Standards: Comply with ACI 318 (ACI 318M) and design recommendations of PCI MNL 120, "PCI Design Handbook - Precast and Prestressed Concrete," applicable to types of architectural precast concrete units indicated.

C. Calculated Fire-Test-Response Characteristics: Provide architectural precast concrete units with fire-resistance rating indicated as calculated according to ACI 216.1

(ACI 216.1M), PCI MNL 124, "Design for Fire Resistance of Precast Prestressed Con- crete," and acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

D. Structural Performance: Provide architectural precast concrete units and connections capable of withstanding the following design loads within limits and under conditions indicated:

1. Loads: As indicated.

2. Dead Loads: As indicated on the drawings.

3. Live Loads: As indicated on the drawings.

4. Wind Loads: In-plane wind load at the 2^nd floor/ roof line is 60 PLF. The out-of- plane wind load above the 2^nd floor is 20 PSF; Below the 2^nd floor is 18 PSF.;

The building falls under IBC “D” Exposure; Importance Factor II.

5. Seismic Loads: In-plane seismic load at 2^nd floor roof line is 210 PLF. In-plane seismic load at 1^st floor is 270 PLF.

6. Project-Specific Loads: As indicated on the drawings.

7. Design precast concrete units and connections to maintain clearances at openings, to allow for fabrication and construction tolerances, to accommodate live- load deflection, shrinkage and creep of primary building structure, and other building movements as follows:

a. Upward and downward movement of 1/2 inch.

8. Thermal Movements: Provide for in-plane thermal movements resulting from annual ambient temperature changes.

2.3 MOLD MATERIALS

A. Molds: Rigid, dimensionally stable, non-absorptive material, warp and buckle free, that provides continuous and true precast concrete surfaces within fabrication tolerances indicated; nonreactive with concrete and suitable for producing required finishes.

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1. Mold-Release Agent: Commercially produced form-release agent that does not bond with, stain or adversely affect precast concrete surfaces and does not impair subsequent surface or joint treatments of precast concrete.

B. Form Liners: Units of face design, texture, arrangement, and configuration to match those used for precast concrete design reference sample. Use with manufacturer's recommended form-release agent that does not bond with, stain, or adversely affect precast concrete surfaces and does not impair subsequent surface or joint treatments of precast concrete.

C. Surface Retarder: Chemical set retarder, capable of temporarily delaying final hardening of newly placed concrete mixture to depth of reveal specified.

2.4 REINFORCING MATERIALS

A. Reinforcing Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60 (Grade 420), deformed.

B. Plain-Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement: ASTM A 1064/A 1064M, fabricated from galvanized-steel wire into flat sheets.

C. Supports: Suspend reinforcement from back of mold or use bolsters, chairs, spacers, and other devices for spacing, supporting, and fastening reinforcing bars and welded wire reinforcement in place according to PCI MNL 117.

2.5 PRESTRESSING TENDONS

A. Prestressing Strand: ASTM A 416/A 416M, Grade 270 (Grade 1860), uncoated, seven- wire, low-relaxation strand.

1. Coat unbonded post-tensioning strand with post-tensioning coating complying with ACI 423.7 and sheath with polypropylene tendon sheathing complying with ACI 423.7. Include anchorage devices and coupler assemblies.

2.6 CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150/C 150M, Type I or Type III, gray, unless otherwise indicated.

1. For surfaces exposed to view in finished structure, use gray or white cement, of same type, brand, and mill source.

B. Supplementary Cementitious Materials:

1. Fly Ash: ASTM C 618, Class C or F, with maximum loss on ignition of 3 percent.

2. Metakaolin: ASTM C 618, Class N.

3. Silica Fume: ASTM C 1240, with optional chemical and physical requirement.

4. Slag Cement: ASTM C 989, Grade 100 or 120.

C. Normal-Weight Aggregates: Except as modified by PCI MNL 117, ASTM C 33/C 33M, with coarse aggregates complying with Class 5S. Stockpile fine and coarse aggregates for each type of exposed finish from a single source (pit or quarry) for Project.

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1. Face-Mixture-Coarse Aggregates: Selected, hard, and durable; free of material that reacts with cement or causes staining; to match selected finish sample.

a. Gradation: To match design reference sample.

2. Face-Mixture-Fine Aggregates: Selected, natural or manufactured sand compatible with coarse aggregate; to match approved finish sample.

D. Lightweight Aggregates: Except as modified by PCI MNL 117, ASTM C 330/C 330M, with absorption less than 11 percent.

E. Water: Potable; free from deleterious material that may affect color stability, setting, or strength of concrete and complying with chemical limits of PCI MNL 117.

F. Chemical Admixtures: Certified by manufacturer to be compatible with other admixtures and to not contain calcium chloride, intentionally-added chlorides.

1. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260/C 260M.

2. Water-Reducing Admixtures: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type A.

3. Mid-Range Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type A.

a. :

4. Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type B.

5. Accelerating Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type C.

6. Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type D.

7. Water-Reducing and Accelerating Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type E.

8. High-Range, Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type F.

9. High-Range, Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type G.

10. Plasticizing Admixture: ASTM C 1017/C 1017M, Type I.

11. Plasticizing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 1017/C 1017M, Type II.

12. Workability-Retaining Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type S. Shall retain concrete workability without affecting time of setting or early-age strength development.

a. Shall retain concrete workability without affecting time of setting or early-age strength development.

13. Permeability-Reducing Admixture:

a. Shall be a portland cement-based crystalline capillary waterproofing admixture that reacts in concrete to form non-soluble crystalline hydration products in the capillary pores of the concrete.

b. Shall show a reduction in permeability of concrete compared to an identical concrete mixture without the admixture, when tested in accordance with CRD-C 48 at a pressure of 200 psi (1.4 MPa).

c. Shall reduce or have no penetration of water compared to an identical concrete mixture without the admixture, when tested in accordance with DIN 1048 for a duration of 96 hours.

d. Shall be certified to NSF/ANSI 61.

14. Corrosion Inhibiting Admixture: ASTM C 1582/C 1582M.

15. Shrinkage-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type S.

16. Viscosity-Modifying Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type S.

17. Alkali-Silica Reaction Inhibiting Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type S.

Shall contain a nominal lithium nitrate content of 30 percent.

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18. Coloring Admixture: ASTM C 979/C 979M, synthetic or natural mineral-oxide pigments or colored water-reducing admixtures, temperature stable, and nonfad- ing.

2.7 STEEL CONNECTION MATERIALS

A. Carbon-Steel Shapes and Plates: ASTM A 36/A 36M.

B. Carbon-Steel-Headed Studs: ASTM A 108, AISI 1018 through AISI 1020, cold finished, AWS D1.1/D1.1M, Type A or Type B, with arc shields and with minimum mechanical properties of PCI MNL 117, Table 3.2.3.

C. Carbon-Steel Plate: ASTM A 283/A 283M, Grade C.

D. Malleable Iron Castings: ASTM A 47/A 47M, Grade 32510 or Grade 35028.

E. Carbon-Steel Castings: ASTM A 27/A 27M, Grade 60-30 (Grade 415-205).

F. High-Strength, Low-Alloy Structural Steel: ASTM A 572/A 572M.

G. Carbon-Steel Structural Tubing: ASTM A 500/A 500M, Grade B or Grade C.

H. Wrought Carbon-Steel Bars: ASTM A 675/A 675M, Grade 65 (Grade 450).

I. Deformed-Steel Wire or Bar Anchors: ASTM A 496/A 496M or ASTM A 706/A 706M.

J. Carbon-Steel Bolts and Studs: ASTM A 307, Grade A or ASTM F 1554, Grade 36 (ASTM F 568M, Property Class 4.6); carbon-steel, hex-head bolts and studs; carbon-steel nuts, ASTM A 563 (ASTM A 563M); and flat, unhardened steel washers, ASTM F 844.

K. High-Strength Bolts and Nuts: ASTM A 325, Type 1, heavy hex steel structural bolts;

heavy hex carbon-steel nuts, ASTM A 563; and hardened carbon-steel washers, ASTM F 436.

L. Zinc-Coated Finish: For exterior steel items , steel in exterior walls, and items indicated for galvanizing, apply zinc coating by hot-dip process according to

ASTM A 123/A 123M or ASTM A 153/A 153M

1. For steel shapes, plates, and tubing to be galvanized, limit silicon content of steel to less than 0.03 percent or to between 0.15 and 0.25 percent or limit sum of silicon and 2.5 times phosphorous content to 0.09 percent.

2. Galvanizing Repair Paint: High-zinc-dust-content paint with dry film containing not less than 94 percent zinc dust by weight, and complying with DOD-P- 21035B or SSPC-Paint 20.

M. Shop-Primed Finish: Prepare surfaces of nongalvanized steel items, except those surfaces to be embedded in concrete, according to requirements in SSPC-SP 3 and shop-apply, rust-inhibitive primer, complying with performance requirements in MPI 79, SSPC- Paint 25 according to SSPC-PA 1.