V8i
(SELECTseries 4)
User Manual
DAA039230-1/0001
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To view the End User License Agreement for this product, review: eula_ en.pdf.
What's New
1
V8i (SELECTseries 4) Release 5.3 1 V8i (SELECTseries 3) Update Patch Release 5.2.1 2 V8i (SELECTseries 3) Release 5.2 3 V8i (SELECTseries 2) Release 5.1 4
Section 1 Getting Started
11
1.1 Welcome 11
1.2 Fundamentals 12
1.3 Application Window Layout 24
Section 2 General Foundations
95
2.1 Introduction 95
2.2 Global Data 96
2.3 Job Setup 133
2.4 Local Data 139
2.5 Grouping Foundation Designs 225
Section 3 Plant Foundations
227
3.1 Introduction 227
3.2 Starting a New Plant Setup Job 227 3.3 Vertical Vessel Foundation 229 3.4 Heat Exchanger Foundation 248
Section 4 Foundation Toolkit
265
4.1 Introduction 265
4.2 Starting a New Foundation Toolkit Project 265 4.3 Isolated/Block Foundation 268
4.4 Combined Footing 279
4.5 Dead Man Anchor Guy Foundation 288
4.6 Drilled Pier 295
4.7 Pile Cap 303
4.8 Ribbed Beam Footing 315
Section 5 Creating Reports and Drawings
329
5.1 Creating Design Reports 329
5.2 Creating Detailed Calculations Sheets 330 5.3 Create Drawing Files for use with CAD software 331
Section 6 Integration with External Programs
333
6.1 Working with STAAD.Pro 333
6.2 Working with Microsoft Excel 335 6.3 Working with Neutral Files 340
Section 7 Quick Tour
343
7.1 Isolated Footing Example 343
7.2 Mat Foundation Example 353
7.3 Pile Cap Example 371
7.4 Strip Footing Example 377
7.5 Conclusion 381
Section 8 Technical Reference
383
8.1 Introduction to Finite Element Analysis 383 8.2 Element Load Specification 384
8.3 Theoretical Basis 384
8.4 Element Local Coordinate System 385 8.5 Output of Element Forces 385 8.6 Sign Convention of Element Forces 387 8.7 STAAD.foundation Program Theory 390
8.11 Combined (Strip) Footing Theory 398
8.12 Driller Pier Theory 399
8.13 Pedestal Theory 404
contains detailed information on additions and changes that have been implemented since the release of Release 5.2.
V8i (SELECTseries 4) Release 5.3
STAAD.foundation has been updated to facilitate advanced exporting of
structural data from within STAAD.Pro. The Foundation Design mode included in STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 2) release 20.07.07 and later can be used to export initial data and update the STAAD.foundation project when changes are made in the original STAAD.Pro model.
Note: If more than one versions of STAAD.foundation are installed on the
machine, while export automatically latest version of STAAD.foundation will be selected
Smart Change Management
After the initial export, any changes made in the STAAD.Pro model can be seamlessly exported to STAAD.foundation. After an analysis of the changed model is complete, go to the Foundation Design mode and export to
STAAD.foundation using Launch STAAD.foundation button. The following Parameters can be updated:
l Column Position l Column Shape l Column Size l Load Cases l Support List
Smart Load Export
After exporting a model from STAAD.Pro to STAAD.foundation, you can create additional load cases in the STAAD.foundation project. These newly added load cases are independent from the STAAD.Pro model. If the loads in STAAD.Pro are updated, STAAD.foundation will only update the imported load cases when another export is initiated via the smart change management feature. Any load cases created in STAAD.foundation will not be affected by changes in
Hint: In the STAAD.foundation load description tree, load cases imported
from STAAD.Pro will have a STAAD.Pro icon ( ) and load cases generated in STAAD.foundation will have simple arrow icon ( ).
Smart Unit Export
STAAD.Pro has two base units setup which are English and Metric. Because of the unit familiarity users want to have the same unit setup even in
STAAD.foundation when launch from STAAD.Pro. STAAD.foundation already has interface for setting base unit and display unit but that needs some user interaction. This integration will avoid that unit related confusion.
Integration will automatically detect the STAAD.Pro base unit setup and the same base unit will be transferred to STAAD.foundation too.
Note: Only the base unit setup will be transferred, possibly not be the
actual units. For instance, you may create a new unit in STAAD.Pro (e.g., T/mm) which may not be available in STAAD.foundation. Thus, the program won't display T/mm but may instead display KN/m. Both are SI units, which is preferable to a mix of SI and English (U.S. Customary).
V8i (SELECTseries 3) Update Patch Release 5.2.1
The following features have been added or enhanced since V8i SELECTseries 3 (Release 5.2):
l An option to specify if the concrete footing self weight is to be used for
Ultimate Design check has been added to the Global Settings dialog.
l Negative Offset For Isolated Footing - Logic for isolated footing concrete
check (One way Shear, Moment) has been enhanced. Now the program checks shear or moment at all possible locations for a given direction and designs for the critical stress.
Stability check for footings with negative offset has also been enhanced. Now the program considers resisting moment based on the eccentricity sign. Thus, the resisting moment will be calculated in the opposite direction of the moment generated by eccentricity.
l The analysis time for rigid foundations has been cut short by a
significant amount by newly enhanced design engine.
l Zip Code database for plant foundation seismic load generationwas
miss-ing in 5.2 installation. It has been included in the patch.
l The pedestal deign engine for the horizontal vessel module has been
l Minor corrections have been made in calculation sheets for isolated
foot-ing, vertical vessel, and horizontal vessel designs.
l Title for theAdd Self Weight dialog has been updated to Add Self Weight
& Modify Dead Weight Factor.
V8i (SELECTseries 3) Release 5.2
The following features have been added or enhanced since V8i SELECTseries 2 (Release 5.1):
General Program
Excel interoperability - Use a pre-formatted spreadsheet to enter multiple jobs at once.
Context Sensitive help - This feature is accessed by pressing the F1 key during most dialogs or forms.
Wind load and Seismic load for X and Z. Four new load types have been created to reflect directional wind and seismic loads. This is reflected in both the General Foundation mode as well as Foundation Toolkit mode.
STAAD.Pro Import can now be initiated from theCommand line.
Isolated Foundation
Pedestal design for Indian and British codes (IS-456-2000 and BS 8100-97, respectively) - Available in the General Foundation mode (Create Job form) or in the Foundation Toolkit mode (Isolated Footing or Combined Footing Job pages). Automatic bar arrangement is performed, similar to the US code pedestal design.
Controlling parameter to restrict allowable uplift. This is done by limiting the percent of footing area that must remain in contact with soil.
Fixed “Length” or “Width”optionsfor Isolated footing design. In addition to specifying both plan dimensions or having the program design them, you may now specify one dimension as fixed and the program will design the other. Support offsetsmay now be entered as negative values.
Crack control rebar spacing is now checked and reported for footing designed by the US code (ACI 318, chapter 10).
The final thickness is updated and used for the self weight calculation.
Isolated footing groupsare now added to a new job, with its own calculation sheet. This aids in organizing your footing design groups.
Mat Foundation
Soil on top of a mat foundation can now be considered in analysis. Input the density and height of the soil in the Mat FoundationSoil Properties form. The contribution of the dead weight is controlled in the Add Self Weight & Modify Dead Weight Factor dialog, which has been updated to reflect the inclusion of soil as dead weight.
The Calculation sheet created when a mat foundation is designed has been standardized to the format used throughout the program.
Pile Cap
Pile cap design by Canadian code (CSA A23-94) - Access this feature in the General Foundation mode (Create Job form). One way shear is checked per Section 11 and punching shear per Section 13.
The Calculation sheet created when a pile cap foundation is designed has been standardized to the format used throughout the program.
Plant Foundations
The dimension increment used for Vertical Vessel footing sizes can now be set.
V8i (SELECTseries 2) Release 5.1
General
l Icons are modified for main navigator. In place of folder image, now
l Calculation sheet print preview
l Load case title now supports “&” character
l Development Length check made optional (refer 2.9, 2.10 & 2.12) l IS code bond stress enhancement for torsed bar is implemented l You may now add, save and display notes on any module’s Detail
Toolkit Mode
l Ribbed beam foundation for Indian code l Special features:
l Singly/ doubly reinforcement available for beam l Single layer/double layer reinforcement for beam l Bond stress check in working stress method
Pile Cap Job (refer 2.10)
l Self weight is considered
l Lateral load is transferred from top of the pedestal to the bottom of the
footing
l 2/3 pilecap combination modified
General mode
l Default colors can be saved
l Copy-Paste support for load combination generation table, column
position table, column dimension table, Linear Grid table, and Radial Grid table (refer to section 6.2)
l Linear grid saving l Radial grid saving
l “Load Title” column added in “Load Safety Factor Table” l Soil bearing capacity factors (refer 4.5.4.16)
l Automatic load combination generation table for l ASCE 7-05
l British l Indian
l Canadian (NBCC 05) l Australian
l Default unit cannot be changed by “Edit Job” l Mat foundation
l Copy-paste option for physical beam table (refer 7.1)
l Table to create polygon region using coordinates (refer 7.1) l Advance polygonal meshing options (refer 4.7.1.3.14)
l Load combination Table along with the name is displayed in calculation
sheet.
l Neutral file format (xml format) read and write ability
Plant mode
l Square shaped vertical vessel foundation (refer 5.4.3)
l Octagonal and square pile cap for vertical vessel foundation (refer 5.4.11) l Two isolated footing option for horizontal vessel foundation (refer 5.5.4) l Strap footing option for horizontal vessel foundation (refer 5.5.5 and
5.5.6)
l Partial wind load option included (refer 5.4.7 and 5.5.8) l Pier design for horizontal vessel
l PIP load combination added l Zip code data saving
l 3-D model available for all plant modules
l pile punching check added for octagonal pilecap l Verification examples for plant module
l Seismic/ wind Load application point for horizontal vessel (refer 5.5.7) l Sliding plate coefficient of friction for horizontal vessel (refer 5.5.7) l Load application with respect to fixed & sliding support consideration
PIP compatible
Getting Started
1.1 Welcome
STAAD.foundation V8i (SELECTseries 4) Release 5.3
STAAD.foundation is standalone software with more than 50 different design modules and 5 different international codes. It is cost-saving downstream application that also enables engineers to analyze and design the underlying foundation for the structure they created in STAAD.Pro. STAAD.foundation can automatically absorb the geometry, loads and results from a STAAD.Pro model and accurately design isolated or combined footings, true mat foundations and even perform pile cap arrangements. Data from other superstructure analysis design packages can be imported to STAAD.foundation through Microsoft Excel.
STAAD.foundation not only analyzes and designs a myriad of foundation configurations, but will also produce production quality reports, detail
drawing, schedule drawing, general arrangement (GA) drawing and detailed 3D rendering of your foundation structures. With full OpenGL graphics, engineers can clearly see the displaced shape, stress distribution, reinforcement layout
and force diagrams of their supporting structure. All models use physical objects including physical beams and slabs that do not require meshing. For mat design, STAAD.foundation utilizes a true finite element design using the individual element stresses rather than using column strips.
STAAD.foundation can be used in a stand-alone mode or can be used
integrated with STAAD.Pro where the support reactions from the main model and associated load cases are automatically brought in.
For isolated (pad) footings, combined (strip) footings, pilecaps STAAD.foundation utilizes rigid analysis and design method. These
foundation can be also analyzed and design through finite element method using mat foundation modules.
STAAD.foundation also offers special types of foundation like Dead Man Anchor Foundation (Guyed Tower Foundation), Drilled Pier Foundation, Ribbed (Beam) Foundation through Toolkit Mode.
The program and this document have been prepared in accord with
established industry engineering principles and guidelines. While believed to be accurate, the information contained herein should never be utilized for any specific engineering application without professional observance and
authentication for accuracy, suitability and applicability by a competent and licensed engineer, architect or other professional. Bentley Systems disclaims any liability arising from the unauthorized and/or improper use of any information contained in this document, or as a result of the usage of the program.
1.2 Fundamentals
Starting STAAD.foundation
There are several ways to initiate STAAD.foundation.
To start
1. In the program group, double-click the STAAD.foundation icon. or
From the Windows Start menu, select All Programs > Bentley
Engineering > STAAD.foundation 5.2 > STAAD.foundation 5.2 (default
or
In Windows Explorer, double-click an AFS file icon (with the file extension .AFS).
or
Drag a AFS file icon from Windows Explorer and drop it on the STAAD.foundation icon.
or
In the Windows Explorer, double-click the icon for the file,
STAADFOUNDATION.EXE.
The STAAD.foundation window opens.
Hint: If you’re a first time user unfamiliar with STAAD.foundation, we
suggest that you go through the Quick Tour presented in Section 3 of this manual.
Note: If you are using Windows Vista or Windows 7 operating systems, you
may have to run the program as an administrator. Right click on the
STAAD.FOUNDATION.EXE file and select Run as Administrator. Click Yes
in the message dialog.
Exiting STAAD.foundation
As you work, STAAD.foundation prompts you to save all changes you make to the open STAAD.foundation project file to disk (assuming you have not turned off the default “Enable Auto Save” toggle under the Tools menu). After you close the STAAD.foundation project file, you can no longer undo changes with STAAD.foundation's Undo feature. Therefore, be sure to undo any unwanted changes to the STAAD.foundation project file before you exit.
To exit STAAD.foundation
1. Click the application window's Close icon. or
Select File > Exit. or
From the application window menu, choose Close.
Foundation Modes
STAAD.foundation can operation in three different modes, depending on the type of foundation you wish to model, analyze, and design. You will select one of these modes when creating your project:
l General Foundation- Open modeling of common foundation types. l Plant Foundation- Parametric modeling wizards for common
foun-dations used in plant environments.
l Foundation Toolkit - Parametric modeling wizards for common
foun-dation types.
Global and Local data
In STAAD.foundation, you start out by creating a Project to hold all your physical information, such as column locations, loads, etc. This physical information represents the structure that the foundation is intended to support. Unless the design of the structure is modified, these physical conditions generally remain constant throughout the life of the foundation design project.
Your Project also contains Jobs, which are sets of constraints needed to tell the program how to perform a foundation design. Each job contains the local data for that specific foundation configuration. A job may represent separate foundation type which coexist on the same structure, several different
foundation scenarios used to evaluate different solutions, or even different stages of construction. It is a flexible system but one that allows you to organize the project to meet your needs.
The current job being evaluated can be selected using the Active Job drop-down found in the Standard Toolbar.
Note: STAAD.foundation consists of two sets of data, global and local.
Global data such as column reactions and column positions is shared throughout a project among both similar and different jobs. Local data
such as design parameters is used only within a specific job type. For example, an Isolated Footing job type has local data within the design parameters group. A project may contain multiple jobs, making it easy for you to evaluate different design scenarios for a given set of physical
conditions.
Document Conventions
Typographical Conventions
A number of typographical conventions are maintained throughout Bentley documentation, which makes it easier to identify and understand the
information presented.
Convention Description
Note Precedes information of general importance. Hint Precedes optional time-saving information. Warning Precedes information about actions that
should not be performed under normal oper-ating conditions.
FILENAMES Directory paths and file names are italicized. Example: C:\TUTOR directory,
AUTO-EXEC.BATfile.
Program Code Excerpts from text or basic script files,
var-iables, and statements appear in the font shown.
Input Commands or information that must be man-ually entered is bolded in the font shown.
Menu & But-tons
Menu commands and dialog buttons appear in a sans serif font that stands out from nor-mal body text.
Example: After selecting the File menu, press the OK button in the dialog.
Dialogs field_names
Dialog and database table names are ital-icized.
Example: The Preferences dialog.
Select Indicates that the command must be executed from a menu or dialog.
Throughout this Tutorial, the menu command sequence required to execute a command will be explicitly defined in the text, while the associated toolbar button (if one exists) is
pre-Convention Description
sented in the margin.
Terminology
l Click - This refers to the action of pressing a mouse button. When not
specified, click means to press the left mouse button.
l pop-up menu - A pop-up menu is displayed typically with a right-click of
the mouse on an item in the interface.
Using Toolbars
STAAD.foundation has many tools. These tools are grouped for convenient selection intoolbars and are referenced in tasks.
Tools are represented in toolbars by icons. For simplicity, the term “tool” is used to refer both to a tool and its icon.
The first time you start STAAD.foundation, the following are open and docked along the top of the program window:
l Standard l Trans Rotation l Select
Pop-up Menu
Right-clicking on any program toolbar presents the pop-up menu, which is used to toggle the display of application window elements or open the programCustomize dialog.
Toolbar Customization menu
Each toolbar has a menu which is access by clicking the downward arrow found to the right of any toolbar. This arrow can be found in the toolbar title bar when the toolbar has been undocked.
Docking and Floating toolbars
Each open toolbar is either floating in its own window or docked to an edge of the application window. You can change the arrangement of tools in a floating toolbar by resizing its window.
To undock (float) a toolbar from the window edge
1. Hover the mouse pointer over the left edge "handle" of the toolbar ( ) until a multi-arrow pointer ( ) is shown.
2. Drag the toolbar away from the program edge to float it as an undocked toolbox.
If the toolbox was previously re-sized, the previous size will be restored.
To dock a floating toolbox
1. Click in the toolbox title bar.
2. Drag the toolbox (the pointer becomes a multi-arrow pointer) to a new location or to the edge of the application window.
The floating toolbox is replaced with a docked toolbar (a resized toolbox will become a single-row toolbar).
To resize a floating a toolbox
1. Hover the mouse pointer over any edge of the toolbox until the a two-headed arrow is shown.
Showing and hiding tools
You can selectively disable and enable the display of individual tools in toolbars.
To hide or show a tool
1. Open the toolbar that contains the tool icon.
2. Click on the downward arrow, right of any toolbar and
The toolbar's customization menu opens.
3. Select Add or Remove Buttons > <toolbar name>.
Enabled tools are indicated with check marks.
4. Choose the pop-up menu item for the tool you want to hide or show.
Alternate Method - To Hide or show a tool
1. Select View > Toolbars > Customize… . or
Click on the downward arrow, right of any toolbar and select Add or
Remove Buttons > Customize….
or
right-click on any toolbar and select Customize… from the pop-up menu. The Customize dialogopens.
2. Select the Commands tab.
3. Select the tool Category you wish to add (this step is not necessary to remove a tool).
4. Click and drag the tool from the Commands list on to a tool bar where you wish to insert. A vertical bar is displayed where the tool will be inserted.
or
Click and drag the tool you wish to remove from the toolbar. Release the mouse button when the mouse pointer displays an X ( ).
To open a toolbar
1. Select View > Toolbars > Customize… . or
Click on the downward arrow, right of any toolbar and select Add or
Remove Buttons > Customize….
or
right-click on any toolbar and select Customize… from the pop-up menu. The Customize dialogopens.
Its list box contains an entry for each available toolbar. The check box next to each entry indicates whether or not the toolbar is open.
3. In the list box, click (turn on) the check box for the toolbar you want to open and click OK.
or
In the list box, double-click the list box entry for the toolbar you want to open.
If the toolbar was docked the last time it was opened (or its default is to be docked), it will be automatically docked upon opening. Otherwise, the toolbar will be floated.
Hint: You can open more than one toolbar at the same time using the
Customize dialog by turning on their check boxes.
To close a toolbar
Toolbars may be closed by unchecking the option in the Customize dialog, similar to how to open them. Alternately, if a toolbar is undocked, the following procedure may be used.
Coping with mistakes
MicroStation supports unlimited undo, which lets you undo “drawing”
operations to recover from a mistake. Similarly, you can use the View Previous and View Next view controls to scroll through viewing operations on a per view basis.
To undo the last operation
1. Select Edit > Undo. or
Press <CTRL-Z>.
For example, suppose that you just deleted an element with theDelete tool. To undo this operation, you would choose Undo delete element from the Edit menu.
Hint: After you undo an operation, the operation just before it becomes
undoable. You can, therefore, undo a series of operations by repeatedly choosing Undo from the Edit menu.
There is no limit to the number of undo's you can perform within a design session. The undo buffer is only limited by your disk storage space.
Note: A limitation on undoing is that unless you are recording the open
AFS file's design history, you cannot undo operations made before the file was last closed or compressed. You see when you close or compress the file (including “saving as”), the undo buffer is emptied.
To undo the last undo operation
1. Select Edit > Redo. or
Press <CTRL-Y>.
Using Window Panes
The STAAD.foundation application window is split into multiple panes, each of which may be moved, closed, or "floated" outside the main window.
Docking and Floating Window panes
To float a window pane
1. Click in the window pane title bar.
2. While holding the mouse button down, drag the pane away from its docked location.
3. Release the mouse button to place the floated window.
Alternate method - To float a window pane
1. Right click in the window pane title bar. 2. Select Floating from the pop-up menu.
To dock a window pane
1. Click in the window pane title bar.
2. While holding the mouse button down, drag the pane towards the edge of the application window or another docked window pane.
A number of dock location indicators appear across the window.
3. Drag the window title bar over one of the dock location indicators to highlight where the window will be docked at.
4. Release the mouse button over one of the dock location indicators to dock the window in that location.
Alternate method - To dock a window pane
1. Right click in the window pane title bar. 2. Select Docked from the pop-up menu.
To close a window pane
1. Click the X located in the right side of the window pane title bar. or
Select View > Toolbars > <Window pane name>.
The check box next to each entry indicates whether or not the window pane is open.
Alternate method - To close a window pane
1. Right click in the window pane title bar. 2. Select Hide from the pop-up menu.
Toggle auto hide for a docked window pane
1. Click the pushpin icon ( ) located in the right side of the window pane title bar.
The docked window pane collapses into a tab attached the application window edge it is docked into. Hovering the mouse pointer over this tab expands the window pane for use. Once the mouse is clicked outside the window pane, it will "auto hide" once again.
Note: Clicking the window pane tab will show the window pane
without pause.
2. Clicking the horizontal pushpin icon again will make the window pane "sticky" (toggle off auto hide).
Alternate method - Toggle auto hide for a docked window pane
1. Right click in the window pane title bar. 2. Select Auto Hide from the pop-up menu.
The check box next to each entry indicates whether or not the window pane is in auto hide.
Graphical Input
You can use a mouse, digitizing tablet cursor, or similar pointing device with STAAD.foundation to enter graphical input.
Using a scrolling mouse
If your mouse has a wheel, you can use the mouse wheel middle button and as a wheel for scrolling to manipulate view windows. You can also use it to zoom in and out of graphic window tabs. The middle button can be pressed and held to place the mouse pointer into a pan mode (same as selecting the Pan tool from the Trans Rotate toolbar)
Note: You must have the required drivers for your mouse already
installed on your system.
1.3 Application Window Layout
The STAAD.foundation application window is split into multiple panes, each of which may be moved, closed, or "floated" outside the main window. The STAAD.foundation window contains the following sections by default:
A. Title Bar - displays the file name of the project that is currently open & active
B. Menu bar - contains multiple menu items located at the top of the win-dow.
C. Toolbars
D. Main Navigation pane E. Tabbed View window
F. Data Input pane or Load pane G. Output Pane
H. Status Bar - Provides prompts, context-sensitive assistance, and some interactive functionality.
Menus
This section provides a description of the commands available from STAAD.foundation’s pull-down Menu Bar.
Hint: Only commonly used menu items are shown by default. Click the
expand menu icon to display the full contents of the menu. This behavior can be turned off in the Customize dialog, Options tab.
The names of the pull-down menus, from left to right across the top of the screen, are as follows:
File Menu
The File Menu allows you to perform project file related operations such as creating a new project, opening an existing project, saving a project, etc.
The File Menu contains the following menu commands:
Menu Item Description Shortcut
New > General Setup
Closes the current project and opens a new, empty project in the General mode.
New > Plant Setup
Closes the current project and opens a new, empty project in the Plant Foundation mode.
New > Toolkit Setup
Closes the current project and opens a new, empty project in the Toolkit mode.
Open… Opens the Open Project dialog, which is used to open an existing STAAD.foundation project.
CTRL+O
Save Saves design changes to the open project.
Note: Choosing Save while
"Untitled#.afs" is open has the
Menu Item Description Shortcut
same effect as choosing Save As.
Save As… Opens the Save As dialog, which is used to save a copy of the design file with a different name, in a different directory, or on a different disk. If just a different name is chosen, the copy
becomes the active design file. Close Closes the current project file
and returns to the Start page. Print… Opens the Print dialog, which is
used to adjust printing settings and create printed output.
CTRL+P
Print Preview Opens the Preview dialog.
When you choose this command, the main window will be replaced with a print preview window in which output pages will be
displayed in their printed format. Print Setup… Opens the Print Setup dialog,
where you specify the printer and its connection.
Import
STAAD.Pro File
Opens the StaadPro File Import dialog, which is used to select a STAAD.Pro project from which to create a new STAAD.foundation project.
Menu Item Description Shortcut
Import from Excel
Opens the STAAD.foundation Neutral File dialog, with the file filter set for Microsoft Excel (.xls) files.
See See "Import Foundation Input from Excel" on page 338 for additional information on this feature.
#filename <Recent Project Files>
A list of the most recent STAAD.foundation files is dis-played here in a numbered list. Selecting any item here will close the current STAAD.foundation project file and open the selected one.
Exit Exits STAAD.foundation. However, if modifications have not yet been saved, an alert box is displayed with options to save or discard the changes or return to the project.
Open Project dialog
Used to open an existing .AFS file. Opens when File > Open is selected.
Existing tab
To open an existing project, navigate to the directory in which the project file is located and then select the file and click on Open.
Look in
Lists the drives and directories for selection.
List box
Lists files for selection. The files listed reside in the directory chosen in the Look in option menu, filtered according to the file type chosen in the Files of type option menu. Double-clicking a filename in the list box selects the file.
File name
Shows the name of the file that is selected in the list box, or you can key in a filename. The list box lists the name of the existing files in the directory.
To bypass the Look in option menu, you can key in a complete path specification for a file in the File name field.
Files of type
Sets the type of file to open. STAAD.foundation can only read .AFS file formats directly. Use the Import feature to use data in a different file type.
Open
Opens the selected AFS file.
If the filename in the Name field is the same as the name of an existing file, an alert box asks if you want to overwrite the existing file.
If a AFS file is already open, it is closed before the newly selected AFS file is opened.
Cancel
Closes the dialog without opening a STAAD.foundation project file.
Go to Last Folder Visited
Returns to the last folder that you opened.
Up One Level
Moves up one directory from your current location.
Create New Folder
Creates a new folder with an editable name field.
View Menu
l Thumbnails — Shows a thumbnail image of the files in the
direc-tory.
l Tiles — Displays the file by name, type and size of file. l Icons — Displays the files by the product-specific icon. l List — Shows a list of the files in the directory.
l Details — Allows you to select what details you want to display for
the files listed.
Recent tab
The recent tab contains a list of recently opened STAAD.foundation project files. Select one from the list to re-open.
Open
Opens the selected AFS file.
If the filename in the Name field is the same as the name of an existing file, an alert box asks if you want to overwrite the existing file.
If a AFS file is already open, it is closed before the newly selected AFS file is opened.
Cancel
Closes the dialog without opening a STAAD.foundation project file.
Save Project dialog
Used to save a copy of the STAAD.foundation project file with a different name, in a different directory, or on a different disk. If just a different name is chosen, the copy becomes the active design file.
To save a project, navigate to the directory in which you want to save the project, type in a file name for the project and then click on Save.
Save in
Lists the drives and directories for selection.
List box
Sets the name of the STAAD.foundation file you want to save. The list box lists the names of the existing files in the directory.
Different systems allow different numbers of characters in filenames. Some systems are case-sensitive (they differentiate between upper and lower case), others are not. If portability between different systems is a concern, filenames with a maximum of eight characters all in the same case are recommended.
File name
Sets the name of the STAAD.founation file you want to save.
Save as type
Sets the type of file format. STAAD.foundation saves only in .AFS file format.
Save
Cancel
Closes the dialog without saving the current project file.
Go to Last Folder Visited
Returns to the last folder that you opened.
Up One Level
Moves up one directory from your current location.
Create New Folder
Creates a new folder with an editable name field.
View Menu
Allows you to select how to display the files in the directory.
l Thumbnails — Shows a thumbnail image of the files in the
direc-tory.
l Tiles — Displays the file by name, type and size of file. l Icons — Displays the files by the product-specific icon. l List — Shows a list of the files in the directory.
l Details — Allows you to select what details you want to display for
the files listed.
Print dialog
Used to print the active project report.
Opens when File > Print… is selected or the Print tool is clicked in the Print Preview dialog.
Printer
Lets you choose the printer driver to use. Select any Windows system printer.
Properties…
Used to set the properties for the selected printer.
Print range
l All - Print the entire report
l Pages - Enter from and to pages to specify a range within the report
to print.
l Selection - Prints only the pages selected before the dialog opened.
Copies
Enter the Number of copies desired.
Collate
Select this option to print entire jobs together before beginning the next copy.
OK
Closes the dialog and sends the document to the selected printer.
Cancel
Closes the dialog without printing.
Print Preview window
Displays an on-screen preview of how the current input file will when printed, using the current Page Setup and Print Setup.
Print Preview toolbar
The print preview toolbar offers you options to view either one or two pages at a time; move back and forth through the document; zoom in and out of pages; and initiate a print job.
Print…
The same as selecting File > Print… from the STAAD.foundation win-dow. Once the file has been printed, the Print Preview window closes and returns to the STAAD.foundation window.
Next Page
Displays the following page of the printed input file.
Prev Page
Displays the previous page of the printed input file
Two Page
Toggles the Print Preview window to display either one or two pages simultaneously.
Zoom In
Magnifies the View of the Print Preview window. Same a clicking in the window when the pointer is a magnifying glass.
Zoom Out
Decreases the magnification of the Print Preview window.
Close
Exits the Print Preview window and returns to the STAAD.foundation window.
Print Setup dialog
You can specify a printer and connection to the printer here. Your default Windows printer is selected for your automatically, if available.
STAAD.Pro File Import dialog
Used to begin a new project by importing the support co-ordinates and forces/moments on the individual supports from Bentley's STAAD.Pro structural analysis software program. This feature allows you to import any analyzed STAAD.Pro file and update foundation input database if the
STAAD.Pro file gets changed.
Look in
Lists the drives and directories for selection.
List box
Lists files for selection. The files listed reside in the directory chosen in the Look in option menu, filtered according to the file type chosen in the Files of type option menu. Double-clicking a filename in the list box selects the file.
File name
Shows the name of the file that is selected in the list box, or you can key in a filename. The list box lists the name of the existing files in the directory.
To bypass the Look in option menu, you can key in a complete path specification for a file in the File name field.
Files of type
Sets the type of file to open. STAAD.foundation can import STAAD.Pro input files (file extension .STD).
Open
Opens the Import STAAD.Pro File dialog, which is used to list all the available load cases found in the selected STD file.
Cancel
Go to Last Folder Visited
Returns to the last folder that you opened.
Up One Level
Moves up one directory from your current location.
Create New Folder
Creates a new folder with an editable name field.
View Menu
Allows you to select how to display the files in the directory.
l Thumbnails — Shows a thumbnail image of the files in the
direc-tory.
l Tiles — Displays the file by name, type and size of file. l Icons — Displays the files by the product-specific icon. l List — Shows a list of the files in the directory.
l Details — Allows you to select what details you want to display for
the files listed.
STAAD.foundation Neutral File dialog
Used to open Neutral Files. See "6.3 Working with Neutral Files" on page 340 for additional information.
The controls in this dialog are analogous to those in the Open dialog.
Edit Menu
The Edit menu has items for undoing and redoing changes to the foundation model.
The Edit menu contains the following commands:
Menu
Item Description Shortcut
Delete The Delete menu command deletes the selected item(s). The Delete command is only active when a relevant item like sup-port position, beam, pile etc. is selected.
Undo Negates the last drawing operation. CTRL+Z or
ALT + Backspace Redo Negates the last undo operation. CTRL+Y
View Menu
The View menu contains commands that turns various toolbars, status bars and menus on and off.
The View Menu contains the following menu commands:
Menu Item Description
Toolbars > Standard Toolbar
Toggles the display of the Standard toolbar.
Toolbars > View Trans-Rot Toolbar
Toggles the display of the Trans Rotate toolbar.
Menu Item Description
Output Toolbars > Caption Bar
Toggles the display of the Caption Bar. Toolbars >
Main Navi-gation
Toggles the display of the Main Navigation pane.
Toolbars > Load Page
Toggles the display of the Load pane. Toolbars >
Data Input Page
Toggles the display of the Data Input pane.
Toolbars > Cus-tomize…
Opens the Customize dialog.
Status Bar Toggles the display of the window status bar. Application
Look > <list>
This sub-menu contains a list of themes which will change the appearance of the STAAD.fou-ndation window. These themes are based on com-mon versions of Office suites.
Customize dialog
Used to customize the application window.
Note: All changes made in the Customize dialog are applied instantly.
Opens when:
l View > Toolbars > Customize… is selected, or
l You click on the downward arrow, right of any toolbar and select Add or
Remove Buttons > Customize…, or
l You right-click on any toolbar and select Customize… from the pop-up
menu.
Commands tab
Categories list
Commands (tools) are grouped in similar categories. Select the category from which you wish to add a tool.
Commands list
All available tools are listed here, grouped by category. These may be dragged onto toolbars. Refer to Using toolbars for more.
Description
When available, a brief description of the selected tool will be displayed here.
Toolbars tab
Toolbars list
Select the check box to display listed toolbars.
Note: The Menu bar may not be turned off.
Reset
Used to reset all changes made to window toolbars. A warning dialog will confirm you wish to proceed.
Warning: This action may not be undone.
Reset All
Used to reset all changes made to window toolbars and menus. A warning dialog will confirm you wish to proceed.
Warning: This action may not be undone. Show text labels
Select this option to display tool labels for each tool in the selected toobar.
Note: The tool names are displayed in "tool tips" even when this
option is not selected, as long as Show ScreenTips on toolbars is selected on the Options tab.
Keyboard tab
Used to control keyboard shortcuts for menu items.
Categories list
Commands (menu items) are grouped in similar categories.
Commands list
All available menu items are listed here, grouped by category.
Description
When available, a brief description of the selected command will be displayed here.
Set Accelerator for
Select the user account you for which you wish the keyboard shortcut (accelerator) to be available for.
Current keys
The current list of assigned keyboard shortcuts for the selected menu item in the Commands list.
When the cursor is active in this field, keyboard strokes/chords will be recorded as a keyboard shortcut.
Note: If a previously used keyboard shortcut is recorded, then a
message with its assignment is displayed below.
Assign
Add recorded keyboard shortcut to the selected menu item in the Commands list.
Hint: Multiple keyboard shortcuts may be assigned to a single menu
item or command.
Remove
Remove the selected keyboard shortcut in the Current Keys list from the selected menu item in the Commands list.
Reset All
Restore all settings on this tab to factory defaults.
Menu tab
Used control the contents and display style of menus.
Select the application state for which you wish to edit menus. Once selected, the context menu opens as a floating toolbox. Select the Commands tab in the Customize dialog (see above) to add or remove menu times from this menu.
Reset
This resets changes made to the selected menu in the Show Menus for list. A warning dialog will confirm you wish to proceed.
Warning: This action may not be undone. Menu animations
Select one of the animation styles from the drop-down menu.
Hint: If you are experiencing slow menu behavior, we recommend
selecting "None".
Menu shadows
Select this options to have a shadow effect
Hint: If you are experience slow menu behavior, we recommend
turning this feature off.
Select context menu
Select a context menu for customization. Once selected, the context menu opens as a floating toolbox. Select the Commands tab in the Customize dialog (see above) to add or remove menu times from this menu.
Reset
This resets changes made to the selected menu in the Select Context Menu list. A warning dialog will confirm you wish to proceed.
Warning: This action may not be undone. Options tab
Show ScreenTips on toolbars
Select this option to display the name of a tool by hovering the mouse pointer over the tool.
Show shortcut keys in ScreenTips
Select this option to also display the keyboard shortcut in the tool tip (for tools which have a keyboard shortcut assigned to them).
Large Icons
Select this option to use large icons in the program toolbars.
Menus show recently used commands first
Select this option to have menu items not commonly used hidden by default. These menu items may then be displayed by clicking the expand menu button ( ).
Show full menus after a short delay
Once a menu has been opened, the full menu will be displayed after a brief pause (same effect as clicking the expand menu button).
Rest my usage data
Click this button to reset the menu usage data dictating menu items to the factory default.
Close
Tools Menu
The Tools menu contains commands for manipulating the structure geometry, managing jobs, and adding self weight.
The Tools menu contains the following menu commands:
Menu Item Description
Move selected entities Opens the Move Selected Entities By… dialog.
Rectangular Mat wizard Opens the Mat Foundation Modeling wizard.
Update STAAD Database
Used to update current project’s input database with the changed STAAD.Pro output.
Set Column or Pedestal Dimension
Opens the Set Column Dimension dialog.
Add Self Weight and dead weight factor
Opens the Add Self Weight & Modify Dead Weight Factor dialog, which is used to toggle self weight for the selected or all load cases and to spec-ify self weight factors..
Enable Auto Save Toggles the auto save feature, which will remind you to save your project on a scheduled cycle if changes have been made.
Global Settings Opens the Global Settings dialog. Read Neutral File Opens the STAAD.foundation
Neu-tral File dialog, which is used to open a .XML data file.
Menu Item Description
Write Neutral File Opens theSTAAD.foundation Neu-tral File dialog, which is used to save a .XML data file.
Export Isolated Output Opens the STAAD.foundation Neu-tral File dialog, which is used to save an .XML data file containing
designed foundation sizes and rein-forcement information.
Move Selected Entities By… dialog
Used to move selected entities like support positions, beams and piles. Opens when Tools > Move Selected Entities… is selected.
Unit
Select a unit of length in which values will be given.
Delta X, Y, Z
Specify distances along any or all of the global axis. These values are the distance by which the object(s) will be moved.
OK
Closes the dialog and moves the selected entity by the specified values.
Cancel
Closes the dialog without moving the entity.
Mat Foundation modeling wizard
Used to rapidly model rectangular mat foundations. The wizard generates a new mat foundation job, with a rectangle boundary and mesh. This skips many
steps involved in Job Setup, creating a rectangular region, generating a mesh, and specifying slab properties.
Opens when:
l Tools > Rectangular Mat Wizard is selected, or
l the Rectangular Mat Modeling Wizard tool is selected.
Job Setup
Job Name
Used to uniquely identify each job. You can enter any string here.
Length Unit
Select a unit of length for all coordinates and lengths.
Default Unit Type
Used to setup default design parameters of the job. The program
supports both FPS and SI unit systems. You can select any combination of design code and default unit type. In other words user can choose US design code with SI unit system.
Design Code
Used to define concrete code to be used. Current version supports 5 country codes which are
l US - ACI 318-05 l Britain - BS 8110 l Indian - IS 456-2000 l Australian - AS 3600-2004 l Candian - CSA 23.3-04 l Chinese - GB50007-2002 Support Assignment
Used to assign supports to a job. There are three assignment methods
l Assign to All Supports - assigns all supports to new job.
l Assign to Selected Supports - assign all selected supports in the
main view to the current job.
Note: This selection must be made prior to opening the Mat
Foundation Modeling wizard.
Meshing
Meshing Type
Select a Quadrilateral or Triangle finite element shape.
Element Size
Specify a target element size, in the selected Length Unit.
Boundary Setup
X / Z Coordinate at Top left corner
Specify coordinates for X
1,Z1, in the selected Length Unit. This is the
top-left corner of the rectangle when viewed in plan (View From Top in the Trans Rotate toolbar). This locates the rectangular region in plan.
Length / Width
Specify the length (rectangle dimension parallel to the X axis) and width (rectangle dimension parallel to the Z axis), in the selected Length Unit, to define the size of the rectangular region.
Y Level
Specify an elevation (Y coordinate for all points in the rectangular region), in the selected Length Unit.
Slab Property
Analysis Thickness
Note: STAAD.foundation allows you to use different thickness for
analysis and design.
Design Thickness
Used to design the mat slab, in the selected Length Unit.
Subgrade Modulus
Modulus of elasticity of soil supporting the mat foundation, in the selected units.
Create
Creates a new mat foundation job with the specified rectangular mesh region and slab properties.
Cancel
Closes the wizard without creating a new mat foundation job.
Set Column Dimension dialog
Used to create column or pedestal objects.
Opens when Tools > Set Column or Pedestal Dimension is selected.
Consider Pedestal
Select this option if the object being created is to be considered as a pedestal.
Specify the cross-section type of the column: either rectangular or circular.
Unit
Select a unit of length in which values will be given.
Column Depth/Dia.
Provide the strong axis dimension of the column. If the Column Type is circular, this field is the diameter.
Column Width
Provide the weak axis dimension of the column. If the Column Type is circular, this field is not active.
Pedestal Height
If the column is to be considered as a pedestal, provide a pedestal height.
OK
Closes the dialog and creates the column object.
Cancel
Closes the dialog without creating any objects.
Add Self Weight & Modify Dead Weight Factor dialog
Used to toggle self weight for the selected or all load cases and to specify self weight factors. This self weight definition is only applicable for Mat foundation as the program does not add self weight of the mat slab by default. For other types of footing like isolated or combined footing program automatically adds self weight for all service load cases. This self weight definition may be used to override default self weight settings for load cases including dead loads.
Add self weight to mat foundations
1. Select Loads & Factors > Apply Self Weight from the Main Navigation pane.
or
Select Tools > Add Self Weight and dead weight factor.
The Add Self Weight & Modify Dead Weight Factor dialog opens containing a list of all load cases.
2. Select the Include check box for each load case to have Self Weight included.
Hint: At the bottom of the dialog there is a control to toggle the
selection of all load cases.
3. Specify a Factor by which to multiply the program-calculated self weight and/or dead weight.
This is set to unity (1) by default. Factor values will be used to for load combinations. For service load combinations self weight will be
multiplied by the corresponding factor of that load combination. This factor governs both the foundation self weight as well as the weight of soil above a mat foundation.
Hint: Self Weight and factors can also be set for individual load cases when
load cases are created or selected in the Load Description Tree.
Global Settings dialog
Used to set global defaults for STAAD.foundation designs and output.
Reinforcement Spacing Increment
For jobs with US code and English unit system (in inches) For other cases (in millimeters)
Dimension Display
Select either to Use Current Length Unit or Use Ft-In Unit for drawing output.
Top Reinforcement Option
Select to Always Calculate Top Reinforcement Based on Concrete and Soil Weight or to Calculate Top Reinforcement Only When Foundation is Subjected to Uplift Forces. The first option will always include top
reinforcement, where as the latter will omit it if the calculations indicate it is not necessary due to applied forces.
Ultimate Check Self weight Option
dead weight and buoyancy effect in concrete design check. This option is particularly useful when footing loses contact with the soil (uplift
condition), as the concrete design tends to be very non conservative without consideration of self weight.
Note: Using this option for concrete design might lead to failure for
a footing checked with set dimensions. With the inclusion of self weight, soil bearing pressure for concrete design load cases increases, thus leading to higher shear forces and bending moments.
OK
Saves the settings and closes the dialog.
Cancel
Closes the dialog without saving any settings.
Help menu
The Help menu contains items for using online help.
The Help menu contains the following items:
Menu Item Description Shortcut
Contents Opens the Help window to dis-play STAAD.foundation's Table of Contents.
What's New Opens the Help window to dis-play the What's New topic. Multi Media Help… Opens the STAAD.foundation
Tutorials page in your default web browser.
Tutorials <list> Contains a list of video tutorials that will open in Windows Media Player once selected.
Menu Item Description Shortcut
Online Resources > Product Infor-mation
Opens the STAAD.foundation product information page at Bentley.com in your default web browser.
Online Resources > Community
Opens the STAAD.foundation wiki page on the Be Com-munities web site in your default web browser. Online Resources >
OnDemand Sem-inars
Opens the Structural ondemand seminar offerings at Bentley.com in your default web browser. Online Resources >
Upcoming Events
Opens the Bentley current events schedule in your default web browser
Online Resources > Training
Opens the Structural training offerings at Bentley.com in your default web browser.
Online Resources > Technotes & FAQs
Opens the Structural Technotes and FAQs wiki page on the Be Communities web site in your default web browser.
Online Resource > Select Services
Opens the Bentley SELECT-services Center website in your default web browser. This page is used to contact technical sup-port in the event you have a question or other issue. Verification Manual Opens the STAAD.foundation
Verification Problems .PDF manual.
Note: You must have Adobe
Acrobat Reader or other software capable of reading .PDF files installed on you computer.
About STAAD.fou-ndation…
Opens the About STAAD.fou-ndation window in which infor-mation about the product is displayed.
About STAAD.foundation Window
Used to show information about STAAD.foundation. Opens when you select Help > About STAAD.foundation.
The following information is shown:
l STAAD.foundation version number
l registered user name, site or organization, and, if applicable,
SELECT-server host name.
l copyright information l trademark notice
OK
Closes the About STAAD.foundation window.
View "Read Me" Document
Opens the Read Me document for this release of STAAD.foundation V8i in your default web browser.
Note: You must have Adobe Acrobat Reader or other software
The Toolbars
STAAD.foundation offers a set of "dockable" and "floating" toolbars for quick access to frequently used commands. By default, the toolbar icons appear at the top of the STAAD.foundation screen immediately below the menu bar. You may, however, drag each toolbar and place it at any position on the screen (hence the term "floating"). In addition, if you drag a floating toolbar close to the edge of the screen, the toolbar gets embedded at the side the screen (hence the term "dockable"). The title of a "docked" toolbar is not displayed.
However, if you drag the toolbar and leave it "floating" on the screen, a title is displayed at the top of the toolbar.
Each toolbar icon offers tooltip help. If you are not sure what a toolbar icon does, place your mouse cursor over the toolbar icon for a moment and a floating help message appears to identify what the toolbar icon does.
Note: You can right-click any where on a toolbar to display the Toolbar
pop-up menu, which is used to access toolbar display controls. These controls can also be found on the View > Toolbars menu.
STAAD.foundation offers several toolbars, each of which contains several toolbar icons. The following toolbars are available:
Standard Toolbar
The Standard toolbox contains icons that enable quick access to commonly used pull-down menu items .
Selecting this icon Has the same effect as
choosing Result Shortcut
New Opens the Create
New Project dialog, which is used to create a file.
CTRL+N
Open File > Open… Opens an existing
file.
CTRL+O
Save File > Save Saves the current
open file.
Selecting this icon Has the same effect as
choosing Result Shortcut
Import STAAD.Pro File File > Import Imports reaction and geometry data from a STAAD.Pro model.
Import from Excel File > Import from Excel Opens the
STAAD.foundation Neutral File
dialog, with the file filter set for Microsoft Excel (.xls) files. See See "Import Foundation Input from Excel" on page 338 for additional information on this feature. Update STAAD Database Tools > Update STAAD
Database
Used to update cur-rent project’s
input database with the changed STAAD.Pro out-put.
Delete Edit > Delete Deletes the selected model object(s).
DELETE
Cut Deletes the
selected object(s) and copies it/them to the clipboard.
CTRL-X
Copy Copies the selected
object(s) to the clipboard.
CTRL-C
Paste Pastes the
con-tents of the clip-board.
CTRL-V
Undo Edit > Undo Undoes last
oper-ation.
Selecting this icon Has the same effect as
choosing Result Shortcut
Redo Edit > Redo Undoes last undo
operation.
CTRL+Y
Take Picture Takes a snapshot
of the Graphics Window for use in the Report Setup. Report Setup for
Printing
Opens the Report Setup dialog.
Print Preview File > Print Preview Opens the Print Preview window. Print File > Print… Opens the Print
dialog.
CTRL+P
Save Picture Opens the Save
Bit-map dialog, which is used to save cur-rent screen to bit-map picture file. About Help > About
STAAD.fou-ndation
Displays version and contact infor-mation for
STAAD.foundation. Context Sensitive Help Displays the help
topic related to the application win-dow which cur-rently has focus.
Selecting this icon Has the same effect as
choosing Result Shortcut
Active Job selection list Used to select a job from a list of jobs you have created for the active project. To change jobs, simply select the job you wish to change to from the drop-down list box.
If no jobs have been created for a project, the drop-down list box will be empty.
Load Case selection list Used to change load cases by selecting from a list of load cases available in the active project. To change load cases, simply select the load case you wish to change to from the drop-down list box.
If no load cases have been created for a project, the drop-down list box will be empty. Move Selected Entities Tools > Move Selected
Enti-ties
Opens the Move Selected Entities by… dialog, which is used to move selected model objects by a spec-ified value.
Selecting this icon Has the same effect as
choosing Result Shortcut
Translational Repeat Opens the Trans-lational Repeat dialog.
Set Column Dimension Tools > Set Column or Ped-estal Dimension
Opens the Set Col-umn Dimension dialog.
Add Self Weight Tools > Add Self Weight Opens the Add Self Weight & Modify Dead Weight Fac-tor dialog.
Add Circular Pressure Load
Used to specify a circular load by clicking the center and then the radius. The Add Circular Pressure Load dialogopens to provide load details. Add Rectangular Pressure Load Used to specify a circular load by clicking and drag-ging a rectangular window. The Add Rectangular Pres-sure Load dialog opens to provide load details. Add Point Load on Space Used to add point
loads. The Add Point Load dialog opens to provide load details. Add Column Reaction
Load
Used to add point loads due to col-umn reactions. The Add Reaction Load dialogopens to provide load details.
