DEVELOPMENT OF VISAKHAPTANAM-KAKINADA
PETROLEUM, CHEMICALS AND PETROCHEMICAL
INVESTMENT REGION (VK-PCPIR) AT
VISAKHAPATNAM & EAST GODAVARI DISTRICTS
ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA
Submitted by
VK PCPIR SDA
9th Floor, Udyog Bhavan Complex, Siripuram Junction,
Visakhapatnam 530 003.
Prepared by
Environment Protection Training and Research Institute (EPTRI) Survey No. 91/4, Gachibowli,
CONTENT Chapter/
Section No.
Description Page No.
1. Executive Summary 1
2 Introduction of The Project 6
2.1 Identification of the Project 6
2.2 Brief description about the Project 7
2.3 Project details 8
2.4 Employment Generation 9
3 Project Description 10
3.1 Type of project including interlinked and interdependent projects, if any
10 3.2 Location (Map Showing general location, specific
location and project boundary with project layout) with coordinates
11
3.3 Details of Alternate Sites considered and the basis of selecting the proposed site, particularly the environmental considerations gone into should be highlighted
13
3.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation 14
3.5 Resource Optimization/recycling and reuse envisaged in the project
15 3.6 Availability of Water, Its Source, Energy / Power
Requirement & Source Water requirement
16
3.6.1 Water Requirement 16
3.6.2 Power Requirement 17
3.7 Quantity of Wastes to Be Generated (Liquid and Solid) and Scheme for Their Management/Disposal
18 3.8 Schematic representations of the feasibility drawing
which give information of EIA purpose
19
4 Site Analysis 20
4.1 Connectivity 20
4.2 Landform, Land use & Land ownership 22
4.3 Existing Land use Pattern 23
4.4 Environmental Sensitivity 23
4.5 Existing Infrastructure 23
4.6 Soil Classification 24
4.7 Climatic data from Secondary sources 25
5 Planning Brief 26
5.1 Planning Concept (type of industries, facilities, transportation etc) town and country planning/development authority classification
26
6 Proposed Infrastructure 27
7 Rehabilitation And Resettlement (R&R) Plan 28
8 Project Schedule & Cost Estimates 30
Chapter/ Section No.
Description Page No.
9 Analysis of Proposal (Final recommendations) 31 9.1 Financial and Social Benefits with Special
Emphasis on the Benefit to the Local People Including Tribal Population, If Any, In the Area.
31
TABLE
Table No. Description Page No.
3.1 Proposed Land use in VK-PCPIR 14
4.1 Land use breakup 21
FIGURE
Table No. Description Page No.
1.1 Present Locations of PCPIRS to be Promoted in India 3
2.1 Location map of VK-PCPIR 6
2.2 Demarcation of VK-PCPIR cluster 7
2.3 Processing and Non Processing Area with industries 9
3.1 Survey of India Toposheet 12
3.2 Mandals of VK-PCPIR area 13
3.3 Overall EIA Methodology for the proposed project 19
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Government of Andhra Pradesh proposes to develop the Visakhapatnam Kakinada - Petroleum, Chemical and Petrochemical Investment Region (VK - PCPIR) Project spread over 640 sq.km (~158147.444 acres / 64000 hectares) covering processing and non processing zones/areas within the coastal stretch of the state between Visakhapatnam and East Godavari Districts of Andhra Pradesh State through its nodal agency Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation Ltd. (APIIC). GoAP has also constituted a Special Development Authority (VK‐PCPIR SDA) in accordance with the Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development) Act, 1975, which is chaired by the Managing Director, APIIC.
Initially an area of 603.58 sq.km was notified for development of VK-PCPIR project, keeping 40% of area allocation for processing and 60% for non-processing as per PCPIR Policy. VKPCPIR SDA has revised the area to 640 sq.km to have contiguity in the project boundary. Being a Developmental Planning Project it attracts the provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 and its amendments and also Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 2019.
As per the EIA Notification, Petroleum, Chemical and Petrochemical Investment Region project is an Industrial Estate (IE) mainly concentrating on petroleum-based industries and categorized as 7 (c) in the Schedule under 'Category A'. In order to obtain environmental clearance from statutory authorities, EIA study was carried out as per approved Terms of Reference (ToR) by Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) in the EAC meeting held during 21st-23rd September 2011 and ToR issued in the meeting held on 21st -22nd April 2014 vide file no. 21-8/2011-IA.III dated 16th July 2014.
Based on the ToR, environmental baseline monitoring was carried out covering 10 km radial distance surrounding the project site during summer and winter seasons and 25 km radial distance during post-monsoon season in the year 2011-2012. Draft EIA and EMP report was submitted to APPCB for conducting Public hearing on October 2014. The paper notification was given on 17th November 2014 for conducting the public hearing at Tahasildar Office, Nakkapalli Mandal of Visakhapatnam district on 18th December 2014. However due to certain problems like state re-organization and Hud-Hud cyclone the public hearing was cancelled, so
the final EIA and EMP report was not submitted to MoEF&CC for obtaining Environmental Clearance.
As the validity of ToR expired by 16th July 2014 and validity of the Environmental baseline data has also expired for submission of EIA and EMP report for public consultation, a fresh ToR has to be obtained from MoEF&CC for carrying out the EIA & EMP study. VKPCPIR SDA is, therefore, submitting proposal for the Amendment of ToR for the Development of Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (VK-PCPIR) at Visakhapatnam – Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh, India.
Considering this VKPCPIR SDA is submitting the proposal to MoEF&CC for obtaining amendment of ToR.
Introduction
The Government of India (GoI) announced a Policy for Promotion of Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Regions (PCPIRs) in 2007. Accordingly, Government of Andhra Pradesh (GoAP) intends to promote a Petroleum, Chemicals & Petrochemical Investment Region. VK‐PCPIR is one of the six PCPIRs planned to be promoted in India. Figure 1.1 presents locations of PCPIRs planned to be promoted in India.
The proposal for Visakhapatnam‐Kakinada PCPIR (VK‐PCPIR) submitted by GoAP in March 2008 as per PCPIR Policy guidelines was approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), GoI, in its meeting held on February 23, 2009. Subsequently, a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) was signed between GoI) and the GoAP outlining the commitments towards establishing this PCPIR on October 1, 2009. Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation (APIIC) is the nodal agency for managing implementation of VK‐PCPIR. However, the GoAP also constituted a Special Development Authority (VK‐PCPIR SDA) in accordance with the Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development) Act, 1975, which is chaired by the Managing Director, APIIC.
Site description:
Name of the Project Development of Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (VK-PCPIR) at Visakhapatnam – Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh, India. Land Area 640 sq.km (64000 ha)
Survey Numbers Enclosed as annexure-I in Form-1.
Land Coordinates VK-PCPIR falls in the geographical area with northern side left corner at 83°15’56.198”E, 17°42’01.897”N, right corner 82°14’23.959”E, 17°41’30.536”N while southern side left corner at 82°15’38.213”E, 16°59’01.055”N and right corner at 83°13’52.973”E 16°58’30.991”N.
Total No. of villages in the vicinity
97 Revenue villages across parts of 10 Mandals of Visakhapatnam and East Godavari Districts (7 mandals of Visakhapatnam District and 3 mandals of East Godavari District)
Nearest Town Visakhapatnam, Nakkapalli, Kakinada, Tuni, Anakapalli, Pithapuram & Samalkota
Nearest Railway Station South Central Railway Trunk Line East Coast Railway Trunk Line Nearest Airport Visakhapatnam & Rajahmundry
Nearest Highway NH-16, NH-216, NH-26, SH-97, SH-39, SH-40
Nearest Sea ports Visakhapatnam port, Kakinada Deep Water Port & Gangavaram Port, proposed KSEZ Port
Employment generated Total employment generated is 6.4 lakhs by 2031. Out of which 3 lakhs from Visakhapatnam Zone, 2.3 lakhs from Kakinada zone and 1.1 lakhs from Nakkapalli.
Type of Industries proposed
(a) Industrial clusters –JNPC Pharma City, Duppituru, Krishnapalem, Parawada Phase‐I, Parawada Phase‐II, Pudi, Thammavaram, Vakalpudi. HNPCL, BARC, Divis Laboratories.
(b) SEZs – APSEZ at Atchutapuram, Brandix SEZ, Pharma SEZ (JNPC), Hetero Drugs Pharma SEZ, Kakinada SEZ, Deccan Chemical SEZ,
(c) Other major industries – Visakhapatnam Steel Plant (RINL), NTPC, Coromondel Industries Limited, Spectrum, Power Plant (SPGL), HNPCL, BARC, Divis Labs,
Estimated Cost of the Project
Capital investment for VK-PCPIR , 2031 is Rs.19,159 Crores
Green Belt Area The individual units should keep 33% of the allotted area as green area. A green belt development plan will be made based on the local tree spaces/vegetation.
VKPCPIR-SDA initiated the process of environmental clearance for the project at Visakhapatnam, Nakkapalli and Kakinada, with an area of 64000 hectares (640 sq.km) with certain locations having existing industries and proposed industries which have already obtained Environmental Clearance (EC) from MoEF. Even few of the existing industries are planning to expand their capacities.
MoEF&CC may consider the proposal of utilizing the existing Post Project Environmental Monitoring (PPEM) and Base Line Data (BLD) of both Terrestrial and Marine Environment of VK-PCPIR study area during preparation of EIA report. This may be considered as the BLDs were generated for all the existing industries for 10km radius from their project boundary for getting the Environmental clearance and half yearly PPEM will be carried out for submitting the EC compliance. Apart from the above secondary data, Environmental Baseline monitoring will be carried out within 10km radius of the project site for one season. MoEF&CC is requested to permit to utilize the secondary data along with one season Environmental Baseline monitoring for preparation of EIA and EMP report.
The project is considered as Industrial estate based on the EIA Guidance Manual for Industrial Estates in which “PCPIR is considered as one of the Industrial Estate” by Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoEF). Considering this, the Development of Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (VK-PCPIR) at Visakhapatnam – Kakinada, falls under Category “A” in Item 7 (C) (Industrial estates/parks/ complexes/areas, Export Processing Zones (EPZs), Special Economic Zones (SEZs), Biotech Parks, Leather Complexes) as per EIA Notification of Sept.14, 2006 of the schedule and its amendments as the area of the project is above 500 ha.
INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT /
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
2.1. Identification of the Project
Government of India has recommended and approved VK-PCPIR as one of the six, Petroleum, Chemical and Petrochemical driven regions in the country VK-PCPIR, being the largest PCPIR having an area of 640 sq.km, has a greater responsibility towards the national vision in balancing the targeted manufacturing growth with inclusivity and sustainability. Location map of the project is shown in Figure 2.1.
Figure 2.1: Location map of VK-PCPIR
2.2. Brief description about the Project
VK-PCPIR spreads over an area of 640 sq.km(64000 ha) encompasses 97 revenue villages across parts of 10 mandals of Visakhapatnam and East Godavari Districts (7 Mandals of Visakhapatnam District and 3 Mandals in East Godavari District). Since the PCPIR is proposed along coastal stretch of 640 km across two districts, it is zoned in the following manner for efficient conceptualization, planning, development and management.
Visakhapatnam Zone (North Zone): Visakhapatnam District comprising existing and upcoming industrial based close to Visakhapatnam City and the seaports at Visakhapatnam and Gangavaram.
Nakkapalli Zone (Central Zone): The Proposed Visakhapatnam District equidistant between the North Zone and South Zone with immense potential for industrial development.
Kakinada Zone (South Zone): Proposed in East Godavari District close to KG basin, comprising the existing/ proposed industrial belt in Kakinada and Kakinada Port and close to the urban centre of Kakinada.
All the three zones (clusters) of the PCPIR is planned with integrated non-processing areas to serve the residential, commercial, education, health recreation and social infrastructure requirements of the PCPIR. A map showing the demarcation of clusters in VKPCPIR project is given in Figure 2.2
2.3. Project details
In accordance with the PCPIR Policy of Government of India, a minimum of 40-45% of the total designated area of PCPIR needs to be planned as “processing area” and the rest as “non-processing area”. The components included as part of Processing and Non Processing areas are:
Processing Area
The Processing Area of 275.3 sq.km includes the following:
a) Manufacturing areas including Industrial estates/area, SEZs, FTZs, EPZs, Power Plants, Other large and mega industrial complexes and Industrial R&D Institutions; and
b) Logistics facilities including landward side of the major and minor ports, airports, container terminals, truck terminals, logistic hubs and warehousing areas, service corridors and utilities including Expressways, Railways and Utility Corridors.
Non-Processing Area
The balance Non Processing Area of 364.70 sq.km includes the following:
a) Residential areas such as planned townships, village settlements and expansion areas;
b) Institutional areas including knowledge hubs;
c) Public and semi‐ public facilities, tourism and recreational areas and other support social infrastructure;
d) Connectivity infrastructure and any other support requirements for the Processing Area and Non Processing Area; and
e) Other areas including hills, forests, water bodies, marshy lands, agriculture, plantation, wastelands, saltpans, aquaculture areas, etc.
The delineation of Processing and Non Processing Area with industries is shown in Figure 2.3.
Figure 2.3 Processing and Non Processing Area with industries. 2.4. Employment Generation
The present employment in 566 large and mega industries is about 36000. The future employment forecast is 6.4 lakhs by 2031 where Visakhapatnam PCPIR Zone likely to generate nearly 3 lakhs, followed by Kakinada PCPIR Zone (2.3 lakhs) and Nakkapalli PCPIR Zone (1.1 lakhs).
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1. Type of project including interlinked and interdependent projects, if any.
Interlinked Project:
Visakhapatnam Chennai Industrial Corridor (VCIC), part of East Coast Economic Corridor (ECEC), is the first coastal economic corridor in the country. It is aligned with the golden quadrilateral and covers more than 800 kilometers of the coastline in the State of Andhra Pradesh. VCIC is poised to play a critical role in driving India’s economy and to further integrate the Indian economy with the dynamic global production network of East and Southeast Asia.
VCIC is divided into following nodes: i. Visakhapatnam Node
ii. Kakinada Node
iii. Gannavaram-Kankipadu Node iv. Yerpedu-Srikalahasthi Node
Out of the four nodes, Visakhapatnam node of VCIC is part of VK-PCPIR, Visakhapatnam Zone. The node has two operating ports, each with a container terminal and multiple bulk-handling terminals, and is home to the largest airport in the State providing air connectivity to domestic and international destinations.
Vizag hosts a number of different industries - mainly around the major industrial clusters of Atchutapuram and Nakkapalli. The major industries and clusters include Atchutapuram SEZ, Brandix India Apparel City, Divi’s labs, Hetero Drugs, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation, Jawaharlal Nehru Pharma City (Ramky), National Thermal Power Corporation, and Visakhapatnam Steel Plant.
These projects are in the various stages of obtaining Environmental Clearance.
State Environmental Clearance was obtained for Industrial Park, Krishnampalem vide Order No.SEIAA /AP/ VSP/ CON/ 04/ 2016/ 80/ dt.26.05.2017.
Terms of Reference was obtained from EAC of MoEF&CC for Industrial Park, Nakkapalli Vide F.No.21-140/2018-IA.III dt.12th June 2019.Proposed Project:
The proposed VK-PCPIR at Visakhapatnam-Kakinada is considered as Brownfield project, as land has been allocated to Government facilitated parks (in direct SPV or private mode) such as JNPC, Brandix SEZ, Ramky SEZ and APSEZ with building of petrochemicals, fine and specialty chemicals and engineering industries in Visakhapatnam Zone. Nakkapalli Zone with Hetero Drugs SEZ, a cluster of pharmaceutical units, and remaining area having a few scattered units in food processing and engineering sectors. Kakinada Zone has evolved a mix of food processing (edible oil refineries), chemical industries, engineering industries and logistics. However, it is not an interlinked or interdependent project.
It is a specifically delineated Investment region with an area of around 640sq.km area planned for the establishment of manufacturing facilities for domestic and export led production in petroleum, chemical and petrochemicals along with the associated services and infrastructure. Some of the industries and SEZ in the PCPIR area have obtained Environmental Clearance individually
3.2. Map Showing general location, specific location and project boundary with project layout with coordinates
The total geographical area of VK-PCPIR is 640 sq.kms. The delineated area for VK-PCPIR falls in the geographical area with northern side left corner at 83°15'56.198"E, 17°42'01.897"N, right corner 82°14'23.959"E, 17°41'30.536"N while southern side left corner at 82°15'38.213"E, 16°59'01.055"N and right corner at 83°13'52.973"E 16°58'30.991"N. Figure 3.1 presents the project boundary on Survey of India Topographic map. VK-PCPIR spreads along a coastal stretch of 140 km across Visakhapatnam and East Godavari Districts.
Figure 3.1Survey of India Toposheet
VK-PCPIR Area spread over 640 sq.km., encompassing 97 revenue villages across parts of 7 Mandals - Pedagantyada, Parawada, Atchutapuram, Rambilli, S.Rayavaram, Nakkapalli and Payakaraopeta - falling under Visakhapatnam District and 3 Mandals - U. Kothapalli, Thondangi and Kakinada Rural - in East Godavari District. The Mandals falling in Visakhapatnam District and East Godavari District in VK-PCPIR area is shown in Figure 3.2.
Figure 3.2 Mandals of VK-PCPIR area
3.3. Details of alternate sites considered and the basis of selecting the proposed site, particularly the environmental considerations.
While planning for the PCPIR in context of the existing and potential developments in the region, it was conceived that the region cannot be planned in isolation and restricted to the notified villages. It thus becomes essential to understand the region’s importance, location, its linkages with its immediate region and the impact of regional development on the development and growth of the PCPIR. Considering this, an Immediate Influence area (IIA) of PCPIR was delineated considering functional linkages of the PCPIR with respect to inter-dependency for work, recreation, social infrastructure facilities, existing and potential connectivity, potential position of PCPIR in the context of the extended VMR area.
Transport linkages of PCPIR with surrounding region and the existence of urban growth centers, which are anticipated as future employment areas linked with the PCPIR development. The project area is well connected by
road, rail, air and sea ports. It is on the 'Golden Quadrilateral' with the NH-16 connecting it to Kolkata in the North and Chennai in the South.
Apart from this the location has been selected considering various factors such as: Proximity to sea ports, air ports, National Highways, including the Golden
Quadrilateral
Land availability – most of the land is already acquired Existing & proposed industrial developments
Natural gas discoveries in Krishna-Godavari Basin (KG Basin) Availability of credible anchor tenants
Name & Type of Industries which are adjacent to the first Industry
HPCL with its existing Visakha Refinery at Visakhapatnam and its expansion plans and its proposed petrochemical project at Visakhapatnam
ONGC with its proposed refinery at Kakinada Proximity to sea for treated effluents marine disposal Presence of five Notified SEZs
Andhra Pradesh Special Economic Zones (APSEZ) at Atchutapuram, Visakhapatnam
Brandix Apparel and Textile SEZ at Atchutapuram, Visakhapatnam Pharma SEZ at Lemarthi, Visakhapatnam
Hetero Pharma SEZ at Nakkapalli Kakinada SEZ at Kakinada
Deccan Chemical SEZ Availability of social infrastructure
The strategic location of VK‐PCPIR between Visakhapatnam and Kakinada on the eastern coast of India makes it a highly desirable place for petroleum, petro‐chemical, metals, fertilizers, and other related downstream industries. Hence, No, Alternative site was identified for VK-PCPIR project.
3.4. Size or Magnitude of Operation
The proposed land use area of VK‐PCPIR SDA covers 64,000 ha, of the total geographical area in the proposed land use area 67% is developed area out of which Visakhapatnam zone contributes 41% of the developed area followed by 14% in Nakkapalli zone and 12% in Kakinada zone. The developed area includes area under residential, commercial, industrial, public and semi‐public, recreational and
public utilities and transportation. Industry accounts for the highest share of land use with over 40.9% of the area, followed by residential use with 18.5 % of the area and transportation 7.6% of the total area.
The non‐developed area under VKPCPIR is 33.3% in which Visakhapatnam zone constitute 11.8%, Kakinada zone 11% and Nakkapalli zone 10%. It covers agriculture land, wet land, waste lands and protected zones including forests, water bodies, CRZ and HT Power transmission corridors. Agriculture use account for over 21.18% of the total area. The proposed and existing land use in VK-PCPIR is given in Table 3.1.
Table No.3.1 Proposed Land Use in VK‐PCPIR S.no Land Use Existing
Land Use Percentage of Area Proposed Land Use Percentage of Area 1 Residential 3471.23 5.42 7794.37 12.18 2 Commercial 117.81 0.18 243.25 0.38 3 Industrial 24121.28 37.69 26211.93 40.96 4 Public and Semipublic 213.09 0.33 568.28 0.89 5 Recreational 684.46 1.07 1079.97 1.69 6 Public Utilities & Facility 377.53 0.59 414.14 0.65 7 Mixed Land Use 11.09 0.02 1481.99 2.32 8 Agriculture 24765.16 38.70 13553.13 21.18 9 Transportation 1954.35 3.05 4867.4 7.61 10 Forest 1224.15 1.91 1224.15 1.91 11 Water Bodies 3790.25 5.92 3790.25 5.92 12 Wastelands 3269.61 5.11 2771.13 4.33 Total 64000 100 64000 100
3.5. Resource Optimization/recycling and reuse envisaged in the project
Petroleum Refining is the central activity, its upstream backward linkage is exploration and production sector (for crude oil and gas) and its downstream forward linkage is the chemical and petrochemical sector, where refinery’s various output products serve as input to other industrial sectors. While some of refinery’s output products (viz. gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and LPG) reach directly to the consumer, the chemical and petrochemical industry’s output mostly provides inputs to various ancillary and auxiliary industries.
Traditionally, upstream, midstream and downstream industries are marginally different from an efficiency perspective. Changing processes of technology and their integration is essential. Integrated processes that can use the existing infrastructure to deliver ‘everything as a service’ will transform operating costs and efficiencies. The results are in form of improved operating margins and a long term performance-attractive proposition for foreign investors – and decreased dependency on external subsidies and support. Such strategy is envisaged to be adopted in the master planning stage and considered throughout the industrial development lifecycle – planning, designing, building and operating.
Petrochemical products find applications across many sectors of the Indian economy and present in every sphere of modern life. Use of petrochemical products has multiple benefits both for the individual and the society at large by improving the quality of life, particularly for developing countries like India. Value addition in the petrochemical industry is very high – higher than most other industry sectors.
Considering this, VK-PCPIR SDA is supporting industries to utilize new green technology to protect from future pollution under development regulations. It is also promoting green technologies in industrial operations, infrastructure management, transportation system, water supply, waste management system etc.
3.6. Availability of Water, Its Source, Energy / Power Requirement & Source Water requirement
3.6.1. Water requirement
The physical infrastructure for water is designed based on spot to spot demand. Demand for water has been estimated based on the proposed land use considering industrial, residential and floating population. Mechanisms for recycling and reusing water from STPs and CETPs were also considered while estimating the net demand.
Based upon the industrial, residential, commercial (employment), horticulture and fire fighting demand the gross water demand for the PCPIR area has been worked out.For working out gross water demand the following losses are taken into account:
i. Losses in distribution system: 15 percent as per CPHEEO manual ii. Treatment losses: 3 percent.
iii. Transmission losses based upon the distance from source: 2 to 4 percent the gross water demand
Based on the estimates and sources water supply network has been proposed for the three zones as given below.
S N o Name of Water Production Zone Industrial demand, mld Dome‐ stic Deman d, mld Horti culture Deman d, mld Fire fighting Deman d, mld Total demand, mld Recycl ed water consi‐d ered, mld Net fresh water demand , mld Distribut ion losses, mld Dem. Incl. Treat. & trans. losses, mld Dem. Incl. 1 Visakhapat nam Zone 979.50 71.31 76.16 4.24 1131.21 135.86 995.35 1030.25 1106.37 2 Nakkapalli Zone 117.49 24.98 95.76 2.36 240.58 59.40 181.19 211.87 223.98 3 Kakinada Zone 434.56 34.29 20.32 4.88 494.05 45.27 448.77 462.11 483.66 Total 1531.55 130.57 192.24 11.48 1865.84 240.53 1625.31 1704.23 1814.00
Source: Master Plan
Sources: Yeleru Canal and other sources that supply to Visakhapatnam city, Trunk water supply system identifies treated water from GVMC and Polavaram canal for Visakhapatnam zone, Polavaram canal and Godavari for Nakkapalli zone, Godavari and Samalkota canal for Kakinada zone. Water supply network including treatment system provided for new industrial clusters viz. APSEZ expansion, Nakkapalli and Payakaropeta industrial clusters. 3.6.2. Power requirement
Electrical Power is very crucial for the development of any Industrial Areas. Industrial growth rate depends on the availability of un-interrupted power supply in the region. The availability of existing power and other infrastructures like EHV sub-stations, HV Sub-stations, distribution network is studied and power demand for the upcoming industries and townships/population is estimated with proposal for new power plants, EHV/HV/MV transmission lines and sub-stations. The estimated total power for 2031 is as follows:
Industrial Power Demand – 4800 MW
Residential sector – 885.50 MW
Agricultural Demand – 5.0 MW
To meet the future load growth of industrial nature, domestic and other nature of loads two 765/440/220 KV substations, three 400/220/132KV sub stations, 9 No’s
220/132KV sub stations, 23 No’s 132/33KV sub stations and nearly 80 No’s 33/11KV sub stations are proposed for the future.
3.7. Quantity of Waste Generation (Liquid and Solid) and Scheme for Their Management/Disposal
Liquid waste Generation:
Wastewater estimate is based on the water supply demand from residential and industrial areas. The total wastewater generated from the project area is about 230 MLD out of which about 168 MLD is generated from the industries and the balance flow of 62 MLD is generated from the residential area. CETPs and STPs are designed for treating industrial and domestic wastewater respectively.
Solid waste generation:
Solid waste management is a major component of infrastructural proposals. The type of waste expected in the VK-PCPIR is Industrial solid waste, Bio‐medical waste, E‐waste and Municipal solid waste.
Based on the existing waste generation standards, projected quantity of hazardous waste from industrial is estimated as 210 LMT, Biomedical is 0.1 LMT and e-waste is 0.1 LMT for the year 2031. The domestic waste generation is estimated 455T per day by 2031 as against current generation of 77T per day. The total waste generated is 19 LMT. Of the total waste generated, 26% is recyclable and the rest is sent to land‐fill or incineration. This will require a Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF) for scientific disposal. As per relevant rules (Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016; Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016; Bio-medical waste management Rules 2016 and e-waste management Rules 2016) for its safe disposal.
3.8. Schematic representations of the feasibility drawing which give information for EIA purpose
The methodology for carrying out an EIA study involves several key and interlinked activities and it is illustrated in the flowchart shown below:
Figure 3.3 Overall EIA Methodology for the proposed project Project Initial Meeting and Reconnaissance
Survey
Preparation and submission of Form-1, Proposed ToR and Pre Feasibility Report to EAC for obtaining ToR.
Base Line Data Generation / Collection
Secondary Data from
Indian Meteorological Department or APSRAC (Andhra Pradesh State Remote Sensing Application Center) Revenue Department
Agriculture Department Forest Department Fisheries Department Ground water Department Census Department
Primary Survey
Physical Environment
Meteorological data, Air Quality, Traffic study, Water, Noise environment, Hydrology, Hydro-geological conditions, land environment.
Biological Environment
Density & diversity, list of flora and fauna in the study area.
Socio-economic Environment-
Land utilization and land use pattern, Socio-economic situation and its impacts.
Prediction of Environmental Impacts
The possible impact on local Environmental conditions: Air Water Land Noise Health Social Traffic
Assessment of Impacts and Risk Assessment and DMP will be carried
Submission of draft EIA and EMP report along with English and Telugu Executive Summary to VK-PCPIR SDA
te
Submission of Final EIA & EMP report to EAC with PH proceedings for obtaining Environmental Clearance
Public Hearing (PH)
Grant of EC
After Scrutiny of VK-PCPIR final Draft EIA and EMP report along with English and Telugu Executive Summary will be submitted to APPCB for conducting Public Hearing
SITE ANALYSIS
4.1. Connectivity
The project area is well connected by road, rail, air and sea ports.
Roadway: It is on the 'Golden Quadrilateral' with the NH‐16 connecting it to Kolkata in the North and Chennai in the South. Many State Highways and port connector roads are connect to this National Highway. There are three National Highways in the vicinity of PCPIR. State Highways (SH) and Major District Roads (MDR) act as arterial roads to access the National Highways and the other transport nodes such as rail and ports.
Railway: The Chennai - Howrah main line of Indian railways traverses close to the VK-PCPIR with rail sidings to Visakhapatnam Port, Gangavarm Port, Kakinada Port, NTPC and Visakhapatnam Steel Plant. VK‐ PCPIR at Kakinada is served by a broad gauge loop line connecting Kakinada Port and the main rail line at Samalkota.
Air ports: Air connectivity to the PCPIR is through airports at Visakhapatnam and Rajahmundry. The airport in Visakhapatnam is a naval base airport while the Rajahmundry airport is a civilian airport. The majority of the traffic from these airports is passenger traffic. The airport in Visakhapatnam is 7 km from city on NH-5. The airport in Rajahmundry is 18 km to north of Rajahmundry City on SH-16 leading to Gokavaram.
Seaports: VK‐PCPIR has the advantage of being served by three major ports of Visakhapatnam, Gangavaram, and Kakinada port.
The promotion of transport strategy with respect to logistic hubs in and around the project area is as follows.
There are two new ports expected to be developed within the project area of VK-PCPIR. One of these ports will be a dedicated port for Kakinada SEZ which is being developed for Petroleum and petrochemical based industries. This port is being developed by Kakinada SEZ Pvt. Ltd. The second port is likely to be located near Nakkapalli and it will be a minor port, which will cater for national and regional logistics needs besides catering for the project area as a long term option. It is
proposed to develop broad gauge rail connectivity to AP SEZ, Kakinada SEZ, and HNPCL to improve logistic movement in the project area. A dedicated RoW for the rail connectivity is being reserved to provide the rail connectivity along with rail yard areas for these existing and new industrial sites.
These logistic hubs are connected through arterial roads to NH-16 and Ports through PCPIR Expressway Arterial connectors having dedicated RoW of 45m to 60m.
Internal Connectivity:
Internal road network in industrial clusters provided with adequate RoWs of hierarchies ranging from 45m, 30m, 24m and 18m. Escape routes identified in each industrial cluster in case of any fire disaster. Roads proposed are of various types and hierarchy to meet various types of travel demand requirements such as:
a. Access Roads to provide access to properties along side of the road for the delivery of goods or passengers within the VK‐PCPIR.
b. Local Roads to meet shorter trip length and trips of local in nature ‐ intra VK‐PCPIR and intra‐regional in nature.
c. Through Corridors to carry traffic which has no business in the VK‐PCPIR or immediate proximity.
d. Part of the road space is often required for placing utility which are used by service vehicles required for maintenance of the utilities.
4.2. Land form, Land use & Land ownership
The proposed land use in VK‐PCPIR by 2031. About 67% of the total area of VK‐PCPIR is likely to be developed area remaining as non‐developed area. The non‐developed area includes agriculture land, wet lands, waste lands and protected zones including forests, water bodies, CRZ and HT Power transmission corridors. Agriculture use account for over 21.18% of the total area. The developed area includes area under residential, commercial, industrial, public and semi‐public, recreational and public utilities and transportation. Industry accounts for the highest share of land use over 40.9% of the area, followed by residential use. Transportation use account for over 7.6% of the total area.
Table 4.1 Land use breakup
Visakhapatnam Zone Nakkapalli Zone Kakinada Zone
Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Sl. No
Land use Area (ha) total Zone Area
(ha)
total Zone Area
(ha)
total Zone
Area Area Area
1 Residential 5254.27 15.71% 1317.14 8.33% 1222.97 8.30% 2 Commercial 160.52 0.48% 60.61 0.38% 22.12 0.15% 3 Public and Semipublic 396.44 1.19% 104.30 0.66% 67.54 0.46% 4 Recreational 692.70 2.07% 319.99 2.02% 67.28 0.46% 5 Public Utilities & Facility 272.20 0.81% 120.82 0.76% 21.12 0.14% 6 Agriculture 2530.92 7.57% 4601.88 29.09% 6420.33 43.59% 7 Mixed landuse 840.65 2.51% 559.25 3.54% 82.08 0.56% 8 Transportation 1939.18 5.80% 1098.20 6.94% 698.37 4.74% 9 Forest 1224.15 3.66% 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 10 Water Bodies 2284.00 6.83% 914.21 5.78% 592.03 4.02% 11 Wastelands 1510.66 4.52% 1233.72 7.80% 26.75 0.18% Total Non‐Processing Area 17,105.70 17,105.71 51.14% 10,330.12 65.30% 9,220.60 12 Industrial Clusters/ SEZs/Other Industries 15,743.07 47.06% 5,125.62 32.40% 5,343.24 36.28% 13 Expressway 306.35 0.92% 269.35 1.70% 165.17 1.12% 14 Transport & Logistics 295.76 0.88% 95.02 0.60% 0 0.00% Total Processing Area 16,345.19 16,345.18 48.86% 5,489.99 34.70% 5,508.41 Total Area 33,450.89 33,450.89 100.00% 15,820.11 100.00% 14,729.00
4.3. Existing land and vegetation
Existing land use of VK-PCPIR area includes already approved development permissions issued for residential, industrial, commercial and other uses; and Proposed and committed land use including residential, industrial, public and semi‐public, tourism and recreational, transportation and logistics use, power transmission lines and so forth. They also consist of areas that are left green for currently existing or developing woodlands/ plantations/ incidental greens for environmental safeguards.
4.4. Environmental Sensitivity
The environmentally sensitive areas within 15 km radius of the VK-PCPIR area are given below:
o Coringa sanctuary and Kondakarla Bird sanctuary.
o Five Reserve forests located within Vishakhapatnam PCPIR Zone - Panchadarla RF, Dopperla RF, Nadupuru RF, Rambilli RF and Pudimadaka RF - with a total area of 1218 hectares.
o The area occupied by water bodies is 3790.25 ha and wet lands is 887.51 ha. A width of 100 m on either side of water bodies and wet lands will be designated as “No intervention area”.
o Existing Naval base and proposed alternative Naval base are part of the VK- PCPIR.
o Visakhapatnam falls in Zone II and Kakinada falls under Zone-III as per the Seismic Zoning of India.’
4.5. Existing Infrastructure
VK-PCPIR has at present (as on December 2011) 566 large and mega industries.Currently, the Project Area has many industrial clusters, SEZs, and other mega industries as under:
a. Industrial clusters –JNPC Pharma City, Duppituru, Krishnapalem, Parawada Phase-I, Parawada Phase-II, Pudi, Thammavaram, Vakalpudi.
b. SEZs – APSEZ at Atchutapuram, Brandix SEZ, Pharma SEZ (JNPC), Hetero Drugs Pharma SEZ, Kakinada SEZ
c. Other major industries – Visakhapatnam Steel Plant (RINL), NTPC, Coromondel Industries Limited, Spectrum Power Plant (SPGL)
In addition to the mentioned mega industries, industrial clusters and SEZs, several industrial projects and investments are committed to be developed in VK-PCPIR. For instance, APIIC has committed to expand APSEZ near Atchutapuram, develop industrial clusters near Nakkapalli and Payakaraopeta. Besides, other major committed investments in VK-PCPIR include NTPC- Simhadri Power Plant, Hinduja Power Plant, Kakinada SEZ including Refinery Project (15 MMTA) promoted by Kakinada SEZ Pvt. Ltd, Refinery Project by B.R Shetty Group (15 MMTA), AMERIND Refinery Project (8 MMTA), Food Processing SEZ (with Sugar refinery being mother industry) at Vakalpudi village promoted by Parrys Infrastructure Ltd, Vashista Power Project and Raga Nivas Power Project near Nemam. Apart from this there is expansion plans of RINL, NTPC, BARC, Gangavaram Port, Kakinada Port etc. Most of the existing industries in VK-PCPIR area have obtained Environmental Clearance (EC) from MoEF&CC. Some of Environmental Clearances are enclosed as Annexure-I.
4.6. Soil Classification
VK-PCPIR forms a part of the Eastern Ghats tectonic complex of Archean age. It has two distinct soil types. One is the iron rich red soil which is a characteristic of Visakhapatnam district. This type is not good for cultivation due to poor textured and low water retention capacity. The undulating terrain makes the soil prone to soil erosion and landslides.
East Godavari district is with fertile alluvial soil. Alluvial soil is highly fertile and responds well to manures and irrigation. They have good water retention capability and hence ideal for cultivation especially rice. Much of the extensive agricultural practices in this district are attributed to the fertile soil conditions. The coastal belt is mostly covered with coastal sandy soil and deltaic alluvial towards the south end reaches.
The rest of the Region has a blanket of mostly red soil, both gravelly and loamy, which is high in iron oxide. It is coarser in the upper sections breaking down to finer particles towards the delta region. It is rich in potash and become fertile with the proper use of fertilizers and irrigation. Owing to availability of rocks and minerals, the soils are low in organic content and high in mineral content. There is also a slight presence of laterite and alkaline saline soil in S.Rayavaram and Nakkapalli mandals which is acidic in nature and not ideal for cultivation unless treated with fertilizers.
4.7. Climatic data (from Secondary sources).
Visakhapatnam and East Godavari districts exhibit the characteristics of tropical climate. It has primarily tropical rainy to sub-humid type of climate. Temperature is moderately less along the coast due to sea breeze than the inner plains. It gets drier and warmer towards the interiors and cools down in the hilly areas of the Eastern Ghats. Temperature ranges from a mean minimum of 17.50C in January in Visakhapatnam district and 200C in East Godavari District. The temperature rises steadily till May recording a mean maximum of 350C in Visakhapatnam District and 37.60C in East Godavari District. April to June is the hottest time of the year made unpleasant with extreme humidity. However, the hilly regions are spared the extreme temperatures with average of about 200C. During peak winters the temperature can go down to as low as 50C.
Hence, VK-PCPIR experiences an average temperature of 350C in the summers and around 20 degrees in the winters. The upper reaches have 2 to 3 degrees less temperature than the plains. Summer months are coupled with high humidity levels averaging about 70% to 80% in the warmer and hotter months which rises up to 90% in the monsoons. Winters are comfortable due to less humidity and comparatively lower temperatures.
PLANNING BRIEF
5.1. Planning Concept (type of industries, facilities, transportation etc) town and country planning/development authority classification
PCPIR would be a combination of production units, public utilities, logistics, environmental protection mechanisms, residential areas and administrative services. It would have a processing area with manufacturing facilities, along associated logistics and other services, and required infrastructure and a non- processing area with residential, commercial and other social & institutional infrastructure. The minimum processing area for the PCPIR will be about 40% of the total designated area, i.e., around 100 sq km. The processing area may or may not be contiguous.
PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE
Physical Infrastructure:
Physical infrastructure needs of the VK‐PCPIR SDA area comprising of industrial areas planned / proposed and the non‐processing area comprising residential. It covers water supply, waste water, drainage, solid waste management, power, fire and disaster management, gas infrastructure and telecommunication.
Social infrastructure:
Social infrastructure scenario in VK-PCPIR is studied and assessed with respect to the availability of education, health infrastructure and other socio-cultural facilities. The chapter has been divided into three sections. The first section entails the distribution of education facilities along with its existing status and need assessment. The second section brings about the assessment of health facilities within VK-PCPIR. The third section is dedicated to analysis with respect to other socio-cultural facilities.
Open Spaces and Recreational Infrastructure:
Open and recreational areas are important entities of this Master Plan as it helps in balancing the physical development by providing the essential recreational spaces for the residents. Recreational spaces in terms of urban planning essentially mean the planned urban greens i.e. parks, playgrounds, amusement parks and sports complex. Open space and recreational infrastructure is aimed at enhancing the green image of the project area while providing necessary open space and recreational activities for use of residents.
Other Social Infrastructure
The other social infrastructure have been assessed for social cultural facility, post offices, banks, bus stand and credit societies available in the VK-PCPIR mandals, as a whole.
The project area is provided with number of small and large jetties for development of fisheries along with necessary logistic infrastructure for fisheries movement for domestic and export markets. Development of new or improvement of existing major jetties are proposed at Muthyalammapalem, Pudimadaka, Revupolavaram, Rajayyapeta, Pentakota, Uppada, and Kakinada fish landing sites.
REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT
(R&R) PLAN
The VK-PCPIR area is under consideration for declaration as a Special Development Authority (SDA), in terms of Section 3 of the APUAD Act, 1975. VKPCPIR -SDA Master Plan has been commissioned, which will determine the most appropriate location/alignment of infrastructure such as the production units, public utilities, logistics, environmental protection mechanisms, residential areas and administrative services.The Project requires permanent acquisition of land as well as temporary occupation of land. Permanent land acquisition occurs for the construction of the Special Economic Zones and Industrial parks, as well as for other permanent infrastructure in processing area. Non Processing area, which is approximately 56.98% of the total VK PCPIR where land acquisition would be necessary for support facilities according to master plan.
It is also proposed to protect natural environmental components and existing settlements as far as possible. But, some rehabilitation cannot be avoided to use the delineated land for industrial activities. Land acquisition would be undertaken without impacting adversely on livelihood of local community through acceptable compensation package as per the Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy of the government.
Considering this, GoAP has given two GOs regarding land acquisitions which states that land losers are not entitled to ask the reference to Land Acquisition and R&R Authority, under section 64 of the A.P Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land acquisition and R&R Act, 2013. The two Go’s are:
G.O Ms.No.160 dated 13.11.2017 in which land acquisition for Pudi, Krishnapalem, Gorapudi, Lalamkoduru, Z.Chinthuvu & Pudimadaka villages of Rambilli & Atchutapuram Mandals in Visakhaptnam District was paid compensation of Rs.20.00 lakhs per acre for patta lands excluding the value of trees & structures (as per Sec 24 (a) New LARR Act 2013).
G.O Ms.No.160 dated 16.11.2016 in which Chandanada, Rajayyapeta, D.L.Puram and Vempadu villages in Nakkapalli Mandal of Visakhapatnam District, was paid compensation of Rs.18.00 lakhs per acre under the
provision of Rule-28A of A.P Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Rules, 2014.
Existing rehabilitation Colonies:
Visakhapatnam steel plant rehabilitation colonies have been developed at Dibbapalem, Vadlapudi, Aganampudi, Duvvada, Pedagantyada, Gangavaram. The Pharma city rehabilitation colonies are in the areas of Parawada and Tadi. Rehabilitation colony of APSEZ has been developed in Atchutapuram mandal. Rehabilitation colony for the displaced persons of KSEZ has been developed in U.Kothapalli mandal. Many rehabilitation townships were developed for the displaced persons due to development of Steel Plant in Dibbapalem, Vadlapudi and Gajuwaka.
PROJECT SCHEDULE & COST
ESTIMATES
8.1 Estimated Project Cost
The total infrastructure costs is about rupees19159 crore. The capital investment plan includes the infrastructure components of transportation, water supply, effluent & waste water, drainage, solid waste management, power and livelihood promotion for fisheries sector. The transportation component contributes to about 45 percent of the total cost followed by fisheries infrastructure (17 percent) and power infrastructure (12 percent).
Capital Investment Plan for VK-PCPIR, 2031 Sl.No Infrastructure Sector Total Cost
(Crores)
Percentage %
1. Transportation 8760 45
2. Water Supply 1763 9
3. Effluent and Waste Water 787 4
4. Drainage 1637 9
5. Solid Waste Management 850 4
6. Power 2146 11
7. Fisheries Infrastructure and Fisher folk Community Development Projects
3216 17
Total 19159 100
