Teknik Menjawab 2013

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 1

TECHNIQUE OF ANSWERING SPM

PHYSICS / 4531

LEMBAGA PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

Prepared by: Adnan Shamsudin

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ANSWER STRATEGY PHYSICS QUESTIONS PAPER 2 – Subjective Questions (2 Hours 30 Minutes)

SECTION A

1. Section A of paper 2 consists of 8 questions. You will have to answer all the 8 questions in this section.

2. The marks allocated to each questions vary from 4 to 12 marks. The total in Section A is 60 marks. 3. You are advised to spend 90 minutes on this section. Spending more than 90 minutes on this section

will result in having insufficient time to answer questions in Sections B and C.

4. Before attempting to answer questions, read the questions at least twice and highlight the key

words provided so that you will not go out of point.

5. Do not force yourself to answer Questions 1 first if you are not too sure of the answers. Answer questions that you are most sure of first. By answering questions which you are quite sure of first will help you increases your confidence to answer the questions that you are not so sure of. Do not spend too much time on a particular question as it is very important that you answer or at least attempt to answer all the 8 questions within the 90 minutes allocated.

6. Note the marks allocated to each section of a questions. A section that is allocated only 1 mark will require a short answer. On the other hand, a section that is allocated 3 marks will require you to state

3 properties or characteristic associated with the particular section.

7. While answering questions that involve calculations, make sure that you write down all the steps in the spaces provided in the questions paper, including the formula used.

SECTION B

1. Section B consists of two questions. You need to answer only ONE question from this section. 2. The marks allocated for this section is 20 marks.

3. You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section.

4. The questions from section B are normally preceded by a diagram that shows a certain state or situation that is related to a specific Physics concept.

5. You are normally asked to state the characteristics shown in the diagram and also to state the Physics principles involved.

6. Study the marks allocated to each section or sub-section in the questions. The marks allocated in each section may be as high as 10 marks. In such cases, make sure that you have at least 10 points or properties related to the section as each point is normally allocated 1 mark.

SECTION C

1. Sections C consists of two questions. You need to answer ONE question only from this section. 2. The marks allocated for this section is 20 marks.

3. You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section.

4. The questions from Section C are normally preceded by a table that is related to a specific Physics concept,

5. Study the marks allocated to each section or sub-section in the questions. The marks allocated in each section may be as high as 10 marks. In such cases, make sure that you have at least 10 points or properties related to the section as each point is normally allocated 1 mark.

6. The questions in this section normally require you to state a certain principle or to explain certain properties or characteristics based on the information given.

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TYPES OF QUESTIONS IN PAPER 2 SPM PHYSICS

1. KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND APPLICATION (Section A and C) 2. CONCEPTUALISATION (Section A and B)

3. PROBLEM SOLVING (Section B) 4. DECISION MAKING (Section B and C) 5. COMPREHNSION (Section B)

A. KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND APPLICATION

(Question No.1 - No.4)

1. Decide on the correct concept first.

2. Write the facts/concept/formula that is connected to the related sub topic (related to the question)

3. Understand the tasks

4. Refer to the marks stated- one point for one mark. 5. Answer in simple words.

6. Use correct terminology.

7. Understanding and qualitative application

• explain step by step (imaging the marker does not know the physics) 8. Calculation:

• Choose & Write the relevant formula

• Substitute the values correctly

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 4 Example 1 – Q2

1 Diagram 2 shows a water tank that supplies water to a block of flats. The water flows to each unit of the flat due to water pressure.

(a) What is meant by pressure?

[1 mark] (b) A water tank with a height of 3.0 m is fully filled with water. Calculate the pressure at the

base of the water tank.

[Density of water = 1000 kg m-3]

[2 marks] (c) Based in Diagrams 2, compare the water pressure at P and Q. Explain your answer.

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 5 Example 2 – Q3A (SPM 2007)

(d) Name the heat energy, Q1, which is absorbed from R to S.

[1 mark] (a) State one reason why the temperature at R and S is the same even though heat is supplied.

[1 mark]

(a) Calculate the het energy, Q2, which is absorbed from S to T. [The specific heat capacity of water, C=4200 J kg-10C-1]

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B. CONCEPTUALISING

(Questions No.5, No.6 and No.9 or No.10)

1. Every items starting with situation.

2. Situation can be in diagram, table, chart or graph. 3. Look at the diagram, table, and chart or graph carefully. 4. State only what is in the diagram, table, chart or graph

5. Understand the tasks:

• Comparison :- State the similarities and differences (if there is any)

• Differences:- State characteristics that are different

• Similarities :- State the same characteristics

6. Relationship: directly proportional/ inversely proportional/ When ……. increases, ………

Increases/decreased.

7. Name the law/principle/concept involved.

Example 1 – Q5A (SPM 2006)

1. Diagram 5.1 shows the situation of a sheet of paper before and when air is blown.

Diagram 5.2 shows the situation of the canopy before the lorry moves and when the lorry moves at high speed.

(a) What is meant by speed?

_______________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 7 (b) Based in diagram 5.1 and diagram 5.2:

(i) State two similarities for the situation in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2.

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ [2 marks] (ii) Compare the air pressure above and below the paper when air is blown.

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (iii) Relate the speed of the air to the pressure of the air.

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (iv) Name the principle involved in 5(b)(iii).

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 8 1. (a) Observe diagram 6.1 and diagram 6.2

(i) Compare the depths of the water in region X and region Y.

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii) Compare the wave lengths of the waves in region X and region Y.

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (iii) Relate the depth of water to the wave length of the waves.

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (iv) Name the wave phenomenon involved

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (v) Explain why the wave front of sea water will follow the shape of the shore when

it approaches the shore.

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ [3 marks] Example 2 – Q1B (SPM 2010)

1. Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show parallel rays are directed towards the lenses P and Q with focal point F.

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the thickness, the focal length and power of the lens. Relate the thickness of the lens with the focal length to make a deduction regarding the relationship between thickness of the lens and the power of lens.

_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ [5 marks]

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 9 Example 3 – Q1B (SPM2009)

2. Diagram 9.1 shows the effect of pressure on a sandy beach when a man sits on a chair. Diagram 9.2 shows the same man sitting on the same chair after a piece of plank is placed under the chair.

(a) What is the meaning of pressure?

_______________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (b) Observe diagram 9.1 and diagram 9.2. Compare the depth of sinking, the load and the

area of contact with the sandy beach.

Relate the depth of sinking with the pressure exerted by the chair to make a deduction on the relationship between the pressure and the area of contact in this situation.

_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ [5 marks]

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C. PROBLEM SOLVING

(Questions No. 7 and No.9 or No.10)

Structured Question

1. Very sure of the concept/ understand the working principle of apparatus and its function.

2. Understand the questions/follow the instructions given.

3. State the methods and reasons / explanations.

Essay type question A. Open type question

1. Understand the problem given

2. State the method/suggestion/ design / modification to solve the problems 3. State the explanation for the each method /suggestion/ design

4. Answer in table form for suggested modifications. e.g

Modifications Explanation

B. Guided type Question- usually working principle of apparatus

1. Follow the instruction in the question.

2. Answer can be in the form of diagram or essay. 3. State the method/ways and reasons.

Common mistakes:

1. Suggestion of problem solving does not based on relevant physical concept

2. Give wrong/irrelevant explanation/reason

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 11 Example 5: Q9B (SPM 2008)

1. Diagram 9.3 shows a pole vaulter performing a jump.

Using appropriate physics concepts, explain the use of suitable equipment and techniques to improve his performance.

Your answer should include the following aspects: (i) Vaulter’s attire

(ii) Vaulter’s movement (iii) Pole used

(iv) Safety [10 marks] _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 12 Example 2 – Q9B (SPM 2007)

2. Diagram 9.6 shows a sailboat.

Your are required to gives some suggestions to design a sailboat which can travel faster. Using the knowledge on motion, force and the properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the following aspects:

(i) the surface of the board (ii) the shape of the board (iii) material used for the board (iv) material used for the sail (v) the size of the sail

[10 marks] _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 13 Example 3: Q9B (SPM 2006)

3. You are given two convex lenses, P and Q, with focal lengths 40 cm and 5 cm respectively. Both the lenses are used to build a simple astronomical telescope at normal adjustment.

(i) Using the two lenses, explain how you are going to build the simple astronomical telescope.

[6 marks] (ii) Suggest modification that needs to be done on the telescope to produce clearer and

bigger images.

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D. MAKING DECISION

(Questions No. 8 and No.11 or No.12)

Structured:

1. Guided decision making

2. Follow the instructions in the questions 3. Justify your answer with reasons

Essay:

To answer this question “explain the suitability of each characteristics and determine the most suitable …. .” identify 4 different characteristics from the given diagrams or table. The answer must be in table form.

Characteristic Reason

[……..] is chosen. Reason: It has ………... 1. Question will state the characteristics in the form of diagram or table

- Study the characteristics carefully

2. Choose the suitable characteristics according to the need of the question. - Use the word low or high

4. Make a ranking based on chosen characteristics 5. Make a justification

6. State the reason

Common mistakes

1. Elaborate all characteristics

2. Rewrite the value of characteristic given without stating low or high 3. Does not state all characteristics / reasons after making a justification

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 15 Example – Q8A (SPM 2012)

1. Diagram 8 shows two models of frying pan.

(b) Based on the information in Diagram 8, state the suitable characteristics of the frying pan used for cooking.

(i) Type of surface

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] Reason

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii) Specific heat capacity

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] Reason

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (c) Based on the answer in 8(b) determines which model of frying pan in Diagram 8 will

absorb the heat effectively. Give reason for your choice.

_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 16 Example – Q11C (SPM 2008)

2. Diagram 11.1 shows a light signal travelling through an optical fibre made of glass.

(a) The optical fibre in Diagram above can be used in telecommunications and medicine. You are asked to investigate the characteristics of optical fibres for use in these fields as shown in Table 11.

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Explain the suitability of each feature of optical fibre in Table 11 for use in

telecommunications and medicine. Determine the most suitable optical fibre that is capable of carrying the largest number of signals simultaneously.

Give reasons for your choice.

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 18 _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Example 3 – Q12C (SPM 2009)

2. Diagram 11.1 shows a golfer continues his swing after the golf ball has been hit. This action is called ‘follow through’.

The purpose of ‘follow through’ is to increases the impulse acting on the ball.

Diagram 11.2 on page 31, shows four flag poles, P, Q, R and S with different specification mounted on the ground.

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 20 You are required to determine the most suitable characteristics of flag pole that can withstand strong wind.

Study the specification of all the four flag poles from the following aspects: - The density of the pole

- The flexibility of the pole

- The maximum tension of the string - The height of strings tied to the pole

Explain the suitability of the aspects and determine the most suitable flag pole. Give reason for your choice.

[10 marks] _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

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E. COMPRENSHION

This element is concerned with the ability to interpret, extrapolate, and understand concepts or principle in Physics.

1. You are given two pieces of plane mirror measuring 5 cm x 6 cm to make a periscope. (i) Using these mirrors and other materials, describe how you would make the periscope.

[4 marks]

2. Explain why the wave front of sea water will follow the shape of the shore when it approaches the shore. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ [3 marks]

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 22 3. On diagram 8.2 draw a ray diagram to show how the image form.

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ANSWER STRATEGY PHYSICS QUESTIONS PAPER 3

Written Practical Questions (1 Hours 30 Minutes)

SECTION A

1. Section A consists of two structured questions. You need to answer all questions from this section. 2. This section is allocated a total of 28 MARKS.

Section A (Questions 1)

1. The questions in this section are based on experiments that you should have already done in the laboratory.

2. The questions in this section normally require you to:

- State the variables base on the experiment given. (You are normally required state the manipulated variable, the responding variable and the constant variable based on the aim and the procedure of the experiment)

- Record the data and do the tabulations. (Make sure you know how to tabulate the data correctly).

- Plot a graph. (Make sure you know how to plot a graph correctly) - State the relationship between two variables from the graph. 3. You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section.

Section A (Questions 2)

1. The questions from this section also involve the interpretation of graphs.

2. You will also need to know how to determine the gradient and the unit of the gradient of a graph. 3. The questions from this section may also involve the calculation of certain quantities. Make sure

that you write down all the steps involved in the spaces provided in the questions paper. (Make sure

you know how to use the value of the gradient in the calculation)

4. You may need to state the precaution of the experiment. 5. You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section

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SECTION B

1. Section B consists of two questions. You need to answer ONE question only from this section. 2. This section is allocated a total of 12 MARKS.

3. You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section.

4. The questions in this section are normally base on the diagram of a situation in our daily lives together with a brief write-up on the situation.

5. You will have to study the situation carefully and try to find the variables related in the situation.

6. You will also be asked to state one appropriate inference, hypothesis for an investigation and to describe an experimental framework to test hypothesis. In your description, you will have to state clearly the following:

(i) Aim of the experiment

(ii) Variables involved in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus

(v) The procedure of the experiment which includes

- the methods of controlling the manipulated variable - the method of measuring the responding variable - the method of repeated experiment

(vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data

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Section A

[28 marks]

Answer all questions in this section

1 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the length of wire, l, and its resistance, R.

The arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Diagram 1.1. An ammeter, dry cells, a rheostat, a switch and piece of constantan sire are connected in series.

A voltmeter is used to measure the potential difference, V, across the constantan wire between P and Q.

A constantan wire of length, l = 20.0 cm is connected between P and Q. When the switch is on, the rheostat is adjusted until the ammeter reading is 0.50 A. The voltmeter reading, V, is as shown in Diagram 1.2 on page 4.

The corresponding voltmeter reading across P and Q are shown in Diagram 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 page 4.

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 27 (a) For the experiment describe on pages 2 and 3, identify:

(i) The manipulated variable

__________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii) The responding variable

__________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (iii) The constant variable

__________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (b) Based in Diagram 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 on page 4:

(i) Record the voltmeter readings, V, in the spaces provided on page 4.

[2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the values of R for each length of wire using the formula R =

0.5 V

[2 marks] (iii) Tabulate your results for V and R for all values of l, in the space below.

[3 marks]

(c) On the graph paper on page 6, plot a graph of R against l.

[5 marks] (d) Based on your graph in 1(c), state the relationship between R and l.

_______________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 29 2 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the mass, m, of a

load placed on a spring and the length, l, of the spring. The student also determines the spring constant, k.

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 30 (a) Based on the graph in Diagram 2.1

(i) what happens to l as m increases?

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii) determine the value of l when m = 0 g.

[2 marks] (b) The spring constant, k, is given by the formula k = 1/h, where h is the gradient of the

graph.

(i) Calculate the gradient, h, of the graph. Show on the graph how you calculate h.

[3 marks] (ii) Determine the value of k.

[2 marks] (c) Another identical spring is connected in series to the end of the spring. The spring

constant, k’, of the two springs in series is given by the formula

k 1 k 1 k' 1 '= + . Calculate k’. k’ = ………. [2 marks]

(d) State two precautions that can be taken to improve the accuracy of the readings in this experiment.

_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

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Section B

[12 marks]

Answer any one questions from this section

1 Diagram 3 shows two opaque cups, A and B, containing different amount of water. A similar coin is placed at the bottom of each cup.

When the coin is observed from the same position, the image of the coin in cup A cannot be seen, but the image of the coin in cup B can be seen.

Diagram 3

Based on your observation on the depth of the water and the position of the images of the coins: (a) State one suitable inference

_______________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (b) State one hypothesis that could be investigated.

_______________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 32 (c) With the use of apparatus such as a tall beaker, pins and other apparatus, describe an

experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b) In your description, state clearly the following;

i. The aim of the experiment.

_________________________________________________________________

ii. The variables in the experiment.

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

iii. The list of apparatus and materials.

_________________________________________________________________

iv. The arrangement of apparatus.

v. The procedures of the experiment which include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable. State the method to control manipulated variable

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ State the method to measure the responding variable

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Repeat the experiment

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________.

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Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2013 33 vi. The way to tabulate the data.

vii. The way to analyse the data.

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Section B

[12 marks]

Answer any one question from this section.

1. Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2 show a worker pushing a wheel barrow on soft ground. He noticed that the tyre sinks deeper into the ground when the wheelbarrow is loaded.

Based on the information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference

[1 mark] (b) State one suitable hypothesis

[1 mark] (c) With the use of apparatus such as plasticine, weights and other apparatus, describe one

experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following:

(ii) The aim of the experiment (iii) The variables in the experiment (iv) The list of apparatus and materials (v) The arrangement of the apparatus

(vi) The procedure of the experiment which should include one method of controlling the manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable. (vii) The way you tabulate the data

(viii) The way you analyse the data.