METCO SERVICES LTD
CUSTODY TRANSFER METERING
METERING STANDARDS
MODULE T05
Prepared By:-
Eur Ing. Michael MacKay C.Eng MIEE Consultant Engineer Metco Services Ltd Murcar House Denmore Road Bridge of Don Aberdeen AB 23 8JW Tel +44 (0)1 224 828 588 Email: [email protected] www.emersonprocess.com/metco
CUSTODY TRANSFER METERING 1
METERING STANDARDS 1
MODULE T05 1
1.0 AUTHORITIES 4
1.1. Department of Trade and Industry (Oil and Gas Office)... 4
1.2. INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM ... 4
1.3. AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE ... 4
1.4. OTHER AMERICAN STANDARDS ... 5
1.5. BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTE ... 6
1.6. INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ... 6
1.7. INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ... 6
1.8. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION... 6
1.9. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR ELECTROTECHNICAL STANDARDIZATION ... 6
1.10. INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS ... 7
1.11. INTERNATIONAL ... 7
2.0 MEASUREMENT STANDARDS 8 2.1. Guidelines And Regulations... 8
2.2. Measurement Uncertainty... 8
2.3. Units of Measure ... 9
3.0 FLOW METER STANDARDS 9 3.1. LIQUID (Turbine Meters) ... 9
3.2. LIQUID (CORIOLIS)... 10
3.3. NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS (NGL) ... 11
3.4. GAS (Differential Pressure Meters)... 11
3.5. GAS (Multi-path Ultrasonic Meters) ... 12
3.6. GAS (Turbine Meter)... 12
4.0 METER PROVING 13 5.0 DENSITY MEASUREMENT 14 5.1. CONTINUOUS DENSITY MEASUREMENT ... 14
8.0 SAMPLING STANDARDS 17
9.0 WATER CONTENT 17
10.0CARGOES AND STORAGE TANKS 18
10.1. AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING ... 18 10.2. STORAGE TANKS ... 18
11.0DTI GUIDELINES: ISSUE 6 MARCH 2002 19
11.1. Updating... 19 11.2. Guideline Structure ... 19
1.0 AUTHORITIES
A number of organisations have published standards, or guidelines, which are applicable to metering.
The standards referred to in this section apply to measurement accuracy, or have an influence on the measured system, therefore only minimal reference to design standards is made.
The relevant organisations are summarised below :
1.1. DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY (OIL AND GAS OFFICE) Abbrev : DTI or DTI (OGO)
Website : www.og.dti.gov.uk
The DTI Oil & Gas division have issued “Guidance Notes For Petroleum Measurement Under The Petroleum (Production) Regulations, which apply to the British sector.
1.2. INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM Abbrev : IP
Website : www.petroleum.co.uk
A number of standards/guidelines are published by the IP which relate to the handling and measurement of Petroleum Products.
The Institute of Petroleum maintains a 18 part “Manual of Petroleum Measurement” and 11 of “Petroleum Measurement Papers”.
Reference to the manual is made in the following format, “IP part** section **” where “**” will be the numerical reference.
The Institute of Petroleum also maintains a “Model Code of Safe Practice in the Petroleum Industry.
1.3. AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE Abbrev : API
Website : www.api.org
The American Petroleum Institute maintains a 21 chapter “Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards”.
Reference to this manual is made in the following format, “API MPM chapter ***” where *** will be the numerical reference.
Additional API standards are published under the ANSI four digit numbering system. These are referred to as API ****.
1.4. OTHER AMERICAN STANDARDS
The following American organisations may be encountered:- ANSI - American National Standards Institute
www.ansi.org
ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers www.asme.org
ASTM - American Society of Testing and Materials www.astm.org
AGA - American Gas Association www.aga.org
ISA - Instrument Society of America www.isa.org
GPA - Gas Processors Association www.gasprocessors.com
www.gri.org
The GPA publish a number of laboratory procedures.
GRI : Gas Research Institute
Now part of GTI below.
GTI : Gas Technology Institute
www.gastechnology.org
Created out of the amalgamation of the Gas Research Institute (GRI) and the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) in April 2000.
1.5. BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTE
www.bsi-global.com
Abbrev : BS Website :
The British Standards Institute incorporates applicable ISO standards in the BS numbering system. Certain standards are reissued verbatim but many (eg. ISO 5167/BS 1042 section 1.1) are technical equivalents where minor detail changes have been made.
Many British Standards are now harmonised with ISO CEN, CENELEC, or IEC standards and are published
as:-BS ISO
BS EN European Standards (CEN / CENELEC) BS IEC International Electrotechnical Commission BS PD Published Document
1.6. INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDIZATION Abbrev : ISO
Website : www.iso.ch
1.7. INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
Abbrev : IEC Website : www.iec.ch
1.8. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
Abbrev : CEN
Website : www.cenorm.be
1.9. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR ELECTROTECHNICAL STANDARDIZATION
Abbrev : CENELEC Website : www.cenelec.org
1.10. INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS Abbrev : IEE
Website : www.iee.org.uk
The Institution of Electrical Engineers publish the following :-
“Regulations for Electrical Installations, Sixteenth Edition” which has now been published as BS 7671: 1992
[A complimentary Guide is also published].
“Recommendations for the Electrical and Electronic Equipment of Mobile and Fixed Offshore Installations”
The IEE regulations relate to installation standards, they are relevant in that the installations of an instrument effects its performance and hence its accuracy.
1.11. INTERNATIONAL
There is also an “INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION FOR STANDARDS (ICS) and there are a number of other bodies which govern standards for specific Industries out-with the Oil Industry.
NPD: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate www.npd.no
NORSOK: Norwegian Technology Standards Institution www.nts.no/norsok
OIML : Organisation Internationale de Metrologie Legale www.oiml.org
2.0 MEASUREMENT STANDARDS
2.1. GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS
a) DTI Guidelines:- Department of Trade & Industry (Oil & Gas Office) “Guidance Notes For Petroleum Measurement Under The Petroleum (Production) Regulations, ISSUE 6 – MARCH 2002” which apply to the British Sector.
b) NPD YA-053:- Norwegian Petroleum Directorate:- Regulations relating to fiscal measurement of oil and gas etc.
c) NPD YA-059:- Norwegian Petroleum Directorate:- Regulations relating to measurement of fuel and flare gas for calculation of CO2 tax in the petroleum activities
d) NORSOK I-104:- Fiscal Measurement Systems for Hydrocarbon gas Licensees are required to use a method consistent with ‘good oilfield practice’ for the
measurement of all petroleum won and saved. To guide licensees as to what constitutes ‘good oilfield practice’ in this respect the DTI maintains a set of “Measurement Guidelines”.
2.2. MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY
a) BS ISO TR 5168 Measurement of Fluid Flow – Evaluation of Uncertainties b) ISO 7066-1: Measurement of fluid flow:- assessment of uncertainty in the
calibration and use of flow measuring devices Part 1: Linear calibration relationships
c) ISO 7066-1: Measurement of fluid flow:- assessment of uncertainty in the calibration and use of flow measuring devices
Part 1: Non-linear calibration relationships d) IP PMM Pt XIV Statistical aspects of Measurement and Sampling
e) API MPM Ch 13 Statistical aspects of Measurement and Sampling:- Section 1 – Statistical concepts and procedures manual.
f) NIS 3003 The Expression of Uncertainty and Confidence in Measurement for Calibrations
g) GUM 1: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement h) ISO 4259: Method for: Determination and application of precision data in
i) BSI PD 6461-1 to –3
2.3. UNITS OF MEASURE
a) ISO 1000 SI Units and Recommendations for Use b) BS 5555 Equivalent to ISO 1000
c) BS 350: Conversion factors
3.0 FLOW METER STANDARDS
3.1. LIQUID (TURBINE METERS)
The following are applicable to the mass and volumetric measurement of crude oil : a) DTI Guidelines: See section 2.1 above
b) IP PMM Pt XIII Petroleum Measurement Manual (PMM) - Fidelity and security of Measurement Data Transmission Systems:- Section 1 - Electric and/or electronic pulsed data cabled transmission for fluid metering systems.
Section 3 - Electrical and/or electronic data capture systems for flow metering
c) ISO 6551 Petroleum Liquids and Gases – Fidelity and Security of Dynamic Measurement Cabled Transmission of Electrical and/or Electronic Pulsed Data
d) IP PMP No.2 Petroleum Measurement Paper – Guidelines for Users of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
e) IP 252/76 Static Measurement of Refrigerated Hydrocarbon Liquids f) API MPM CH 1 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards - Guidelines
for the use of the International System of Units (SI) in the Petroleum and Allied Industries.
g) API MPM CH 5. 3 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Turbine Meters h) API MPM CH 6. 6 Metering Assemblies - Pipeline Metering Systems i) API MPM CH 11. 1 Volume VII Table 54A
j) API MPM CH 11. 1 Volume VIII Table 54B k) API MPM CH 11. 1 Volume IX Table 54C
l) API MPM CH 11. 1 Volume X Background Development and Computer Documentation.
m) API MPM CH 11. 2. 1 M Compressibility Factors for Hydrocarbons 638 to 1074 kg/m3.
n) API MPM CH 11. 2. 2 M Compressibility Factors for Hydrocarbons 350 to 638 kg/m3.
o) API MPM CH 12. 2 Calculation of Liquid Petroleum Quantities Measured by Turbine or Displacement Meters
p) API MPM CH13. 1 Statistical Concepts and Procedures in measurement
q) API MPM CH 13. 2 Methods of Evaluating Meter Proving Data
r) API MPM CH 21. 2 Electronic Liquid Volume Measurement Using Positive Displacement and Turbine Meters
s) ISO 4124 Statistical Control of Volumetric Metering Systems t) ISO 2715 Liquid Hydrocarbons –Volumetric Measurement by Liquid
Turbine Systems
3.2. LIQUID (CORIOLIS)
a) ISO 10790 Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits: Coriolis Mass Flowmeters
b) API MPMS (1st Draft 2001) Measurement of Crude Oil by Coriolis Meters c) IP PMP No.6 Petroleum Measurement Paper - Dynamic mass
Measurement – A Guide to Coriolis-Effect Direct Mass Flowmetering
Many of the standards specified in section 3.1 above are also applicable to Coriolis mass flow metering.
3.3. NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS (NGL)
Many of the standards specified in sections 3.1 & 3.2 above are also applicable to the measurement of natural gas liquids. Standards specific to NGL’s are:
a) IP PMM PT XII Sections 1, 2 & 3:- Static and Dynamic Measurement of Light Hydrocarbon Liquids.
b) API MPM CH 14 Sections 1 to 8:- Natural Gas Fluids Measurement c) GPA 194 Tentative; NGL Loading Practices
d) GPA 8182 Standard for the Mass Measurement of Natural Gas Liquids
3.4. GAS (DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE METERS)
The following are applicable to orifice plate measurements (note that ISO 5167 also applies to liquids being metered by differential pressure methods):
a) DTI Guidelines: See section 2.1 above
b) ISO 5167-1, Methods of measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential methods:- Orifice plates, nozzles and venturi tubes inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full c) ISO 5167-1 Amendment 1 Methods of measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential methods:- Orifice plates, nozzles and venturi tubes inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full Amendment 1
d) BS 1042 Section 1.1 Superseded by BS EN ISO 5167-1 (= ISO 5167-1)
e) BS ISO TR 12767 Methods of measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential methods:- Guide to the effect of departure from the specifications and operating conditions specified in ISO 5167-1 f) BS 1042 Section 1.4 Superseded by BS ISO TR 12767
g) BS ISO TR 5168 Measurement of Fluid Flow – Evaluation of Uncertainties
h) ISO 6976 Natural gas - calculation of calorific value, density and relative density
j) AGA Report N° 8 Compressibility Factors of Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon Gases
k) AGA Report N° 3, Pt. 1-4, Orifice metering of natural gas l) AGA Report N° 5 Fuel gas energy metering
m) ISO 9300 Measurement of Gas Flows by Means of Critical Flow - Venturi Nozzles
n) ISO TR 3313 Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits – Guidelines on the Effect of Flow Pulsation on Flow Measurement Instruments
o) ISO 7145; Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits:- Method of measurement of velocity at one point of a conduit of circular cross section.
3.5. GAS (MULTI-PATH ULTRASONIC METERS)
a) BS ISO TR 12765 Measurement of Fluid in Closed Conduits – Methods Using Transit-Time Ultrasonic Flowmeters
b) BS 7965 The Selection, Installation, Operation and Calibration of Diagonal Path Transit-Time Ultrasonic Flowmeters for Industrial Gas Applications
c) AGA 9 Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters d) ISO 6416 (BS 3680-3E) Liquid Flow Measurement in Open Channels –
Measurement of Discharge by the Ultrasonic (Acoustic) Method
3.6. GAS (TURBINE METER)
a) ISO 9951 Measurement of Gas Flow in closed conduits: Turbine Meters b) AGA Report N°7 Measurement of gas by turbine meters
c) ISO 6551 Petroleum Liquids and Gases – Fidelity and Security of Dynamic Measurement Cabled Transmission of Electrical and/or Electronic Pulsed Data
4.0 METER PROVING
The following are applicable to meter proving using the pipe prover loop: a) DTI Guidelines: See section 2.1 above
b) IP PMM PT X SEC 1 Field Guide to Proving Meters with a Pipe Prover
c) IP PMM PT X SEC 3 Code of practice for the Design, Installation and Calibration of Pipe Provers
d) IP PMM PT XV SEC 1 Metering Systems - A Guide to Liquid Metering Systems e) API MPM CH 4.1 to 4.8Proving Systems
f) ISO 7278, Pt. 1-4, Liquid Hydrocarbons - Proving systems for meters used in Dynamic Measurements.
g) ISO 4124 Liquid Hydrocarbons – Dynamic Measurement - Statistical Control of Meters
h) API MPM CH 13 .1 Statistical Aspects of Measuring and Sampling - Statistical Concepts and Procedures in Measurement
i) API MPM CH 13 .2 Statistical Method of Evaluating Meter Proving Data j) AGA Pt 12 Revised Meter Proving Part 13 : Distribution Meter Data
k) BS EN ISO 8222 Petroleum measurement systems - Calibration - Temperature corrections for use with volumetric reference measuring systems (97/126965 DC – Draft Revision)
l) IP PMP No.12 Petroleum Measurement Paper – Guidelines for the Development of Uncertainty
Estimates for Pipe Prover Calibrations
m) ISO 4185: Measurement of liquid flow in closed conduids:- Weighing method
5.0 DENSITY MEASUREMENT
5.1. CONTINUOUS DENSITY MEASUREMENT The following are applicable:
a) IP PMM PT VII Sec2 Continuous Density Measurement
b) 95/122752 DC ISO 9857 : Code of Practice for the Continuous Density Measurement of Petroleum and Liquified Petroleum Products c) API MPM CH 14. 6 Natural Gas Fluid Measurement – Continuous Density
Measurement
d) BS EN ISO 8973 Liquified Petroleum Gases - Calculation Method for Density
5.2. LABORATORY METHODS The following are applicable:
a) IP 160 Density of crude oil
b) IP PMM PT VII Sec1 General Guidance on Test Methods c) API MPM CH 9. 1 Hydrometer Test Method for Density,
Relative Density or API Gravity of Crude:- Petroleum and Petroleum Products d) API MPM CH 9. 2 Pressure Hydrometer Test Method for
Density or Relative Density
e) API MPM CH 9. 3 Thermo Hydrometer Test Method for and
API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products
f) ISO 3675 Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products – Laboratory Determination of Density or Relative Density Hydrometer Method
6.0 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AND ANALYSIS
a) ISO 10723 Natural Gas – Performance Evaluation for On-Line Analytical Systems
b) ISO 12213 Natural Gas – Calculation of Compression Factor c) ISO 13443 Natural Gas – Standard Reference Conditions
d) GPA 2165 Standard for Analysis of Natural Gas Liquid Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
e) GPA 2172 Standard for calculation of gross heating value, specific gravity and compressibility of natural gas. Equivalent to API Ch 14.5 f) GPA 2145 Table of physical constants for hydrocarbon and other
compounds of interest to the Natural Gas Industry. g) API MPM Ch 14.5: As GPA 2172
7.0 MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENT STANDARDS
The following standards are applicable to instrument selection, installation or operation. a) BS 7430 Code of practice for Earthing
b) BS EN 6000-10 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres Classification of Hazardous Areas
c) BS EN 6000-14 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres – Electrical Installations in Hazardous Areas (other than mines) d) BS EN 60079-17 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas
Atmospheres:-Inspection and Maintenance of Electrical Installations in Hazardous Areas (other than mines)
e) BS 5501-4 Electrical Apparatus for Potentially Explosive Atmospheres – Powder Filling ‘Q’
f) BS 5501-8 Electrical Apparatus for Potentially Explosive Atmospheres – Encapsulation ‘M’
g) BS EN 50014 Electrical Apparatus for Potentially Explosive Atmospheres – General Requirements
h) BS EN 50016 Electrical Apparatus for Potentially Explosive Atmospheres – Pressurised Apparatus ‘P’
i) BS EN 50018 Electrical Apparatus for Potentially Explosive Atmospheres – Flameproof Enclosure ‘d’
j) BS EN 50019 Electrical Apparatus for Potentially Explosive Atmospheres – Increased Safety ‘E’
k) BS EN 50020 Electrical Apparatus for Potentially Explosive Atmospheres – Intrinsic Safety ‘I’
l) BS 6346 Specifications for 600/1000 V and 1900/3300 V Armoured Electric Cables Having PVC Insulation
m) BS 6447 Specification for absolute and gauge pressure transmitters with electrical outputs.
n) BS EN 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer Sensors o) ISO 2186 Fluid flow in closed conduits connections for pressure signal
transmissions between primary and secondary elements. p) ISO 2714 Liquid Hydrocarbons – Volumetric Measurement by
Displacement Meter Systems Other Than Dispensing Pumps q) ISO 3735 Crude Petroleum and Fuel Oils – Determination of Sediment
8.0 SAMPLING STANDARDS
The following standards are applicable to the sampling of hydrocarbons: a) IP PMM Part VI, Section 1 Manual Methods
b) IP PMM Part VI, Section 2 Guide to Automatic Sampling of Liquids from Pipelines c) BS 3195-2 (ISO 3171) Automatic Pipeline Sampling of Liquid Hydrocarbons d) ISO 3170 Petroleum Liquids - Manual Sampling
e) ISO 3171 Petroleum liquids. Automatic pipeline sampling f) API MPM CH 8. 1 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Liquid
Petroleum and Petroleum Products
g) API MPM CH 8. 2 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Liquid Petroleum and Petroleum Products
h) API MPM CH 8. 3 Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
9.0 WATER CONTENT
The following standards are applicable to water content analysis:
a) IP 359 Determination of Water and Sediment Content of Crude Oils – Centrifuge Method
b) IP 386 Crude Petroleum – Determination of Water – Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration Method
c) API MPM CH 10. 1 Determination of sediment in crude oils and fuel oils by the extraction method.
d) API MPM CH 10. 2 Determination of water in crude oil by distillation e) API MPM CH 10. 3 Determination of water and sediment in crude oil by the
centrifuge method (laboratory procedure)
f) API MPM CH 10. 4 Determination of water and sediment in crude oil by the centrifuge method (field procedure)
g) API MPM CH 10. 7 Standard Method for Water in Crude Oils by Karl Fischer titration (volumetric)
h) API MPM CH 10. 9 Standard Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
10.0 CARGOES AND STORAGE TANKS
10.1. AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING
a) IP PMM Part V Automatic Tank Gauging
b) API MPM CH 3. 1A Standard Practice for the Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
c) API MPM CH 3. 1B Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid
Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging d) API MPM CH 3. 2 Standard Practice for the Manual Gauging of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products in Tank Cars
e) API MPM CH 3. 3 Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Pressurised Storage Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging
f) API MPM CH 3. 4 Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid
Hydrocarbons on Marine Vessels by Automatic Tank Gauging g) API MPM CH 16. 2 Mass measurement in liquid hydrocarbons in vertical cylindrical
storage tanks by hydrostatic tank gauging h) API 2509B Shop Testing of Automatic Liquid-Level Gauges
10.2. STORAGE TANKS
a) IP PMM Part II Sections 1 to 7 Tank Calibration b) API MPM CH 2 . 2A, 2B, 7 & 8 Tank Calibration
c) API MPM CH 2. 8B Recommended practice for the establishment of the location of the reference gauge point and the gauge height of tanks on marine vessels.
d) API MPM CH 3. 1A Standard practice for manual gauging of petroleum and petroleum products
e) API 2555 Liquid Calibration of Tanks
11.0 DTI GUIDELINES: ISSUE 6 MARCH 2002 11.1. UPDATING
Note that the DTI Guidelines will be updated on a regular basis. For the latest Issue refer to DTI website:-
11.2. GUIDELINE STRUCTURE
Title: Guidance Notes for Petroleum Measurement Under the Petroleum (Production) Regulations, Issue 6 – March 2002.
Module 1 Introduction 1.1 Rationale
1.2 Regulatory Framework
1.3 Purposes for which measurement is required Module 2 Petroleum Measurement Categories
2.1 Terms of Reference
2.2 Categorisation of a Measurement System 2.3 ‘By Difference’ Measurement
2.4 Selection of Primary Measurement Devices 2.5 ‘Fiscal Quality’ Measurement
2.6 ‘Near-Fiscal Quality’ Measurement 2.7 ‘Fiscal Allocation’ Measurement 2.8 ‘Fiscal Well Test’ Measurement 2.9 ‘Fiscal Multiphase’ Measurement
Module 3 ‘Fiscal – Quality’ Liquid Petroleum Measurement 3.1 Terms of Reference
3.2 Mode of Measurement
3.3 General Design & Installation Criteria
3.4 Specific Design and Installation Criteria for Turbine Meter/Prover Loop Systems 3.5 Specific Design and Installation Criteria for Ultrasonic Meter Systems
3.6 Operating and Re-verification Procedures – Turbine Meter/Prover Loop Systems 3.7 Prover Calibration Procedures
3.8 The Use of Master Meters for the In-Situ Re-verification of Turbine Meters 3.9 Operating and Re-verification Procedures – Ultrasonic Metering Systems
Module 4 ‘Fiscal – Quality’ Gaseous Petroleum Measurement 4.1 Terms of Reference
4.2 Mode of Measurement
4.3 General Design & Installation Criteria for Gas Metering Stations 4.4 Specific Design & Installation Criteria for Orifice Metering Systems 4.5 Specific Design & Installation Criteria for Ultrasonic Metering Systems 4.6 General Operating and Re-certification Procedures for Metering Stations 4.7 Operating and Re-certification Procedures – Orifice Metering Systems 4.8 Operating and Re-certification Procedures – Ultrasonic Metering Systems
4.9 The Calculation of Uncertainties in Flow Measurement Systems Employing Orifice
5.1 Terms of Reference 5.2 System Design 5.3 Oil/Condensate Measurement 5.4 Gas Measurement 5.5 Water Measurement
Module 6 Wet Gas Petroleum Measurement 6.1 Terms of Reference
6.2 Flow Regimes
6.3 Selection of Primary Measurement Devices 6.4 Installation Considerations
6.5 Venturi Meters 6.6 Orifice Plate Meters 6.7 Ultrasonic Meters
6.8 ‘Fiscal Allocation’ Wet Gas Metering 6.9 Sampling
Module 7 Multiphase Petroleum Measurement 7.1 Terms of Reference
7.2 Standards
7.3 Multiphase Measurement Technologies 7.4 Multiphase Applications
7.5 Selection of Appropriate Meter 7.6 Meter Installation
7.7 Achievable Performance 7.8 Factors Affecting Performance 7.9 Operation of Meters
7.10 Re-verification of Meters Module 8 Flow Computers
8.1 Terms of Reference 8.2 Design Considerations Module 9 Measurement Stations
9.1 Terms of Reference 9.2 DTI Logbooks
9.3 Mis-measurement Reports 9.4 Flow Computer Configuration Records 9.5 Calibration Certificates
9.6 Routine Calibration Records
Module 10 New Systems – Design Considerations 10.1 Terms of Reference
10.2 Application of Suitable Technology 10.3 Life-of-Field Costs
