Swiss Hydrogen & Fuel Cell RD&D programmes part 2: Visible projects

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1 / 16th March 2005 /ERA-Net HY-CO 2. Network Committee Meeting Swiss Fuel Cell & Hydrogen RD&D programmes © TEMAS AG

Swiss

Hydrogen

&

Fuel Cell

RD&D programmes

part 2: Visible projects

Dr. Michael Spirig

Official Representative

at TEMAS AG

Dr. Alphons Hintermann

Head of hydrogen & fuel cell programmes

at SFOE (Swiss Federal Office of Energy)

ERA-Net HY-CO

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Visible projects

USV for GSM Station

>1 kW PEFC battery

replacement

HTA Luzern

www.hta.fhz.ch

/institute/ipe

/projekte.html

Decentralised Energy Supply

Fuel Cell Heating Systems

SOFC

1 kWe, 2.5 kWth

350 kg

lifetime 5’000 h

Sulzer Hexis

www.hexis.com

New generations are in progress

PAC-Car

(Shell Eco-marathon)

400 W PEFC drive,

115 kg, < 40 km/h

15 g hydrogen/100 km

ETH-Zürich/PSI

www.imrt.ethz.ch/pac-car

Micro-SOFC

as Battery

replacement e.g. for

cellular phones <1 W SOFC

ETH Zürich, EPF-L, NTB, ZHW

www.mat.ethz.ch

Hydrogen Snow Cat

Modified 6 piston otto engine

300 kg metalhydride, 5 kg H

₂

stored

UNI Fribourg, www.ifres.ch

www.swissalps3000.ch

500 W 500 W H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ - -H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ - -H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ - -H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ - -ZHW W‘thur HTI Biel PSI EIVD Yverdon EM PA EPFL ETHZ HTA Luzern EIV Sion UNI Genf Uni Fribourg NTB Buchs Sulzer Hexis Weidman Plastics M es-Dea HTceramix Fucellco Thoma &Renz CEKA Tribe-craft AEB Effcell Sulzer Hexis Weidman Plastics M es-Dea HTceramix Fucellco Thoma &Renz CEKA Tribe-craft AEB Effcell PAFC AFC PAFC AFC BFE, KTI, BBW PSEL BFE, KTI, BBW PSEL FOGA

Hydroxy 3000 boat

3 kW PEFC drive

1500 kg,

10 – 15 km/h

EIVD Yverdon

iese.eivd.ch/hydroxy

PEFC Stack

500 W, air cooled

SAM light car

6 KW PEFC drive

Power Pac

System

1 kW PEFC, water cooled

PEFC-brane

Low cost high

performance

membrane

PSI :

ene.web.psi.ch

ecl.web.psi.ch

/groups.html

Hy-Light Car (Michelin)

30 kW PEFC drive + SC

HTI Biel

labs.hti.bfh.ch/index.php?id=747

500 W EnergyCube

SOFC stack with

SOFconnex Technology

12 kg

Demon-strator

Htceramix

EPFL, EMPA

www.htceramix.ch

Water Electrolysis

and

Hydrogen Storage

at 30 bar, 20’000 m

3

_H

2

Djeva SA www.djeva.com

Photoelectrolysis

for

Hydrogen Production

EPF Lausanne

photochemistry.epfl.ch

University of Geneva

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Sulzer Hexis

Status September 2004

(utility channel)

Die Energie-AG.

100 systems are in operation

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Sulzer Hexis

HXS1000Premiere

Project Galileo Mk I

Project Galileo Mk II

110 systems installed and

operating under real

conditions

Basis for project Galileo

Cumulative running time

> 500’000 h

Current average stack

lifetime over 4’500 h

30 systems in operation or

under construction:

CE-approval in Aug 04

cum. 20’000 h lab

experience

7 units: CH test sites

7 units: Industrial clients

Further reduction of

manufacturing costs

(batch of 50):

January 2005 initial operation

Æ

Manufacturing costs

below current sales price

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Sulzer Hexis

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HTceramix’s MISSION IS TO HELP THE SOFC INDUSTRY

REACH THE THRESHOLD COST FOR MARKET PENETRATION

Within the last 4 years, HTceramix has developed a new stack based on its

SOFConnex™ design. Based on scaleable manufacturing methods only,

HTceramix has validated its cost projections at the level of 250 kW/yr. Stacks

have the potential to achieve 330 Euro/kW at a production level of 250 MW/yr.

Contact:

HTceramix SA, 18, av des Sports, 1400 Yverdon-les-Bains

www.htceramix.ch

[email protected]

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Technical status and next steps

Data 250 W stack:

0.45 W/cm

3 180 mW/cm

2 Operating T 800°C

Fuel utilisation 35%

Electrical efficiency 18%

Data EnergyCube:

Electrical Power 500 W

Autonomous after start-up

**233233522 cm**

Fuel:

Technical H

₂

Approx price: 180’000 US$

Availability: July 2005

HTceramix currently provides cells and stacks (250 W) to system integration

partners. HTceramix also helps other SOFC developers to solve the cathode

current collection problem by its SOFConnex™ technology. In 2005, HoTbox™ and

EnergyCube Demonstrators will become available.

HoTbox™:

Thermally autonomous stack

Compact, including T control

Outside T:

300°C

Approx price:

75’000 US$

Availability:

May 2005

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OneBat goals:

• Very high energy capacity (at least

3 times more than current batteries

)

• Immediate charging

(using compressed gas as a fuel)

• Power network and

geographical independence

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Specific Energy (Wh/kg)

E

n

e

rg

y

D

e

n

s

it

y

(

W

h

/l)

µ

-SOFC

µ

-DMFC

µ

-PEFC

Li-ion

Ni-MH

Systems Energy Densities:

Values as announced by system developers

µ-PEFC lays very high but metal hydride technology is not down-scalable

All the published energy density values for µ-DMFC are significantly lower than press releases

statements (e.g. “5 times longer run-time than Li-ion“...)

Can we operate a SOFC at 500 °C ?

CGO Membranes with electrodes

Ce

_0.8

Gd

_0.2

O

₂

electrolyte

Membrane thickness: 400 nm

Largest Membrane: 1 mm

Stable up to 350 °C.

600 µm version

1500 µm 150 µm 15 µm 15 µm 15 µm supported electrolytes self supported electrolytes 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 R0= L/σ= 0.15 ohmxcm 2 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1000/T (K) Temperature (°C)

Lo

g (

σ

Scm

-1

)

1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 Bi2V0.9Cu0.1O5.35 Ba3(CaNb2)O9(H+) La 0.9_Sr 0.1_Ga 0.8_Mg 0.2O 2.85 (ZrO 2) 0.9(Y 2O 3) 0.1 CaZ_r 0.9In 0.1O 3-x(H+₎ Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_1.95 1500 µm 150 µm 15 µm 15 µm 15 µm supported electrolytes self supported electrolytes 1500 µm 150 µm 15 µm 15 µm 15 µm supported electrolytes self supported electrolytes 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 R0= L/σ= 0.15 ohmxcm 2 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1000/T (K) 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1000/T (K) Temperature (°C)

Lo

g (

σ

Scm

-1

)

1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 Bi2V0.9Cu0.1O5.35 Ba3(CaNb2)O9(H+) La 0.9_Sr 0.1_Ga 0.8_Mg 0.2O 2.85 (ZrO 2) 0.9(Y 2O 3) 0.1 CaZ_r 0.9In 0.1O 3-x(H+₎ Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_1.95

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PowerPac (PSI / ETH-Zürich)

1 kW DC 24 V, 42 A

Weight: 23 kg (w/o Tank)

Volume:35 l

(LxBxH 490x210x340 mm)

Liquid-cooled

DC unregulated 24 - 36 V

Excellent dynamics,

10 – 90% in < 50 ms

Two button user interface

Incl. data interface

contacts:

[email protected]

www.planetcapital.nl

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Hydroxy 3000

Contact: HES-SO / EIVD CP

/ CH 1401 Yverdon,

[email protected]

Tel:

+41 24 693 86 13

Fax:

+41 24 693 86 17

http://iese.eivd.ch/hydroxy

• Objectives:

- Test & analyse behaviour of FC systems

in navigation conditions

- Fresh water protection

- Improve & demo technology

- Training of students on FC systems

- Prepare market / establish partnerships

3 kW PEMFC boat

7 passengers

11-15 km/h

7 x 2,5 m

1300 kg

The boat is intended for family leisure on

lakes and channels. With zero emission

and zero noise, the boat is a perfect

means to get a maximum pleasure on

motorized navigation.

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Air Cooled PEFC-Stack

• The University of Applied Sciences in Biel has developed a fuel cell stack with new cell design.

• The cell has an internal humidification of both process gases (air and hydrogen).

• Each cell has two cooling ribs for an air cooling, the fan is adapted at the stack.

• The stack has 30 cells with an active area of 60 cm

2 _each.

• The dimensions of the stack are 160mm x 240mm x 150mm.

• This low pressure cell is design for 18W.

active area

H2 output

humidification area

hydrogen

H2 input

cooling ribs

humidification

area air

air

output

air input

Contact: [email protected]

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50W PEM-Demonstrator by Prof. Walther FH Biel

50W PEM Fuel Cell

Data:

- Hydrogen/Air System, no cooling system

- 50 W Fuel cell; 10.8V without charge

- DC-DC converter: 24V/30 W output

- Charge controlled air pump

- Cell monitoring electronics

-

Price: approx. 5‘000 USD

-

Contact: [email protected]

Project financed

by SFOE

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Fuel Cell SAM

• The University of Applied Sciences in Biel has developed a fuel cell –

battery – hybrid system and integrated the system in a electric

vehicle called SAM.

• Hybridvehicule with 6kW PEM fuel cell system and

lithium ionen polymer batteries, supplies total power of 15kW.

• Two metalhydride cylinders stores 400g of hydrogen,

which allows a range of the vehicle of 200 km.

h

₂

- storage

dc/dc - converter

fuel cell system

li-polymer battery

heat exchanger

motor electronics

h

₂

- storage

dc/dc - converter

fuel cell system

li-polymer battery

heat exchanger

motor electronics

• The vehicle has been developed for local traffic in the cities.

• SAM reaches a maximal speed of 85 km/h and offers two

.

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PacCar of ETH-Zürich/PSI at Shell Eco-marathon

Data:

Owner: ETH Zürich / PSI

Seat: 1

Weight: 115 kg

Length: 2.8 m

Engine: 400W PEM Fuel Cell

Energy: hydrogen

Storage: Metal hydride (HERA)

Consumption:

- 15 g hydrogen/100 km

- 0.059 l gasoline/100 km

Top speed: < 40 km/h

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Paul Scherrer Institut, October 13th 2004:

HY-LIGHT at Challenge Bibendum in Shanghai

Power: 30 kW Fuel Cell Stack, based on H

₂

and O

₂

32 - 45 kW Supercaps (for 17 sec)

Top Speed: 130 km/h

Acceleration: 0 – 100 km/h: < 12 sec

Range: 400 km (at 80 km/h)

Fuel Consumption: < 25 kWh/100 km compr. H

₂

Curb weight 850 kg

-

Electrical damping and steering

-

Advanced wheel motors in front wheels

-

Hydrogen storage integrated in the car structure

HY-LIGHT, a purpose designed vehicle

Project partners:

- Michelin

- Paul Scherrer Institut

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Paul Scherrer Institut, January 16th 2002:

Test Drive across the Simplon Pass

Power: 27 kW Fuel Cell net,

50 kW Supercap (for 15 sec)

Top Speed: 115 km/h

Acceleration: 0 – 80 km/h: 15 sec

Fuel Consumption: NEDC

-

Excl. Purging: 6.2 l gas equiv/100 km

-

Extrapolation: 5.2 l gas equiv/100 km

-

Curb weight 1922 kg

-

FC system 496 kg

-

SC module 168 kg

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EU Hydrogen and FC Technology Platform

Member States Mirror Group

ERA - NET

EU-Projects / Activities:

FCTESTNET

IP REAL SOFC (Sulzer, EMPA, HTceramix and affiliations)

EU SOFC summer school (Patras, Greece)

Lucerne, internat. Fuel Cell Forum 2004 (U.Bossel)

IEA Implementing Agreement (IA) Advanced Fuel Cells

IEA Annexes XV – XX of the IA Advanced Fuel Cells

2005: Modelling Seminar, Stuttgart, March 3 / 4 2005

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Networking activities:

Modelling seminar March 2004 40 participants

FC-Day Biel, November 12

th

₂₀₀₄

Visible projects (SOFC- and PEM-technology):

SULZER HEXIS

HTceramix, SOFC-stackprovider and –Hotbox (500W)

Micro-SOFC OneBat (ETH-Zürich)

PEM-PowerPac, 1 kW (PSI/ETH-Zürich)

Hydroxy 3000, 3 kW PEM

Air cooled 500W PEM and 50W PEM-demonstrator

Fuel Cell SAM (6 kW PEM)

PAC-Car (400W PEM)

Brand new 30 kW News from Paul Scherrer Institut