ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
In addition to this paper you may require a calculator and a ruler.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers.
The Periodic Table is printed on the back cover of the examination paper and the formulae for some common ions on the inside of the back cover.
VP*(W10-236-01)
GCSE 236/01 SCIENCE
FOUNDATION TIER CHEMISTRY 1
A.M. MONDAY, 18 January 2010 45 minutes
For Examiner’s use only Question Maximum
Mark
Mark awarded
1. 7
2. 5
3. 4
4. 5
5. 7
6. 7
7. 5
8. 5
Total 50
9. 5
0
W10 0236 01 1
Answer all questions.
1. (a) The diagrams below show three different atoms labelled A, B and C.
These letters are not chemical symbols.
electrons neutrons protons
(i) Use the information in the diagrams above to complete the following sentences.
I. Atoms A, B and C can be found in Group . . . . of the Periodic Table of
Elements. [1]
II. The atomic number of atom A is . . . [1]
III. The electronic structure of atom B is . . . [1]
IV. Atom C can be found in Period . . . [1]
(ii) The box below shows particles found in atoms.
Choose a particle from the box above to complete the following sentence.
The particles shown in orbits (shells) of atoms A, B and C are called
. . . [1]
(b) The chemical formula of carbonic acid is H2CO3.
(i) State how many carbon atoms are present in the formula H2CO3. . . . [1]
(ii) Give the total number of atoms shown in the formula. . . . [1]
A B C
5 Turn over.
(236-01)
2. The diagrams below show stages in making the compound copper sulphate by reacting copper oxide with dilute sulphuric acid.
Each term may be used once, more than once or not at all.
I. Give the property of copper oxide that allows it to be removed by filtering in Stage 2.
[1]
. . . .
II. Name the substance being removed during Stage 3. [1]
. . . .
III. Write a word equation which represents the reaction in Stage 1. [2]
. . . .+ . . . . . . . .+ . . . .
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
dilute sulphuric copper oxide acid
copper oxide
blue solution
blue solution Copper oxide is added to warm
dilute sulphuric acid until all the acid is used up. The mixture is continuously stirred.
(i) Describe what you would expect to see when all the acid has been used up. [1]
. . . .
(ii) Choose terms from the box below to answer parts I-III.
boiling copper oxide copper sulphate dissolving evaporation insoluble soluble sulphuric acid water
evaporating basin
W10 0236 01 3
3. (i) The statements A-F below show some benefits and risks of nanoparticles.
A can be used to make antibacterial wound dressings B could enter the food chain
C can be used to make faster computers D can be used to make sunscreens E could penetrate the skin
F
Benefits of nanoparticles
Risks of nanoparticles can be inhaled
Put the letters B-F into the correct boxes below. A has been done for you. [2]
A
(ii)
Choose from the box above the size range of nanoparticles. [1]
. . . .nm
(iii) Give the name for the unit represented by nm. [1]
. . . .
0-10 nm 0-100 nm 1-100 nm 1-1000 nm 1-1000000 nm
(236-01)
5 4. The key below represents atoms of some elements.
carbon, C hydrogen, H nitrogen, N
A B C D
(i) The gas methane has the formula CH4.
Choose the letter of the diagram below that represents a molecule of methane. [1]
Letter . . . .
(ii) Use the key given above to draw diagrams representing the molecules:
I. hydrogen, H2; [1]
II. ammonia, NH3. [1]
(iii) State, giving a reason, which of the following substances is an element. [2]
Element . . . .
Reason . . . .
methane hydrogen ammonia
Turn over.
W10 0236 01 5
5. Group 7 of the Periodic Table is shown below. E represents a Group 7 element.
E is not the symbol of the element.
Group 7
Fluorine Chlorine Bromine
E Astatine
(i) Name element E. . . . . [1]
(ii) Give the number of electrons in the outer orbit (shell) of an atom of fluorine.
. . . . [1]
(iii) Choose from the list below the name by which Group 7 elements are also known.
alkali metals halogens noble gases transition metals
. . . . [1]
(236-01) Turn over. 7 (iv) The diagram below shows chlorine reacting with sodium.
chlorine gas
white sodium chloride formed on the sides of the gas jar
burning sodium
Refer to the table of common ions on the inside of the back cover of this examination paper to answer this question.
I. Give the formulae of the ions found in sodium chloride.
. . . . and . . . [1]
II. Give the chemical formula for sodium chloride. . . . [1]
(v) The word equation below represents the reaction between sodium and chlorine.
sodium + chlorine sodium chloride
I. Name the metal from the word equation. . . . [1]
II. Name the product of the reaction. . . . [1]
W10 0236 01 7
6. Marble chips (calcium carbonate) react with dilute hydrochloric acid forming carbon dioxide.
0.25 g of marble chips was placed in excess dilute hydrochloric acid.
The volume of carbon dioxide produced was recorded every 10 seconds.
The experiment was carried out at room temperature. The results obtained are shown below.
Time / seconds
Volume of carbon dioxide / cm3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0 26 40 52 54 60 60
(i) Plot the results from the table on the grid below and draw a smooth curve through the reliable points.
The first one has been done for you. [3]
Volume of carbon dioxide
/ cm3
Time / seconds
(236-01) Turn over. 7 (ii) Use the graph to find the:
I. volume of carbon dioxide formed after 25 seconds; [1]
. . . .cm3
II. time taken to form 30 cm3of carbon dioxide. [1]
. . . .seconds
(iii) Choose statements from the box below to complete the sentences that follow.
higher concentration lower concentration lower temperature powdered lump higher temperature
Each statement can be used once, more than once or not at all.
I. The rate of reaction could be increased by using the dilute hydrochloric acid at a
. . . .. [1]
II. The rate of reaction could be increased by using the marble chips in a
. . . . form. [1]
7. (a) Use the data and key on the Periodic Table of Elements, shown on the back page of this examination paper, to complete the following sentences.
(i) The element which has the chemical symbol S is . . . [1]
(ii) The element with the atomic number 47 is . . . [1]
(iii) The element which has the electronic structure 2,8,8,2 is . . . .[1]
(iv) The element which is in Group 0 and Period 1 is . . . [1]
(b) Using X to represent an electron, complete the following diagram to show the electronic
structure for an atom of silicon. [1]
(236-01)
5 8. (a) The table below shows the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from five countries between
1980 and 2000.
Country
United States United Kingdom
India China Japan
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
1263 1208 1315 1421 1626
160 156 158 155 158
95 133 186 250 315
403 532 655 873 911
251 248 292 310 331
Carbon dioxide emitted per year / million tonnes
Use only the information from the table above to answer parts (i)-(iii).
(i) Calculate the increase in carbon dioxide emission in the United States between 1980 and 2000.
. . . .million tonnes [1]
(ii) Name the country which had the biggest increase in the amount of carbon dioxide
emitted between 1980 and 2000. [1]
. . . .
(iii) Describe the trend in carbon dioxide emissions of the United Kingdom between 1980
and 2000. [1]
. . . .
(b) The increase in the combustion of fossil fuels is one reason for the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which in turn is the main cause of increasing global warming.
(i) State the effect of global warming on polar ice caps. [1]
. . . .
(ii) Give the name of the natural process which removes carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere. [1]
. . . .
The data has been obtained from NASA’s Global Climate Change website.
Turn over.
of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride.
20 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid was added to equal volumes and concentrations of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride. The temperature of the three mixtures was recorded using a sensor.
sodium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid
sodium hydroxide and dilute hydrochloric acid
sodium chloride and dilute hydrochloric acid
gas bubbles
10 20 30 40 50 60
Temperature / °C
sodium carbonate
sodium hydroxide sodium chloride
(236-01) Turn over.
(i) Use the graphs to give the maximum increase in temperature, if any, during the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and:
I. sodium chloride solution . . . .°C [1]
II. sodium hydroxide solution . . . .°C [1]
(ii) State the term used to describe the type of reaction which gives out heat. [1]
. . . .
(iii) Using the information from the diagram and the graph for sodium carbonate, state two pieces of evidence which indicate that a chemical reaction takes place between sodium
carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid. [2]
1. . . . .
2. . . . .
5
BLANK PAGE
FORMULAE FOR SOME COMMON IONS
POSITIVE IONS
Name Formula
NEGATIVE IONS
Name Formula
Aluminium Al3+
Ammonium NH +
Barium Ba2+
Calcium Ca2+
Copper(II) Cu2+
Hydrogen H+
Iron(II) Fe2+
Iron(III) Fe3+
Lithium Li+
Magnesium Mg2+
Nickel Ni2+
Potassium K+
Silver Ag+
Sodium Na+
Bromide Br–
Carbonate CO 2–
Chloride Cl–
Fluoride F–
Hydroxide OH–
Iodide I–
Nitrate NO –
Oxide O2–
Sulphate SO 2–
4
4 3 3
(236-01) Turn over.
Helium NeonFluorine Chlorine BromineSelenium
Boron Aluminium GalliumZincCopperNickelCobaltIronManganeseChromiumVanadiumTitaniumScandiumArsenic
Phosphorus
NitrogenCarbon Silicon Germanium
Sulphur
Oxygen Argon Krypton
4 2 Ne20 10F19 9O16 8C12 6N14 7B11 5 Ar40 18S32 16P31 15Si28 14Al27 13 Kr84 36Br80 35Se79 34As75 33Ge73 32Ga70 31Zn65 30Cu64 29Ni59 28Fe56 26Co59 27Mn55 25V51 23Cr52 24Ti48 22Sc45 21 IodineTelluriumIndiumCadmiumSilverPalladiumRhodiumRutheniumMolybdenumNiobiumZirconiumYttriumAntimonyTinXenonXe131 54I127 53Te128 52Sb122 51Sn119 50In115 49Cd112 48Ag108 47Pd106 46Ru101 44Rh103 45Tc99 43Nb93 41Mo96 42Zr91 40Y89 39 AstatinePoloniumThalliumMercuryGoldPlatinumIridiumOsmiumRheniumTungstenTantalumHafniumLanthanumBismuthLeadRadon
Rn222 86At210 85Po210 84Bi209 83Pb207 82Tl204 81Hg201 80Au197 79Pt195 78Os190 76Ir192 77Re186 75Ta181 73W184 74Hf179 72La139 57 Actinium
Ac227 89
Hydrogen
H1 1
3 0 56 7 4 Gr oup
PERIODIC T A BLE OF ELEMENTS
He Cl35 17 ZX
A Name
Element Symbol Atomic number
Mass number
Key:
Technetium
