The Comparison of <code>J2EE</code> and <code>.NET</code> for Enterprise Information Systems

THECOMPARISON OF J2EE AND.NET FOR ENTERPRISEINFORMATION SYSTEMS

JONGWOOK WOO

∗

Abstrat. e-BusinessandEnterpriseInformationSystemshaveheldthe spotlightsineInternetandWorld-Wide-Webame

outtotheworld. Thee-Businessappliationshavebeenevolvedfromlegaylient-serverarhitetureinton-tierarhiteture,lately

evenintoEnterpriseInformationSystems. Therearetwofamousapproahestobuildthee-Businessappliations,whihareJ2EE

and.NET.Inthispaper,e-Businessandn-tierarhitetureareillustrated. Besides,n-tierarhitetureforEnterpriseInformation

Systemsisintrodued,whihprovide theaess tothe disparatedata soures. Inaddition, J2EE and .NET areompared for

e-BusinessappliationsbasedonmanyriteriainludingthemethodologiestoimplementEnterpriseInformationSystems.

Keywords.IntegratedInformationSystems,EnterpriseInformationSystems,e-Business,J2EE,.NET,n-Tierarhiteture

1. Introdution. e-BusinesssystemshavebeenpopularintheworldsineInternetandWorld-Wide-Web

ameout. IBMdenese-Businessastheleveragingofnetworkapabilitiesandtehnologiesinordertoahieve

andmaintainthehugeadvantagesforustomers,suppliers,partners,andemployees[9℄. e-Businessativitiesan

belassiedintothree ategoriesbasedonend-usersof transations,normallyontheInternet: Intra-business,

Business-to-onsumer, and Business-to-business. Intra-business ativity is to share ompany information and

omputingresouresamongemployeesontheintranetsuhasknowledgemanagement. Business-to-onsumer,

the most ommonativity, is to provide servies to onsumerswho is out of organizationssuh as ustomer

resoure management, e-Commere, and web autions et. Business-to-businessativity is to improve

inter-organizationalpartnershipsandrelationshipssuhassupplyhainintegration[8℄.

The needs of the legay e-Business systems were simple to maintain funtionality and stability on the

orporateomputingenvironment. However,thelegaye-Businesssystemsarenotsuientfortheurrenthigh

volumee-Businesstransations. People needsystems that handle high workloadsand hangingrequirements

byapplying and adaptingappliations quikly. Businesseshaveto improveeieny by integratingdata and

appliationsarosstheenterprise. Besides,thehighestlevelsofperformaneandavailabilitymustbemaintained

for the ritial businesses. Thus, n-tier arhiteture for e-Business system has been presented. It partitions

systems and software to more exible bloks that havedierent roles in order to enable high performane,

salability,andavailabilitytobusinesses[2℄. Setion1ofthis paperintroduesn-tierarhiteturein detail.

Either Javaespeially, J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition)or ASP (Ative Server Pages) has been

ex-lusivelyused to build server siteweb systemsfor e-Business. J2EE is theone of editions in Java that is a

platformindependentandobjet-orientedlanguageJavaistheprodutofSunMirosystems. Thus,J2EE ts

well to build e-Businesssystemsat bothadevelopment andaserversitein bothUnix (Linux)and Windows

operating systems. Besides, the appliations of J2EE are normally built in Windows operating system and

published into serversinanyoperatingsystems. MirosoftCorporationprovidesASPfore-Business systems.

ASPappliations areintegratedwith theodesin Visual Basi orC++,et. givenby MirosoftCorporation

astheproduts. Therefore,ASPappliationsaredevelopedandpublishedonlyinWindowsoperatingsystems.

TheUnixoperatingsystemshavedominatedtheservermarket ofthelargeorganizationssuhasbanking

andentertainmentindustriesbeauseUnixOShavebeenmorestablethanWindowssothatitwashosenprior

toWindows. Thus, e-Businesssystemsoftheservermarkethavebeenmainlydevelopedin J2EE insteadofin

ASP. Mirosoft Corporationmight want to ompete with Unix systems forthe e-Business markets so that it

introduedtheoneptof.NET onJune2000. And,.NET hasbeenpresentedtothemarketin2002. .NET is

notonlyplatform independentevenit islimited forresearhbutalsoprogramminglanguageindependent.

.NET has been popular for several years in the e-Business world and ompeted with J2EEprobably has

dominatedthesmallbusinessesmorethanJ2EE.

In this paper, .NET and J2EE, the most popular e-Business development approahes, are ompared in

termsof programminglanguage, platformindependeny, omponentmodel, appliation server,market proof,

openness, andDatabaseonnetivityinluding theonnetivity to dispararedata soures. Sinethey arethe

standardsto build e-Businesssystems nowadays,this paperwill beuseful for people who wantto see the de

fatodistributed omputingenvironmentfore-Businesssystemsandwhowantto seletone ofapproahes. In

thepaper,Setion 2introduesthee-Businessarhitetures. Setion3desribestheframeworksofJ2EE and

.NET in detail. Setion 4ompares J2EE and .NET in terms of several fatorsinluding theapproah for

∗

Computer InformationSystems Department, CaliforniaState University, Los Angeles 90032-8530, Los Angeles, CA, USA

informationintegration. Setion5illustratesthesummaryoftheomparisonbasedontheanalysisinSetion4.

Setion6istheonlusion andulminationoftheomparisonforintegratedinformationsystems.

2. e-Business Arhiteture.

2.1. n-tier Arhiteture. ThetraditionalClient-Serverarhiteturehasamainframethatinludesore

appliations and data. The mainframe is aessed from thik lients that are big appliations that ontain

presentationandbusinesslogis. Weanallit2-tierarhitetureasshowninFigure.2.1. The2-tierarhiteture

hasmanyloadsbetweenlientandserverbeauseoftheirtightinteroperationsforitspresentationlogi,business

logi, and dataaess logi. As shown in Figure. 2.1, lienthas notonlythe operationsof presentation logi

but alsothe partorthe fullof business anddata aesslogis. This tight interoperationhasgenerated many

issuesintheurrenthighvolumebusinesssystems. Itisnotsalablebeauseitshouldreplaetheentiresystem

when its apaity is exeeded. And, it is notexible beause its presentation logi, business logi, and data

aess logi aretightly oupled. Ifthe developerwants to modify its business logi, he orsheshould modify

theentirelogis. Besides,thedevelopermustadaptormodifythebusinesslogiwhenitisintegratedwiththe

World-Wide-Weborotherappliations[2℄.

Fig.2.1. 2-tierArhiteture.

Then-tier arhiteturehas addressedtheissuesof the 2-tierarhiteture andbeome thesolutionof the

urrent e-Businesssystems onInternet and World-Wide-Web. It partitions appliation funtionalities into

n

independentlayers,mainly threelayersasinFigure.2.2. Thus,itbeomeseasiertointegratewiththeexisting

businesssystems. Thelayer1isthepresentationlogithatistypiallyhostedonWebserverwithwebbrowser.

Thepresentationlogiistosendtherequestoflientandreeiveitsresponsefrombusinesslogi. Theresponse

isnormally dynamior statiwebpagesformatted to present tothe lient. Thelayer2ishosted onmid-tier

(middleware) serveras business logi. It inludes thebusiness funtions that are themain of the e-Business

appliations on the n-tier arhiteture. It produes theresponse of the request from the lient and provides

theresponse to thelient. Ifthe requestis related to data aess,it will passthe dataaess request to the

bak-enddatabaseserver. Thelayer3ishostedonthebak-enddatabase,XML,orotherdatasouresasdata

aess logi. It is to handle therequest ofdata sourefrom the business logi. It hasthe funtions to aess

datasouressuhasdatabase,XML,lesystems,orEIS(EnterpriseInformationSystems)et. Sinebusiness

logiis separatedfrom presentationlogiand databaseaess logiphysially,eah layeran besalable and

upgradeableindependently. And,evenifalayerismodiedorreplaed,theappliation ofotherlayersdonot

needtoberereated. Besides,eahlayeranbeimplementedwithlusteredserversforitslogi. Thelustering

enableshigh-performane omputing, availability, and salability [2℄. Therefore, n-tier arhiteture hasbeen

2.2. n-tier Arhiteture forEnterpriseInformation Systems. Mostoftheorganizationsand

om-panies already have adopted n-tier Arhiteture for their e-Businesses. Simply, they havethe dierent data

soures and their data aess methods are dierent. Thus, eah organization'sindividual solution has made

morediulttoshare theinformationamong thedepartmentswithin anorganizationand amongthe

organi-zations. However,therehasbeengreat needto provideintegrated informationthese daysin order tosupport

ooperative works among stas in agenies and to support their employees and ustomers. If the dierent

organizationsorthe dierent departments ofan organizationhave theintegrated information, the integrated

informationsystemswill benetthepubli.

Integrated Information System an be dened asthe systemthat merges information from the disparate

(orheterogeneous)datasouresdespitedieringoneptual,ontextual,andtypographialrepresentationeven

indistributed appliations. Figure. 2.3showsthen-tierArhiteturewiththelayerofInformation Integration

logithatresidesonmiddlewareserverbetweenBusinessandData SoureAesslogi.

Fig.2.3. InformationIntegrationn-tierArhiteture.

3. The J2EE and .NET. J2EE and.NET aremostpopularprogramminglanguageand frameworkin

order to implementn-tier arhiteure. This setion illustratesthe fundamental onepts and framesof J2EE

and.NET.

3.1. J2EE. Java platform is omposed of APIs (Java Appliation Programming Interfaes) and JVM

(JavaVirtualMahine)asshowninFigure. 3.1. Javaprograms

J

2

SE

(Java2platformStandardEdition)

areompiledtoJavabyteodesthatareexeutableonJVM.JVMinterpretsthebyteodesfornativeoperating

systemof the omputersystem. In other words, thebyte odes are translatedto target languagesmahine

odesin order to run on theomputer system. Thus, Javabyte odes anbeexeutable on any operating

systemifitsJVMisinstalled. Thatis, Javaisaplatformindependentlanguagethatreduestheosttoadapt

theexistingJavaappliationsto newplatform.

Fig.3.1.TheJavaPlatform.

JavaAPIsareasetof built-inlibrariesasbyte odes. J2EE (Java2platform EnterpriseEdition) denes

the standardAPIs forn-tier arhiteture [10℄. J2EE has been popular to implemente-Business appliations

beauseitisplatformindependentandhashigherperformaneomparingtothelegayCGIsystemswithPerl,

PHPandC++et. MirosoftCorporation'sASPisanotherompetitortobuild e-Businessappliationsbutit

isonlyforMirosoftWindowssystemwiththeexlusiveIISwebserverthatistheprodutofMirosoft. Thus,

Fig.3.2.Appliation ServerforJ2EE.

J2EE is theextended APIsfrom

J

2

SE

. It is basedonthe J2EE omponentsfor modularization and to

simplifythedevelopmentylebyprovidingthedetails ofappliationbehaviors. Thus,itenhanesadeveloper

to fouson the business logi withoutimplementing theexpensive appliations suh as transation,seurity,

databasemanagement,andnamingservie,et. J2EE inludesthefeaturesof

J

2

SE

suhasplatform

indepen-denyandobjet-orientedlanguage. Besides,J2EE supports APIsforenterprisesystems: JDBCfordatabase

aess,EJB (Enterprise JavaBeans),JavaServlets, JSP (JavaServerPages),XML, JavaMail,and Java

Mes-saging et. As are

J

2

SE

odes, J2EE soure odes are ompiled to Javabyte odes and run on JVM that

onvertsJavabyteodesto themahine odes. Mostoperating systemssupportJVMso that aoderuns on

an operatingsystem should be exeutableonother operatingsystems, whih meets the poliy of

write-one-run-anywherefromSunMirosystems. InordertoexeuteJ2EE odes,aJ2EE appliationserverisneededas

wellasJVMasshowninFigure.3.2. TherearemanyappliationserversinthemarketsuhasBEAWebLogi,

IBMWebSphere,ATGDynamo,RedHatJBoss,ApaheTomCat,andSunOneAppliationserver,et. And,in

ordertoonnetdatabases,JDBCdriverisneededforeahdatabase. Normally,eahdatabasevendorprovides

its JDBCdriver. Sun Mirosystemsprovides the J2EE speiationfor J2EE appliation serversin oder to

maintainwrite-one-run-anywhere.

In Nov 2006, Sun Mirosystems announed to be open souring all of its Java Soure Implementations

under GPL (General Publi Liense) version 2 liensing used by GNU/Linux Operating System [17℄. The

platformimplementationsinlude JavaSE (JDK), JavaME(Mobile&Imbedded),andJavaEE.Beforethat,

thereareopenJavasoftwareprojetssuhasGNUJava[18℄andApaheHarmony[19℄. SineSunopensJava

implementations,theopenJavaplatformanaddressthenewmarketsforallJavadevies moredramatially.

3.2. .NET. Mirosoft Corporation is the most famous for Windows operating systems in the personal

omputer market. Mirosoft's ASP (Ative ServerPage) and languages in Visual Studio havebeen used to

build e-Businessappliationson Internetand World-Wide-Web. However,theappliations mainly depend on

WindowsoperatingsystemsothatMirosofthaslost themajorportionsofservermarketagainstUnixserver

systems. It means that Mirosoft may lose the huge market of e-Business system againstJ2EE. Therefore,

Mirosofthaspresented.NET solutioninJune2000. With.NET framework,Mirosoftanompetewithand

MirosofthasfousedonitsomponentssuhasCOM(ComponentObjetModel). Componentissimilar

to objet and it is the independent unit that provides a funtion to a lient with an interfae of operation,

property, and event. If a omponent is implemented, a developer an sell the omponent and modularize

aodewith thenumberofomponents. Besides, theomponentsmodularized anbeused in thedistributed

omputingenvironment. Theomponentmodelhasbeenextendedin.NET framework. Mirosofthasprodued

Windowsprodutsintegratedwith.NET frameworksuhasWindowsXPand2003serveret. .NET framework

supportsmulti-languageenvironment. Atthismoment,.NET frameworksupportsVisualBasi,C++,C

♯

,and

J

♯

languages. Any ode written in one of these languages is ompiled to a MSIL (Mirosoft Intermediate

Language)ode. Then, CRL(CommonRuntimeLanguage)of.NET frameworkinteroperatestheMSILodes

sothatMSILodesin anylanguagean ommuniate eah other. CRListo translatetheMSILodesto the

mahine odes as JVMdoes in Java. Besides, .NET framework mayaomplish the platform independeny

as Java does. Even though it only runs on Mirosoft Windows system at this moment, Mirosoft provides

SSCLI (SharedSoureCommon LanguageImplementation)to provides platformindependeny. Eventhough

itis notleariftheplatform independenyisthetarget of.NET, Mirosofthasstudiedthepossibleplatform

independenytobuild.NET frameworkexeutableonFreeBSDandMaOSX10.2operatingsystems[6℄.

M ono

projetis originallyan open developmentinitiative sponsored byNovellin orderto support .NET

developmentto

U nix OS

.

M ono

platformprovidesthe neessarysoftware suh asompilers andlibraries to

developandrun.NET lientandserveronanyplatform. Monoprojetprovidesbothprogramminglanguage

and platform independeny. The platforms to run

M ono

are

Linux

,

BSD

,

Solaris

,

M acOSX

,

W indows

,

and

U ni

x et. Multiple languagesan be used with

M ono

platform, whih are

C

#

.N ET

,

J ava

,

V B.N ET

,

ASP.N ET

,

P ython

,

P HP

,and

J avaScript

et[20℄.

4. J2EE and .NET omparison. This setion ompares J2EE and .NET in terms of programming

language, platformindependey, omponent model, databaseonnetivity, market, openness, and appliation

server. Besides, they are ompared for information integration that reeivesthe most spotlightin the world

thesedays.

4.1. ProgrammingLanguage. J2EE istheenterpriseeditionofJava. J2EE tehnologyandits

ompo-nentmodelis theextensionof

J

2

SE

. J2EE providessimpleenterprisedevelopmentand deploymentwiththe

enterpriseAPIssuhasJDBC,JNDI,Servlet,JSP,RMI,EJB,andJMS.TheJDBCwemayregarditasJava

DatabaseConnetivityAPIsareusedtoonnetaJavaodetoadatasoure,thatis,databasethatprovides

its JDBC driver. The JNDI (JavaNaming and Diretory Interfae) APIs are to register distributed objets

and aess oneof them. The Servlet APIs are to handle HTTP requests and responses betweenlients and

serverssuh asappliation and databaseservers. The JSPis to reate dynamipages asanextended format

of Servlet byintegrating presentationlogi with

HT M L

douments. The RMI(Remote Method Invoation)

APIsare toexeutethemethods ofthe remoteobjetsonnetworks. TheEJB APIsareto buildomponents

that simplify the implementation of serversite appliations suh assession ontrols with SessionBean, data

aess and mapping logiwith Entity Bean, and asynhronousmessaging with MessageBean. EJB also an

modulatetheappliationsasomponent. TheJMS(JavaMessagingServie)APIsaretoprovidesynhronous

ommuniationsbetweenobjets. Besides,sineJavaisanobjet-orientedlanguage,theodeswritteninJ2EE

are easy to extend and to maintain. Therefore, J2EE has beena wll-known solution for e-Businesssystems

morethan10years.

.NET istheprodut ofMirosoftorporation. Itis languageindependentsothat theexisting.NET

pro-gramminglanguagessuhasC++.NET,

V isualBasic.N ET

,

ASP.N ET

,C

♯

.NET,andJ

♯

.NETaninteroperate

eahotheronCommonRuntimeLibrary(CRL)of.NET framework. Mirosoft's

V isualStudio.N ET

supports

theselanguageswitheahompilerofthelanguagesthatsupportsCRL[3-5℄. Therefore,weansimplyextend

theexisting enterprise systemsbuiltin oneof theselanguagesby usinganyof those programminglanguages.

Besides,.NET languagesareobjet-orientedlanguagesthathavethesamebenetsasJ2EE.Thus,.NET

frame-work is moreextensibleinpartiular, on WindowsthanJ2EE asit isprogramminglanguageindependent

andobjet-oriented.

4.2. Platform Independeny. Javais the platform independent languagewith JVM provided by Sun

Mirosystems. JavaodesinJ2EE areompiledtoJavabyteodesasinJ2SE.TheJavabyteodesanrunon

anyplatformsuhasUnix(Linux)orWindowsenvironment,inwhihtheplatformhasitsJVMinstalled. JVM

onvertsthebyteodesto mahineodesoftheplatform. AlmostallplatformshavetheirJVMsto makeJava

CommonLanguageImplementation). Itistheworkingimplementationto provideaPlatformAdaption Layer

(PAL) for aademis and researhers. SSCLI is under a nonommerial shared-soureliense and it will run

onMirosoft WindowsXP, the FreeBSDOS, and Ma OSX 10.2 [5℄. If SSCLI is suessful, odes on.NET

frameworkwillberunonFreeBSDOSandMaOSX10.2aswellasWindowsOS.Therefore,.NET framework

mayahievetheplatformindependenyeventhoughitdoesnotrunonmostUNIXOSs.

4.3. Component Model. Componentin software anbedened asan independent unit to providean

operationwiththeinterfaessuhasoperation,property,andevent. Ifaomponentmodelisbuiltforaertain

funtion,theomponentanbesalableandintegratedwithotherproduts. Inaddition,manyomponentsan

bedevelopedinmodulesandrunondistributedomputingenvironment. Eahomponentshouldberegistered

in anaming serverfor distributed omputing environment. J2EE providesomponentmodelnamed EJB. It

runsonanEJB appliationserver. Thebasiideaisto usethebuilt-inappliations ofEJBappliation server

suh asexpensive seurity, transation, and database integration funtions. If adeveloperpurhase an EJB

appliation server,the developeran onlyfouses onimplementinghisorherbusiness logiwithEJB instead

of spending on building those expensive funtions. It will save time and ost to develop a produt of the

organization. EJB appliation server normallyinludes JNDI (Java Naming and Diretory Interfae)server.

EJBs are registered to the JNDI server so that an EJB objets registered an be found in the JNDI server

whenevertheyarealled inaode.

MirosoftCorporationhasdevelopedaomponentmodelsuhasCOM(ComponentObjetModel). Itisa

Mirosoftspeiationforomponentinteroperability. IthasbeenextendedtoDCOM(DistributedComponent

ObjetModel)in1990s. About1997,COM+planwasannounedbyMirosoft,whihisanextensionofCOM.

COM+buildsonCOM'sintegratedserviesandfeatures. Italsomakesiteasierfordeveloperstoreateanduse

softwareomponentsinanylanguage[4℄. MirosoftCorporationhasappliedtheexistingomponentoneptto

.NET framework. .NET frameworkis anintegralWindowsomponentforbuildingand runningthesoftware

appliationsandWebservies. However,.NET omponentsareonlyregisteredintheWindowsregistry. Thus,

itannotbeseperatedfromtehnologyandsupport ofMirosoftproduts.

4.4. Databaseonnetion. JDBCtehnologyisanAPItoaessvirtuallyanytabulardatasourefrom

Javaodes. Ifa data souresuh asdatabaseis linked to JDBC driver,Javaodes anaess thedatabase.

Normally,eahdatabasevendorprovidesitsJDBCdriverasthedatabaseprodut. WhenaJavaodeisbuilt

fordatabaseaessappliation,itneedstoreferto lassesofJDBCAPIoftheJDBCdriverthatisaessible

from theode. Inaddition to JDBC,anentitybeanof EJB hasdatabaseonnetioninterfaes. A developer

aneasilyimplementanentitybeanthat onnetsadatabasewithoutbuilding JDBConnetionlogi. Thus,

thedeveloperanonlyfousonimplementingbusinesslogiso thatitwillsavetheostofhisorherprodut.

OLE(ObjetLinkingandEmbedding)DBisastandardinterfaeofMirosoftwithwhihadeveloperan

referto any data soure. It is builtin asapart of the.NET framework. ADO (AtiveX DataObjet).NET

is on top of OLE DB as another layer.

ADO.N ET

is a database objet model that is omposed of many

standard lasses to refer to data from any database. The integrated developing environment (IDE) suh as

Visual Studio .NET normally supports the OLEDB database providerof eah database. Sine the provider

usesertain

ADO.N ET

lassestoonnetadatabase,thedeveloperaneasilyestablishthedatabaseonnetion

appliationin .NET.

4.5. Appliation Server. Javaodes run on JVM. However, J2EE odes are not exeutableon JVM

alone. It needs an appliation serverthat makestheodes exeutable. J2EE odeson anappliation server

are mainly for web appliationsyou may regard them as e-Business appliations. The popular appliation

serversinthemarketnowareBEAWebLogi, IBMWebSphere,ATGDynamo,and Oraleappliation server

et. Besides, there are free appliation serverssuh as Apahe TomCat and RedHat JBoss. Sine there are

many vendors that implement appliation servers, some J2EE odes runnable on an appliation server are

not exeutable on other servers. It violates the motive of Java language. Thus, Sun Mirosystems provides

J2EE speiation to keepthe write-one-run-anywheremotto. Thus, any J2EE appliation will runon the

appliation serverif the vendor follows the diretion of the speiation when implementing the appliation

server. Theserverthat meetsthespeiationisalledtheSunertiedJ2EE appliationserver

Torun.NET appliationsonthelegayWindowsOS,.NET frameworkisneededthatanbedownloaded

fromtheMirosoftCorporationwebsite[3℄. Otherwise,weanpurhaseandinstallWindowsserver2003torun

.NET appliations. Forwebappliations,normally,

ASP.N ET

isusedforalientsitewebbrowsertoaess

thedynami funtions builtin other .NET languagesat aserversite.

ASP.N ET

only runs onMirosoftIIS

The IIS server handles both stati and dynami web pages so that we an all it appliation server. Sine

therearesomeissuesinIISserver,forexample,seurityandopensoureneeds,MirosoftprovidesCassinithat

issoure-availableWebserverplatform andwritten entirelyin C

♯

. Thus, adeveloperanmodifythe internal funtionsofCassiniforhisorherneedandimplementthe.NET ompatibleappliationserver. Cassinisupports

ASP.N ET

and otherbasifuntions suhasdiretorybrowsingonHTTP1.1. YouandemonstrateCassini

onthe.NET Framework[1℄.

4.6. Openness. There havebeenmanyapproahesforJavaOpenSoure. Sunhashadan

OpenSolaris

projettodevelop

SolarisOS

byreleasingmostoftheSolarissoureodeundertheCommonDevelopmentand DistributionLiense(

CDDL

)[21℄. However,manyopensoureommunitiesritisizethat

OpenSolaris

projet

does not have the true open soure ommunity proesses.

Sun

provided Javaopen soure for

OpenSolaris

projet. And,

GN U J ava

projethassupported

J ava

languagewith

J ava

Compilerand

V M

et[18℄.

Apache

also launhed

Harmony

projetto support platform independent

J avaSE

5

J DK

under

Apache

liense [19℄.

OnNov2006,

Sun

announedtoopen Javasourefor

SE

,

M E

,and

EE

under

GN U GP L

liense [17℄. And,

manyopensoureommunitiesbelievethatitanbeusefulfor

J ava

worldamazingly.

M ono

projet is to provide open soure software for .NET on

U nix

platform sponsored by

N ovell

. It

provides .NET ompiler and libraries et. Besides, it is atually both platform and language independent

platformeventhoughitneedsmorestudiestobeompatible totheplatformsandlangauges[20℄.

4.7. Information Integration. Therehasbeengreatneedtointegrateandsharetheinformationamong

disparate data soures within the sameor among many dierentorganizations. We andene the disparate

datasouresasdatabasesfromdierenvendors,lesystems,andXMLet. Theintegratedinformationsystem

hasmanydemandstosatisfyseurityandreliablerequirements,aswellasdataprivay,quality,andownership.

Inaddition,ithastheomplexityofintegratingdisparatedata. EnterpriseInformationIntegration(EII)isone

tehnialapproahthataddressesintegrationomplexity. EIIistheproessofusingdataabstrationtotakle

thedataaesshallengesandomplexityassoiatedwiththedisparatedatasouresine-Business.

InJava,therehavebeenseveralapproahestoresolvetheproblemtointegratethedisparatedatasouresfor

n-tierarhiteturesuhasJDO,JAXB,EMFandSDO.Withtheseapproahes,Javadevelopersanonlyfous

onthebusinesslogi withoutwastingresouresfordatamanagementappliations. JDOstandsforJavaData

ObjetsstandardizedbyJCP(JavaCommunityProess). ItprovidesanAPItoaessdataindatasouressuh

asdatabaseand lesystemset. EMF (Elipse Modeling Framework) generatesaunifying metamodel based

onadata modeldened usingJavainterfaes,XML shema,andUMLlass diagrams. JAXBstandsfor Java

APIforXMLData Binding. Itis releasebyJCPandusedto generateJavaobjetsin memoryorresponding

toXMLdata[11, 12℄.

SDOstandsforServieDataObjets. ItwasoriginallydevelopedasajointollaborationbetweenBEAand

IBMandisnowbeingdevelopedbyBEA,IBM,Orale,SAP,Siebel,SybaseandXCaliaet. SDOisabstrats

data in order to utilize multiple disparate data soures, whih inludes databases, entity EJB omponents,

XML, Web Servies, Java ConnetorArhiteture, and JSP pages [11-13℄. SDO provides SDO API asJDO.

However,SDOismoregeneralthanJDOsothatSDOanbeusedforbetweenanytiersonn-tierarhiteture

whileJDOisfor dataaesstieronly. JDOanbeevenonsidered asadatasoureforSDO. BothSDO and

EMF presentdatarepresentation. SDOis reatedbyEMF odegenerationandis afaade overEMF aspart

ofEMF projet. JAXBonlyfousesonJava-to-XMLbindingwhileSDO takesareofanydatasoure. Thus,

SDO hasbeenreeivedmany lightsasit provides onlyasingleand simpleinterfaeto avarietyof disparate

data. And,itanbealsoappliabletoSOA(ServieOrientedArhiteture)suh asWebServies[12℄.

MirosoftintroduedAtiveXDataObjets(ADO)onthereleaseofVB5. ADOwasbuilttoprovideaess

todisparatedatasouresondistributedomputing,thatis,n-tierarhiteture.

ADO.N ET

istheexpansionof

ADObyusingXML.Thereareproprietariesas

ADO.N ET

providerssuhasSimbaTehnologies,DataDiret

Tehnologies,andOpenLinkSoftwarethat presentdriversandbridgestoother datasoures[15℄.

ADO.N ET

isthe produtof Mirosoft. JavaSDO API isJSR (JavaSpeiationRequest) 235thatis therequest tobe

JavastandardAPI.

5. Summary. Upto Setion4,weseetheapproahofJ2EE and.NET tobuilde-Business appliations.

ItisdesribedhowJ2EE APIand.NET produtsare usedonn-tierarhiteturein Figure.4.1. Tobuildthe

presentationlogiofe-Businessappliation,JSPandservletofJ2EE APIand

ASP.N ET

of.NET framework

anbeused. Forthebusiness logi, EJBespeiallySession Beanand standardJavalassesfor J2EE and

Fig.4.1. J2EEand.NETonEnterprisen-tierArhiteture.

beusedas

ADO.N ET

in .NET. Forinformation integration ofJ2EE, SDOanresidesonbetween anytiers.

Finally,thedeveloperanimplementthedatabaseaesslogiwithEJBespeiallyEntityBeanandJDBC

lassesforJ2EE and

ADO.N ET

for.NET.

Figure.5.1summarizestheomparisonbetweenJ2EE and.NET fortheriteriaofe-Businessappliations

asanalyzedinSetion4. Theriteriaarehowtohandledynamiwebontents,howtoaessdatabase,platform

independeny, possibleprogramminglanguagestobuild theappliations,to seeifthereisaomponentmodel

andifitisprovenin themarket,howmuhtheosttousethem,howtointegrateheterogeneousdatasoures,

how is openness, and performane. In themarket,J2EE has beenproven formore than10 yearsand .NET

hasbeenonlyforseveral years. However,.NET hasbeenusedby many ompaniesand organizationssothat

it is already proven too. Interms of theost to build and exeute appliations, J2EE an be lessexpensive

sine itis free and there are free appliation serversto makethe J2EE odes run,for example, JBoss. But,

in .NET, people need to buy a VisualStudio.NET IDE (Integrated DevelopmentEnvironment) and IIS Web

serverin ordertobuildsolid appliations. As thealternativeandheapmethodologiestodevelope

ASP.N ET

appliations, CassiniasappliationserverandWebMatrix [16℄asIDEare notgood enoughto implementthe

solidproduts.

J2EE isplatformindependent. .NET istheMirosoftlanguageindependentbutnotplatformindependent.

However,thereisMonoprojettomake.NET odeexeutableon

U nix

platform. J2EE ommunityhasworked

onintegrated datasoureas

ADO.N ET

sothat

SDO

hasomeoutto theworld. Inorderto getthebenet ofopensoureas

Linux

hasdone,

Sun

providedopensourefor

J ava

.

For the performane, the Middleware Company presents the report insisting on that .NET has better

performaneonthePetStorebenhmarktunedfor.NET thanJ2EEonthebenhmark[7℄. However,sinethe

benhmarkisoptimizedfor.NET andexeutedonWindowsOSwhileJ2EE runsonJVMofWindowsOS,the

resultshouldbeamatterofourse. For thebetterfairness,theperformanesof .NET andJ2EE appliations

should be measured with the well optimized benhmark for both .NET and J2EE on the dierent platform

suhasUnix,whih isalmost impossibleat thismoment.

Fig.5.1. Summary: J2EEand.NET.

6. Conlusion. As e-Business appliations have been implemented, the importane of the information

integrationamong theollaborativegroupshasbeengrown. Inthis paper,n-tier arhiteture ofe-Businessis

desribed. Then,EnterpriseInformationSystemsarhitetureisintrodued. Themostpopularapproahesare

appliation serverthat meets thespeiationgiven bySun. .NET of MirosoftCorporationis the produt.

Thus, it is only dediated to Mirosoft produts. If onsidering the appliations on Windows only, .NET is

moreexiblethanJ2EE beauseitis programminglanguageindependent. J2EE and .NET areomparedin

termsofdynamiwebontent,databaseonnetivity,platformandlanguageindependeny,omponentmodel,

market, ost, openness, and heterogeneousdata soure integrationmethodologies. However, it isnot easy to

omparetheperformaneofJ2EE and.NET beause.NET isnotexeutableontheotherplatformsyet. The

papershouldbetheusefulreferenetoestablishe-BusinessandEnterpriseInformationSystemsforbothprot

andnon-protorganizationswhihdonothavethetehnialandarhiteturalideasforthesystems.

Note. Figure.6.1isthetableforaronymsusedinthispaper.

Fig.6.1. TableforAronyms

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Editedby: DomenioTalia

Reeived: May25,2006