Adaptive Immunity
Induction of Potent Adaptive Immunity by the Novel Polyion Complex Nanoparticles
... Improvement of antigen-specific adaptive immunity by dif- ferent PIC formulations. Biodegradable ␥-PGA-Phe-based ma- terials have great potential as vaccine adjuvants with sufficient safety profiles (11–13, ...
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Adaptive immunity in invertebrates: a straw house without a mechanistic foundation
... In this essay, we argue that a reliance on such phenomeno- logical observations is a flawed and inadequate approach to the study of innate immunity. It sidesteps scientific rigour in failing to rule out, by ...
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Autophagy in Innate Recognition of Pathogens and Adaptive Immunity
... detection of viral infections by delivering the cytosolic repli- cation complex of the virus to the site of endosomal sensor recognition. Although autophagy usually enhances the sig- naling pathway after PRRs sense the ...
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Adaptive Immunity Restricts Replication of Novel Murine Astroviruses
... The mechanisms of astrovirus pathogenesis are largely unknown, in part due to a lack of a small-animal model of disease. Using shotgun sequencing and a custom analysis pipeline, we identified two novel astroviruses ...
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Viral Diversity Threshold for Adaptive Immunity in Prokaryotes
... Despite the ubiquity of lytic prokaryotic viruses, less than 50% of bacteria maintain CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems. Here we formulate a testable hypothesis to explain the relative dearth of adaptive ...
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Was the evolutionary road towards adaptive immunity paved with endothelium?
... of adaptive immunity, based on variable lymphocyte receptors, has been con- sidered “a total surprise” [1] and has been described as “arguably the most exciting finding of the past decade in immunology” ...
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Emerging roles of lymphatic endothelium in regulating adaptive immunity
... This notion that antigen presentation kinetics help prime as well as control immune responses has profound implications for the importance of lymphatic flow in adaptive immunity. A recent study demonstrated ...
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Adaptive immunity in atherogenesis: new insights and therapeutic approaches
... and adaptive immunity due intimately involved in atherogenesis has provided novel targets to reduce the proinflammatory milieu of the developing atheroscle- rotic lesion, as discussed throughout this ...of ...
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The regulatory roles of neutrophils in adaptive immunity
... on adaptive immunity. Understanding how neutrophils modulate adaptive immunity may provide novel strategies and new therapeutic approaches for diseases associated with ...
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Host adaptive immunity deficiency in severe pandemic influenza
... impaired adaptive response and the release of immunosuppres- sory cytokines in the increased incidence of bacterial superinfection observed in severe disease following infection by p2009A(H1N1) ...
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Targeting innate immunity to downmodulate adaptive immunity and reverse type 1 diabetes
... Many different nonantigen-specific, but adaptive immune- directed (i.e., directed primarily to T and B cells), immuno- therapeutic approaches have been tried in the past 30 years. One of the first was cyclosporine ...
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An Evolutionary Link between Natural Transformation and CRISPR Adaptive Immunity
... competent bacteria have genomes that are more dynamic than those of noncompetent strains, consistent with our observations that competent bacteria have larger genomes with increased ge- nome rearrangements (Fig. 2). ...
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Enhanced priming of adaptive immunity by a proapoptotic mutant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
... Protective immunity against virulent M. tuberculosis challenge in guinea pigs following vaccination with Δ secA2. (A) Outbred Hartley guinea pigs were vaccinated intradermally with saline, BCG, or ΔsecA2 (n = 5 ...
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Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells: Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunity
... pDCs also accumulate in the epidermis and papillary dermis of the skin of patients with cutaneous SLE, psoriasis vulgaris, and allergic contact dermatitis but not in patients with atopic dermatitis (45, 151). pDCs may ...
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Adaptive immunity to rhinoviruses: sex and age matter
... We next examined the adaptive immune response in RV16 stimulated PBMC cultured for 5 days. RV16 expo- sure led to the synthesis of high concentrations of IFN-g and much smaller concentrations of IL-13 (Table 2; ...
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Dual destructive and protective roles of adaptive immunity in neurodegenerative disorders
... whereby processed and MHC-bound antigen is expressed on the cell surface in a configuration necessary for T cells to recognize the antigen via the TCR. Unlike Igs which recognize cellular- or non-cellular-bound antigen, ...
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Modulation of innate and adaptive immunity by Fasciola hepatica
... Helminths have evolved several mechanisms of immune subversion that been shown to modulate pathological inflammatory responses associated with allergy and autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, MS patients that are infected ...
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The iSBTc/SITC primer on tumor immunology and biological therapy of cancer: a summary of the 2010 program
... innate immunity and inflammation; an overview of adaptive immunity; dendritic cells; tumor microenvironment; regulatory immune cells; immune monitoring; cytokines in cancer immunotherapy; immune ...
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Dendritic Cells: Immune Regulators in Periodontal Health and Disease
... Although periodontal pathogens are essential for the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis, tissue damage is caused primarily by the host immune response 22 .CD4+ T cells play an important role in the ...
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Immunological outcomes of exercise in older adults
... and adaptive immunity, leading to increased incidences of infectious disease morbidity and mortality as well as heightened rates of other immune disorders such as autoimmunity, cancer, and infl ammatory ...
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