Adjacent vertices
A Submodule-Based Zero Divisors Graph for Modules
... The chromatic number, χ(Γ), of a graph Γ is the minimum number of colors needed to color the vertices of Γ, so that no two adjacent vertices share the same color. A graph Γ is called planar if it can ...
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Vol 2, No 12 (2011)
... the vertices of the graph represent cities and the edges represent the cost of traveling between the connected cities (adjacent vertices), traveling salesman problem is just about trying to find the ...
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Conflict-Free Coloring of Extended Duplicate Graph of Twig
... The vertex coloring of a graph is coloring the vertices of the graph in such a way that adjacent vertices have different colors. Motivated by the problem of frequency assignments in cellular ...
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b-Continuity Properties of the Cartesian Product of Tadpole Graphs and Paths
... All graphs considered in this paper are finite, simple, and undirected. For those terminologies not defined in this paper, the reader may refer to [3]. A proper k-coloring of a graph G is an assignment of k-colors to the ...
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Adjacent Vertex Distinguishing Proper Edge Colorings of Bicyclic Graphs
... any pair of adjacent vertices u and v. It is obvious that an avd-coloring exists provided that G contains no isolated edge. A k-avd-coloring of G is an avd-coloring of G using at most k colors. Let χ a ′ ...
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{2, 2}-Extendability of Planar Graphs
... to vertices of a planar graph will be ...two adjacent vertices on the boundary of the unbounded face are precolored, other vertices on the boundary of the unbounded face are assigned lists of ...
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Homomorphisms and related contractions of graphs
... An elementary homomorphism of a graph G is the identification of two non-adjacent vertices of G, and a homomorphism is a sequence of elementary homomorphisms... from VG onto VH such that[r] ...
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Computation of Pseudocoloring of Graphs through Python
... Abstract: In the task of coloring the vertices of a simple graph G one come across innumerable number of challenges. There are various graph coloring parameters available in the literature. The concept of pseudo ...
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On Pseudo Regular and Pseudo Irregular Bipolar Fuzzy Graphs
... is adjacent to the vertices with distinct pseudo ...the adjacent vertices of 7 8 with distinct pseudo degrees (k 1 , k 2 ) and (f 1 , f 2 ) ...
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Efficient Zero Ring Labeling of Graphs
... the vertices of the graph such that the sum of the labels of any two adjacent vertices is not the zero element in the ...all adjacent vertices is equal to the maximum degree of the ...
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Open Distance Pattern Edge Coloring of a Graph
... the vertices and edges of a graph which are required to posses certain conditions have often been motivated by their utility in various applied fields and their intrinsic mathematical ...two adjacent ...
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NEW CONCEPT OF FUZZY PLANAR GRAPHS
... and adjacent vertices with the distinct degrees (or) the non adjacent vertices with distinct degrees may happen to be adjacent vertices with same ...the adjacent ...
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Vol 3, No 8 (2012)
... of vertices in which one vertex can reach the other via a sequence of adjacent vertices is called ...of vertices, we can construct a reachability matrix R such as depicted in Figure ...
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Colouring of Graphs Using Colouring of Families of Disjoint Sets Technique
... two adjacent edges have not the same colour, andwant to colour vertices such that adjacent vertices and verticesjointed adjacent edgeshave not the same ...for adjacent ...
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Definition 2.3. A graph in which all vertices are adjacent to the remaining ones is said to be complete graph. Definition 2.4 Number of vertices adjacent to a given vertex is called the degree of the vertex and is denoted
... Graph colouring is one of the most important concepts in graph theory. Proper coloring of a graph is the coloring of vertices and edges with minimal number of colors such that no two adjacent ...
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Vol 7, No 6 (2016)
... Now, 𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑢𝑢) =0.6, 𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑣𝑣) = 0.4, 𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑤𝑤) = 0.55, 𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑥𝑥) = 0.366, 𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑦𝑦) = 0.5 and 𝑡𝑡𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑢𝑢) = 1.1, 𝑡𝑡𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑣𝑣) = 0.9, 𝑡𝑡𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑤𝑤) = 1.15, 𝑡𝑡𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑥𝑥) = 0.666, 𝑡𝑡𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎 (𝑦𝑦) = 0.8. Here, every pair ...
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Some Results On Divisor Cordial Labeling Of Graphs
... In the above labeling, see that the consecutive adjacent vertices having the labels even numbers and consecutive adjacent vertices having labels odd and even numbers contribute 1 to e[r] ...
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Minimum Dominating Extended Energy
... The perception of energy of a graph was led through I. Gutman [3] during 1978. G is a graph containing vertices and edges. Let ( a ij ) is an adjacency matrix of a graph. Eigenvalues 1 , 2 , 3 ,... ...
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Vol 6, No 10 (2015)
... of vertices present in the ...the vertices is found and the vertices with degree > = 2 are placed into a First-in First-out ...The vertices placed into the queue will be the cluster heads ...
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Computation of Chromatic Numbers for New Class of Graphs and its Applications
... assignment of colours to its elements of a graph such that no two adjacent elements have the same colour. An improper colouring or pseudocolouring of a graph is an assignment of colours to the elements of the ...
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