air sac
Comparison of air sac volume, lung volume and lung densities determined by use of computed tomography in conscious and anesthetized Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) positioned in ventral, dorsal and right lateral recumbency
... lowest air sac volume and the highest lung density, suggesting this position should be avoided for extended anesthesia times for this species and that ventral recumbency may be ...
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Air sac PO2 and oxygen depletion during dives of emperor penguins
... Plainsboro, NJ, USA) and thermistor (model 554; Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, OH, USA) were inserted percutaneously 10–14·cm through a peel-away catheter (a slit 14·g Angiocath catheter; Becton Dickinson, ...
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Singing with reduced air sac volume causes uniform decrease in airflow and sound amplitude in the zebra finch
... an air sac and therefore reduce the air reservoir available for ...of air available for expiration ranged from approximately 8 to 19%, but injections into the posterior thoracic air ...
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Ventilation patterns of the songbird lung/air sac system during different behaviors
... Birds were anesthetized with isoflurane for implantation of air sac cannulae, helium sensor probes and the tracheal flow probe. Flow probes and helium sensors were custom-made with microbead thermistors ...
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The influence of locomotion on air sac pressures in little penguins
... thoracic air sacs were cannulated with either PE200 or silastic tubing (internal diameter ...these air-sac cannulae were connected to Grass PT5 pressure transducers for separate air-sac ...
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Effects of Cold Exposure on Oxygen Consumption, Ventilation and Interclavicular Air Sac Gases in the Little Penguin(Eudyptula Minor)
... Introduction It is well established that the avian respiratory system plays an important part in thermoregulation during heat stress, but the interaction between respiration and temperat[r] ...
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Gas Exchange and Air Sac Composition in the Unanaesthetized, Spontaneously Breathing Goose
... Partial pressure of CO2 and O2 and exchange ratio R, calculated according to equation 3, for expired gas and air sacs in seven geese Inspired End-expired Mixed-expired Clavicular Cranial[r] ...
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Lung Air Sac Anatomy and Respiratory Pressures in the Bird
... pressure in sac total pressure differential between sacs i,j equilibrium pressure differential between sacs i, j transient pressure differential between sacs i, j resistance of bronchial[r] ...
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Flight motor driven respiratory air flow in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta
... posterior air sac oscillates around atmospheric pressure and the amplitude of the pressure pulses at the anterior and the posterior spiracles was only one-third to one-quarter of the amplitude during steady ...
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EXPERIMENTAL MODELS TO STUDY TUMOUR ANGIOGENESIS – IN VITRO, EX VIVO AND IN VIVO APPROACH
... Different types of in-vivo angiogenesis assays include Sponge Implantation Assay, Matrigel Plug Assay, The Corneal Angiogenesis Assay, Wound Healing Assay, and Dorsal Air Sac Model.. The[r] ...
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X ray computed tomography study of the flight adapted tracheal system in the blowfly Calliphora vicina, analysing the ventilation mechanism and flow directing valves
... the air sac ...of air sac septum opening and sealing of the thoracic ...retracted air sac septum and open valve lids, the orifices of the cephalic trachea (blue) and of the ...
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Detecting of Periodic Fasciculations of Avian Muscles Using Magnetic and Other Multimedia Devices
... thoracic air sac pressure, angular velocity sensors sewn on the back or hips, and optical reflection of LEDs (blue and green) from the skin of the hips make it possible to observe periodic vibrations ...
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Returning on empty: extreme blood O2 depletion underlies dive capacity of emperor penguins
... Accepted 30 September 2007 Summary blood lactate accumulation, 3 final arterial, venous Blood gas analyses from emperor penguins Aptenodytes and previously measured air sac PO2 values we[r] ...
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CONTROL OF SOUND PRODUCTION IN THE SYRINX OF THE FOWL GALLUS GALLUS
... Changes interclavicular air sac pressure A and airflow rate B resulting from indirect stimulation of the tracheolateralis muscles during artificial sound production.. On the left stepped[r] ...
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Respiration in exercising fowl I Oxygen consumption, respiratory rate and respired gases
... Oxygen consumption, respiratory frequency, and the Po of expiratory and interclavicular air sac gases were continuously monitored in six female domestic fowl trained to exercise on a tre[r] ...
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Acoustics of Sound Production and of Hearing in the Bladder Cicada Cystosoma Saundersii (Westwood)
... saundersii the abdomen is not enlarged, but it contains an air sac associated with the auditory tympana, and the hearing of the female is directional at the frequency of the male song Yo[r] ...
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Ultrastructural Description of Sarcocystis Sp. in Cardiac Mus-cle of Naturally Infected Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)
... In the high Andean region of Peru, South American camelids (SAC) are an important economic resource. The alpaca is a SAC that acts as an intermediate host of the two recog- nized Sarcocystis spp. affecting ...
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Sheephaven SAC 001190
... this SAC overlaps with Horn Head to Fanad Head SPA ...Lough SAC (000194), Cloghernagore Bog and Glenveagh National Park SAC (002047) and Mulroy Bay SAC ...
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The endolymphatic duct and sac
... The main arterial supply of the ED and ES appears to be the occipital artery (24). The paravestibular canaliculus, or accessary canal of the VA, is an often duplicated, diminutive bony canal that carries a vein from the ...
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Cloughmoyne SAC 000479
... this SAC, the habitat is largely confined to hilly land in the east of the SAC where there are some typical clint and grike features in addition to mostly shattered pavement with loose limestone rubble ...
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