Bi-directional Causality
Impact of Monetary Policy on Economic Growth in Nigeria
... granger causality test was done on our va- riables and the results showed the existence of a uni-directional causality be- tween money supply and economic growth, economic growth granger causing ...
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Granger Causality Between Gross Domestic Product and Economic Sectors in Developing Countries: A Panel Co-integration Approach
... Granger causality indicate that there is a short run bi-directional Granger causality between lnGDP and lnAGR, a short run bi-directional Granger causality between lnGDP ...
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ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH:
... This paper investigates the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Pakistan. Energy plays crucial role in the development of a country. It has always been critical for the development and growth ...
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Market Size and Export-Led Growth Hypotheses: New Evidence from Malaysia
... of bi-directional causality between exports and inward ...uni-directional causality running from GDP to exports, affirming growth-led exports ...one-way causality from GDP to ...
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Export-led Growth: A Case Study of Mexico Kimberly Waithe, Troy Lorde, Brian Francis
... Granger causality tests to analyze the relationship between export growth and economic growth for 37 developing countries and find evidence to support the ELGH in only 4 (Indonesia, Egypt, Costa Rica, and ...
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Volatility Transmission and Spillovers among Gold, Bonds and Stocks: An Empirical Evidence from Turkey
... a bi-directional causality between gold and VIX returns at stable times, whereas there exists a uni-directional causality from gold prices to VIX at times of market ...unidirectional ...
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Causal Relationship Between Exports and Agricultural GDP in Pakistan
... Engle-Granger Causality estimation also confirms the bi-directional causality among the variables under ...run causality among the ...run causality in our ...
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Relationship of Causality Between Spot And Futures Markets of Borsa Istanbul Index 30 and Dow Jones Industrial Average
... a bi-directional causality relationship between the futures and spot prices using the Vector Error Correction Model ...granger causality and conditional granger tests in ...granger ...
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Impact of Foreign Direct Investment & Domestic Investment on Economic Growth of Malaysia
... indicate bi- directional causality between FDI and economic ...a bi-directional causality between GDP and FDI for both short-run and long-run which was contrary to the findings ...
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Government expenditure revenue nexus reconsidered for Nigeria: Does structural break matter?
... (MWALD)-based causality test that arbitrage between the results with and without structural breaks was conducted to determine the direction of causality between the government expenditure and ...the ...
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Bi Directional Signal Transmission in EPR Correlation
... which direction to measure each photon’s polarization at P and Q after the photon left the source at S-too late for a message to reach the opposite photon, [7] making the causal link P ← S → Q improbable and the ...
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Bi Directional Giant Magneto Impedance Sensor
... magnetic field sensor based on the GMI effect, using dual spiral shaped sensor element. A spiral shaped struc- ture shows high Giant Magneto Reactance sensitivity due to a large contribution from the change in inductance ...
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Towards Convenient Bi Directional Grammar Formalisms
... Towards Convenient Bi Directional Grammar Formalisms , , c Towards Convenient Bi Directional G r a m m a r Formalisms ? I ' ? ' Abstract P N e w m z r n IBM Pale Alto Scientific Center 1530 Page Mill[.] ...
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Bi directional Attention with Agreement for Dependency Parsing
... novel bi-directional attention model for dependency parsing, which learns to agree on headword predictions from the for- ward and backward parsing ...
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Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on GDP: Empirical Evidence from Developing Country
... This study is a modest attempt to examine the empirical relationship between FDI and economic growth in Bangladesh from 1987 to 2011. The main focus of this study lies in analyzing the behavior of some selected ...
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Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter
... the bi-directional DC-DC converter, the LT8228 controller is selected due to its bi-directional buck and boost capabilities, wide input-output voltage range and over current ...
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Fast and exact bi directional fitting of active appearance models
... Fig.2 shows the obtained results on LFPW. Our bi- directional version (Fast Bd) performs the same as the Fast- SIC and better than the Fast-Forward and [12] while converg- ing much faster. The same can be ...
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Bi directional route learning in wood ants
... The methodologies of the Cataglyphis and Formica experiments differ in the sense that the wood ants had no experience of a homeward route before testing, whereas the desert ants were tra[r] ...
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MiRNAs in cancer therapy: focusing on their bi-directional roles
... the bi-directional roles of miR- NAs in both tumor cells and T cells in cancer therapy, not just the effects of the miRNAs that are specific to the can- cer cells ...
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An Integrated Bi-directional Automotive Charging System With Controller
... On average most of the vehicles spend about 90 percent of the whole time sitting idle. This large amount of time can be utilized effectively by selling the excess energy while the demand is very high. It will give the ...
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