BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN
Re-Assembled Botulinum Neurotoxin Inhibits CNS Functions without Systemic Toxicity
... of botulinum neurotoxins lies in the treatment of epilepsy ...of botulinum neurotoxin into defined areas of the brain result in a long-term reversible silencing of the epileptic focus in animal ...
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Botulinum neurotoxin type A for the treatment of pain: not just in migraine and trigeminal neuralgia
... Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), a potent natural toxin produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostri- dium botulinum , blocks the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction by inhibiting the ...
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The Receptor Binding Domain of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A (BoNT/A) Inhibits BoNT/A and BoNT/E Intoxications In Vivo
... 2009. Botulinum neurotox- ins C, E, and F bind gangliosides via a conserved binding site prior to stimulation-dependent uptake with botulinum neurotoxin F utilising the three isoforms of SV2 as ...
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Characterization of New Formalin-Detoxified Botulinum Neurotoxin Toxoids
... formalin-detoxified botulinum neurotoxin preparations were measured by inhibition and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunogenicity was studied in ...150-kDa neurotoxin ...
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Botulinum Neurotoxin Producing Bacteria Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?
... C. botulinum continued to be used to differentiate proteolytic from nonproteolytic neurotoxin-producing clostridia for at least the next 30 years, after which ...any botulinum ...
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Isolation and Characterization of the Novel Botulinum Neurotoxin A Subtype 6
... encoding botulinum neurotoxin B2 (GenBank accession number FJ981697) in ...C. botulinum strain CDC41370 was inactivated with a ClosTron mutagen- esis system by insertion of a mobile group II intron ...
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Botulinum neurotoxin A treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in multiple sclerosis
... linked. Botulinum neurotoxin-A injection represents a significant advance in the management of voiding dysfunction among MS patients fail- ing first-line ...
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Botulinum neurotoxin type C protease induces apoptosis in differentiated human neuroblastoma cells
... from botulinum neurotoxin type ...markers. Botulinum neurotoxin type C which cleaves neuron-specific SNAP25 and syntaxin1 caused apoptotic death only in differentiated neuroblastoma ...C ...
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Neutralizing antibodies to botulinum neurotoxin type A in aesthetic medicine: five case reports
... Abstract: Botulinum neurotoxin injections are a valuable treatment modality for many therapeutic indications as well as in the aesthetic field for facial ...to botulinum toxin preparations after ...
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Evaluation of a Recombinant Hc of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype F as an Effective Subunit Vaccine
... against botulinum neurotoxin for humans under IND (for in- vestigational new drugs) status is a formalin-inactivated pen- tavalent vaccine against serotypes A through E ...than neurotoxin serotype G, ...
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An Ultrasensitive Gold Nanoparticle based Lateral Flow Test for the Detection of Active Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A
... several botulinum neurotoxin-producing Clostridia ...on botulinum neurotoxin-spiked human serum ...of botulinum neurotoxin using only 1 μ L of simulated serum, and its ...
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Sectioned images and surface models of a cadaver head with reference to botulinum neurotoxin injection
... of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BTX) as a nonsurgical therapy of the facial muscle is generally considered to be a safer and more reliable choice than traditional surgical treatment ...
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Inhalational Botulism in Rhesus Macaques Exposed to Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex Serotypes A1 and B1
... to botulinum neurotoxin-induced ...to botulinum neurotoxin exposure, as were those microscopic findings that corresponded to gross findings already discussed ...
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Botulinum neurotoxin formulations: overcoming the confusion
... HS. Botulinum toxins: mechanisms of action, anti- nociception and clinical ...of botulinum neurotoxin B, C1, E, and F compared with the long lasting type ...
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A new treatment for focal dystonias: incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin<sup>®</sup>), a botulinum neurotoxin type A free from complexing proteins
... Abstract: Dystonia is a movement disorder of uncertain pathogenesis that is characterized by involuntary and inappropriate muscle contractions which cause sustained abnormal postures and movements of multiple or single ...
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Effects of a Unilateral Injection of Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype-A in the Subthalamic Nucleus of a Parkinsonian Rat Model
... infusing botulinum toxin (BoNT-A) into the internal globus pallidus provided a transient restoration of motor asymmetry and goal-directed locomotion in a rat model of ...
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Development of an in vitro model to measure bioactivity of botulinum neurotoxin A in rat bladder muscle strips
... In this study, an in vitro bladder strip model was vali- dated to measure the spread and the inhibitory effects of low concentrations of BoNT-A on bladder muscle contractions.. The sprea[r] ...
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Original Article Effect of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) on the morphology and viability of 3T3 murine fibroblasts
... of botulinum toxin type A on human dermal fibroblasts: an in vitro ...J. Botulinum toxin type A in- hibits the growth of LNCaP human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in ...
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Assessment: Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders (an evidence-based review)Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
... forms botulinum toxin injections and has received payment for expert ...forms botulinum toxin ...performs botulinum toxin injections, and presents annual courses at AANEM on ...performs ...
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Comparison of botulinum neurotoxin type A formulations in Asia
... Xeomin (Batch 31149; Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Rein- heim, Germany), were measured using a sandwich ELISA with antisera (Table 1). Because the manufacturing process for a biologic therapeutic should be consistent and ...
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