Central pattern generator (CPG)
Impact of movement and movement related feedback on the lamprey central pattern generator for locomotion
... spinal pattern generator combined with a variety of sensory feedback signals and descending control ...motor pattern must also be matched to the mechanical properties of the ...locomotor ...
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Symmetry breaking in a rate model for a biped locomotion central pattern generator
... It is generally believed, with much circumstantial evidence and a growing amount of more specific evidence, that gait patterns in mammals, reptiles, and indeed many other animals are determined by a relatively simple ...
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Bifurcations of limit cycles in a reduced model of the Xenopus tadpole central pattern generator
... Abstract We present the study of a minimal microcircuit controlling locomotion in two-day-old Xenopus tadpoles. During swimming, neurons in the spinal central pattern generator (CPG) generate ...
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Central pattern generator for swimming in Melibe
... the central pattern generator (CPG) for this locomotor behavior, one of only a few such networks to be described in cellular ...firing pattern of an individual ...
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Evidence of a central pattern generator regulating spermathecal muscle activity in Locusta migratoria and its coordination with oviposition
... the central nervous system below the metathoracic ganglion, rhythmic patterned bursting was detected by extracellular recordings of the nerve N2B2 that innervates the muscles of the ...bursting pattern was ...
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The locust frontal ganglion: a central pattern generator network controlling foregut rhythmic motor patterns
... ganglion central pattern generator In an in vitro preparation, isolated from all descending and sensory inputs, the FG generated spontaneous rhythmic ...rhythmic pattern that lasted for ...
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The locust frontal ganglion: a central pattern generator network controlling foregut rhythmic motor patterns
... ganglion central pattern generator In an in vitro preparation, isolated from all descending and sensory inputs, the FG generated spontaneous rhythmic ...rhythmic pattern that lasted for ...
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A muscarinic cholinergic mechanism underlies activation of the central pattern generator for locust flight
... Central pattern generators (CPGs), comprising networks of central neurones that can produce the basic motor patterns underlying numerous rhythmic behaviours without sensory timing cues, are ...
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GAIT GENERATION AND TRANSITION FOR BIPEDAL LOCOMOTION SYSTEM USING MORRIS-LECAR MODEL OF CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATOR
... model in which phase dierences between oscillators could be arbitrarily adjusted. They realized a con- tinuous gait transition between walk and trot gaits in a quadruped robot. Specially, they used an adaptive frequency ...
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Contextual modulation of a multifunctional central pattern generator
... termed central pattern generators (CPGs) and they have the potential to produce different motor outputs depending on the current external and internal environment of the organism (McCrea and Rybak, 2008; ...
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The action of acetylcholine on the locomotor central pattern generator for swimming in Xenopus embryos
... In whole-embryo preparations ACh evoked a burst of activity, followed by an increased frequency of spontaneous swimming episodes, similar to that seen in isolated nervous systems N=7, Fi[r] ...
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Research and development on motion control for one legged type hopping robot
... has developed the quadruped hopping robot which is using Central Pattern Generator CPG s to generate the continuous jumping performance while control the stability of body balance[1]...[r] ...
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Regulation of the respiratory central pattern generator by chloride dependent inhibition during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
... in central chemosensitivity during development have been measured in bullfrog tadpoles, indicating the viability of the preparation over a large range of developmental stages (Torgerson et ...
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Control of Xenopus tadpole locomotion via selective expression of Ih in excitatory interneurons
... We have also documented in previous studies that dINs are the only neuron class in the Xenopus locomotor central pattern generator CPG not to display an activity-dependent Na/K pump curr[r] ...
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Beyond the central pattern generator: amine modulation of decision making neural pathways descending from the brain of the medicinal leech
... Because brain neurons Tr1 and Tr2 can also induce a gradual and sustained excitation of the serotonergic Retzius cells Brodfuehrer and Friesen, 1986b, descending command-like neurons als[r] ...
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Remote Control of the Swimmeret Central Pattern Generator in Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii and Pacifastacus Leniusculus): Effect of a Walking Leg Proprioceptor
... Since the stimulation was applied randomly with regard to the swimmeret cycles, and since the first powerstroke burst following electrical stimulation of the CBCO nerve was either delaye[r] ...
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Control of a central pattern generator by an identified modulatory interneurone in crustacea II Induction and modification of plateau properties in pyloric neurones
... Modifications of the plateau properties of the pyloric neurones underly modulation of the pyloric output by the interneurone APM The modulation of the pyloric activity is seen in three p[r] ...
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Changes in wingstroke kinematics associated with a change in swimming speed in a pteropod mollusk, Clione limacina
... Clione’s wing flapping is controlled by a central pattern generator (CPG), which consists of two groups of neurons that fire out of phase. One group initiates upstroke, the other downstroke. Rhythmic ...
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Control of a central pattern generator by an identified modulatory interneurone in crustacea I Modulation of the pyloric motor output
... to hours; we have seen that the modifications provoked by APM are first visible aboSB 1 s after the start of APM firing, that they peak 3-5 s later although APM's spikes reach the stomat[r] ...
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Serotonin modulates the central pattern generator for locomotion in the isolated lamprey spinal cord
... Serotonin had three major effects on the swimming motor programme: 1 a dosedependent reduction in the frequency of ventral root bursts; 2 an increase in the intensity of each ventral roo[r] ...
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