Double-stranded RNA-Dependent kinase
The Cellular TAR RNA Binding Protein, TRBP, Promotes HIV-1 Replication Primarily by Inhibiting the Activation of Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Kinase PKR
... TAR RNA into cells has been reported to suppress the efficacy of RNAi silencing ...of RNA isolated from HeLa cells transfected with these plasmids (data not ...
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NSs Protein of Rift Valley Fever Virus Induces the Specific Degradation of the Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase
... fected cells, whereas Clone 13 infection even increased PKR levels (data not shown). Being a strong inducer of IFN- ␣ /  , the unchanged levels of PKR in Clone 13-infected MEFs at 12 h p.i. could simply reflect a ...
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Stress Granules Regulate Double Stranded RNA Dependent Protein Kinase Activation through a Complex Containing G3BP1 and Caprin1
... contributes to the previously reported antiviral function of G3BP1 against several picornaviruses (27). This mechanism shows that SG formation, through G3BP1 and Caprin1, can induce innate immune activation. These ...
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The VP35 Protein of Ebola Virus Inhibits the Antiviral Effect Mediated by Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR
... PKR is a key component in mediating the interferon-in- duced antiviral response (18). In response to virus infection, PKR forms a homodimer and autophosphorylates on multiple serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues (17, ...
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Interferon-mediated, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase is inhibited in extracts from vaccinia virus-infected cells.
... Inhibition of the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase activity on exogenous eIF2 in extracts from interferon-treated and control mouse L929 cells infected with vaccinia virus.. Extracts were [r] ...
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Herpes Simplex Virus Selectively Induces Expression of the CC Chemokine RANTES/CCL5 in Macrophages through a Mechanism Dependent on PKR and ICP0
... Recruitment of leukocytes is essential for eventual control of virus infections. Macrophages represent a leukocyte population involved in the first line of defense against many infections, including herpes simplex virus ...
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Cooperative Roles of Fish Protein Kinase Containing Z-DNA Binding Domains and Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase in Interferon-Mediated Antiviral Response
... dual-specificity kinase (31, ...serine/threonine kinase, IFNs induce ty- rosine phosphorylation of human PKR by activating JAK1 and Tyk2, which are essential for kinase activation and eIF2 ␣ phos- ...
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The C Proteins of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 1 Limit Double-Stranded RNA Accumulation That Would Otherwise Trigger Activation of MDA5 and Protein Kinase R
... of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), an intermediate of RNA viral replication, is recognized as a pathogen-associated mo- lecular pattern by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and two caspase recruitment ...
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Inhibition of L-Deleted Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replication by Alpha/Beta Interferon Involves Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase
... and RNA syntheses in infected IBRS2 cells showed that IFN-␣/ treatment significantly inhibited viral protein syn- thesis even in the presence of newly synthesized viral RNA, suggesting the involvement of ...
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The E3L and K3L vaccinia virus gene products stimulate translation through inhibition of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase by different mechanisms.
... This system exploits the ~g unique property of some plasmid-derived mRNAs to elicit localized DAI kinase activation during COS-1 cell transient transfection, resulting in increased eIF-2[r] ...
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West Nile Virus-Induced Interferon Production Is Mediated by the Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR
... the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase PKR, which has been shown to function as a PRR in cells treated with the dsRNA mimetic poly(I:C), serves as a PRR in West Nile ...
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Protein Activates Transcription Factor NF-κB through the Cellular Interferon-Inducible, Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase, PKR
... is dependent on the concerted action of the cellular transcription machinery and of the viral Tat trans- activator ...structured RNA element located at the 5⬘ end of all viral transcripts (8), and acts by a ...
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The Murine Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR Is Required for Resistance to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus
... Interferons (IFNs) have for some time now been recognized as the cytokines responsible for conferring an antiviral state on cells of the host. These effects are mediated by the gene prod- ucts activated or induced ...
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Toscana Virus NSs Protein Promotes Degradation of Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase
... of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), little is known about the functions of NSs proteins encoded by less-pathogenic members of this ...with kinase-inactive PKR ...
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Functional Domains and the Antiviral Effect of the Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR from Paralichthys olivaceus
... To our knowledge, this is the first report to reveal the bio- logical functions of the fish PKR gene. In addition to PKR, there are three other well-characterized members of the eIF2 ␣ kinases, including HRI, GCN2, and ...
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Inhibition of binding to initiation complexes of nascent reovirus mRNA by double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase.
... Of necessity, experiments designed to examine whether the binding of nascent reovirus mRNA to initiation complexes was preferentially inhibited in the coupled, cell-free system had to be[r] ...
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Possible involvement of double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase in cell death by influenza virus infection.
... that double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated protein kinase (PKR) is involved in the induction of Fas by virus infection, since a synthetic dsRNA, poly(I)-poly(C), similarly increased the amount ...
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Transgenes and their contributions to epigenetic research
... small RNA, reverse tran- scription into these regions forms novel dsRNA segments 5’ or 3’ of the primary region to produce novel, secondary siRNA pools when cleaved by DCL enzymes ...in RNA- ...
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Mutational analysis of the conserved motifs of influenza A virus polymerase basic protein 1.
... Although conserved motifs have been observed among many RNA polymerases, including the reverse transcriptase of retroviruses and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases of double-stranded and posi[r] ...
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Unique double-stranded RNAs associated with the Trichomonas vaginalis virus are synthesized by viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
... On the basis of present information, TVV lacks an infectious cycle and virus-negative isolates are resistant to infection by purified virus particles obtained from the cytoplasmic fracti[r] ...
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