Equine influenza
The Effects of Biannual Equine Influenza Vaccine on Performance in Adult Horses
... for equine influenza and equine herpes virus 1 and 4 (EHV1&4), is associated with changes in physical and clinical pathophysiological parameters including total red blood cell (RBC) count, ...
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Antigenic and Genetic Evolution of Equine Influenza A (H3N8) Virus from 1968 to 2007
... To investigate the molecular basis of the antigenic clusters, we aligned the amino acid sequences used in this study (see Fig. S1 in the supplemental material), grouped and color coded them based on antigenic cluster, ...
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Attenuation of Equine Influenza Viruses through Truncations of the NS1 Protein
... recombinant influenza virus lacking the NS1 gene (delNS1) showed that this virus could only replicate in IFN-incompetent systems such as STAT1 ⫺/⫺ mice or Vero cells, and thus the NS1 protein is responsible for ...
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An efficient genome sequencing method for equine influenza [H3N8] virus reveals a new polymorphism in the PA X protein
... of influenza vRNA segments could influence rescue of viruses using reverse genetics ...to equine influenza viruses sequenced previously (Table ...
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Prediction of genetic mutations of equine influenza virus related to adaptive determination nuclear export ribonucleoprotein complex
... Samples from sick animals are sent to BIOPHARMA for diagnosis, and biosafety conditions have been respected in accordance with the rules required by the OIE Terrestrial Manual. (Chapter 1.1.4: Biosafety and biosecurity: ...
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A Comprehensive Review on Equine Influenza Virus:Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathobiology, Advances in Developing Diagnostics, Vaccines, and Control Strategies
... diseases, influenza group is the prototype member associated with severe respiratory infections in wide host ...Wherein, Equine influenza (EI) is the main cause of respiratory illness in equines ...
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Cocirculation of Two Distinct Lineages of Equine Influenza Virus Subtype H3N8
... globular domain of HA and is subjected to the most intense immune system-related selective pressure, it was chosen as the most revealing sequence for phylogenetic comparison. Figure 3 shows the results of the ...
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Comparison of Sensitivities of Virus Isolation, Antigen Detection, and Nucleic Acid Amplification for Detection of Equine Influenza Virus
... of equine influenza in a riding school in The Nether- lands, RT-PCR using these primers proved to be more sensi- tive than virus isolation or two different enzyme immunoassays ...of influenza A ...
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Investigation of equine influenza transmission in NSW: walk, wind or wing?
... the equine influenza emergency manage- ment team from the NSW Department of Primary Industries includ- ing Bruce Christie, Steve Dunn and the veterinary epidemiologists for their support and advice during ...
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The influenza NS1 protein: what do we know in equine influenza virus pathogenesis?
... mammalian influenza viruses ...recent equine influenza strains, three isolates in cluster I (two isolated in Japan in 1971 and one from Algiers in 1972) have a 13-amino-acid ...other influenza ...
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Phylogenetic analysis of the five internal genes and evolutionary pathways of the Greek H3N8 equine influenza virus
... Therefore, the conservatism of the PB2 gene explains the lack of host specificity and may not be an obstacle in adapting the virus to another host species. Nevertheless enzootic canine H3N8 strains isolated the period ...
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Intra- and Interhost Evolutionary Dynamics of Equine Influenza Virus
... of influenza A viruses is a critical host range determinant and a major target of neutralizing ...antibodies. Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a significant pathogen of the horse that causes ...
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The genetics of virus particle shape in equine influenza A virus
... H3N8 equine influenza strain, Miami/63, was similarly diffusely distributed with no obvious filaments ...other equine viruses examined pro- duced striking filamentous structures that approached 10 lm ...
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Characterisation of the epidemic strain of H3N8 equine influenza virus responsible for outbreaks in South America in 2012
... Two influenza subtypes are known to infect horses, H7N7 and H3N8. H7N7 equine influenza was first iso- lated in Europe in 1956, followed by H3N8 in 1963 [3, ...
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Development of a surveillance scheme for equine influenza in the UK and characterisation of viruses isolated in Europe, Dubai and the USA from 2010 2012
... Reviewer #1: This manuscript is a composite of two topics - one that relates to an enhanced surveillance program in the UK for equine influenza virus (and presumably any other pathogens) and one that ...
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Attenuation of the virulence of a recombinant influenza virus expressing the naturally truncated NS gene from an H3N8 equine influenza virus in mice
... Equine influenza virus (EIV) causes a highly contagious disease in horses and other equids. Recently, we isolated an H3N8 EIV (A/equine/Kyonggi/SA1/2011) from a domestic horse in South Korea that ...
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Epidemiological survey of equine influenza in Andalusia, Spain
... Keywords: influenza virus; horses; mules; donkeys; risk factors; spatial analysis.... Influenza A virus IAV is an enveloped single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus.[r] ...
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Sero Epidemiological Study on Equine Influenza in Japan
... But the former showed a higher positive rate of antibody and higher mean HI titers of equi-1 and equi-2 antibodies, despite the fact that they had had a longer stay in Japan after import[r] ...
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Mutation W222L at the Receptor Binding Site of Hemagglutinin Could Facilitate Viral Adaption from Equine Influenza A(H3N8) Virus to Dogs
... the equine-origin influenza A(H3N8) virus was first detected in dogs in 2004 and since then has been enzootic among ...the equine-origin A(H3N8) virus facilitated its host adaption to ...
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Analysis of H7N7 Equine Influenza Virus by Spectrometric and Electrochemical Methods
... The influenza virus, vaccine and antiviral drugs that target the virus can be characterized by different genetic and proteomic ...of influenza neuraminidase ...A influenza strains ...the ...
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