Genogroup I/II
Mapping Broadly Reactive Norovirus Genogroup I and II Monoclonal Antibodies
... of genogroup I and II (GI and GII) noroviruses (NoVs) in field specimens, mice were immunized with baculovirus-expressed recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) corresponding to ...
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Identification of Genogroup I and Genogroup II Broadly Reactive Epitopes on the Norovirus Capsid
... a genogroup I-cross-reactive monoclonal antibody and a genogroup II-cross-reactive monoclonal antibody by use of noro- virus deletion and point ...the genogroup I-cross-reactive ...
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Novel Light Upon Extension Real Time PCR Assays for Detection and Quantification of Genogroup I and II Noroviruses in Clinical Specimens
... where genogroup I (GI), with 8 genotypes (GI-1 to GI-8), and genogroup II (GII), with 17 genotypes (GII-1 to GII-17), contain most of the strains that infect humans ...
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Detection of Norovirus genogroup I and II by multiplex real time RT PCR using a 3' minor groove binder DNA probe
... Background: Due to an increasing number of norovirus infections in the last years rapid, specific, and sensitive diagnostic tools are needed. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT- PCR) have become the ...
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Structural Basis for the Recognition of Lewis Antigens by Genogroup I Norovirus
... The majority of GI NoVs interact with the A antigen but not the B antigen (34), despite their structural resemblance; the A antigen has a terminal GalNAc, whereas the B antigen has a Gal at the same position. As shown in ...
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Genogroup I picobirnavirus in diarrhoeic foals: Can the horse serve as a natural reservoir for human infection?
... for genogroup I PBV by RT-PCR using the genogroup specific primer pairs ...of genogroup I PBV ...prototype genogroup I PBV strain, 1- CHN-97 and only about 24% aa ...
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Evaluation and Validation of Real Time Reverse Transcription PCR Assay Using the LightCycler System for Detection and Quantitation of Norovirus
... three genogroup I (G-I) clusters (G-I/1, G-I/2, and G-I/3) and 10 genogroup II (G-II) clusters (G-II/1, G-II/2, G-II/3, G-II/4, ...
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Evidence of Recombination in the Norovirus Capsid Gene
... genogroups I and II, although coinfections with strains belong- ing to both genogroups may theoretically occur, as observed with other gastroenteritis viruses (3, ...NV genogroup II but in ...
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Food Borne Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Associated with Genogroup I Calicivirus
... We describe a major outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with calicivirus genogroup I, at a hotel located at a university hospital in southern Sweden and involving 158 of 219 (72%) guests and employees. ...
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Cytokine and Antibody Responses in Gnotobiotic Pigs after Infection with Human Norovirus Genogroup II.4 (HS66 Strain)
... Noroviruses (NoVs) are the leading cause of food-borne illnesses in the United States (21). The NoVs are classified into five genogroups (I to V) and at least 27 genotypes. However, only strains from ...
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Molecular Epidemiology of Outbreaks of Gastroenteritis Associated with Small Round Structured Viruses in East Anglia, United Kingdom, During the 1996–1997 Season
... to genogroup II, and within this genogroup, 49 of 50 (98%) specimens were shown to be Grimsby-like viruses, with only one Mexico-like ...to genogroup I, and this had the greatest ...
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Binding Patterns of Human Norovirus-Like Particles to Buccal and Intestinal Tissues of Gnotobiotic Pigs in Relation to A/H Histo-Blood Group Antigen Expression
... HuNoV genogroup I (GI) and GII bind to A- or H-type tissues; (iii) to compare A/H expression and VLP binding patterns and confirm their binding specificities by blocking assays; (iv) to develop a ...
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Gene Mapping and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Genome from 30 Single-Stranded RNA Male-Specific Coliphages (Family Leviviridae)
... were 328 to 329 and 329 to 332 amino acids in length for genogroups III and IV, respectively. The replicase was 576 to 592 amino acids in length and contained the YGDD sequence. Pfam for Allolevivirus. Similar to the ...
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C-Terminal Arginine Cluster Is Essential for Receptor Binding of Norovirus Capsid Protein
... both genogroup I (Norwalk virus) and genogroup II (VA387) noroviruses with trypsin resulted in a removal of the R cluster and the S domain, leaving a P polypeptide of ...
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Covariation of Major and Minor Viral Capsid Proteins in Norovirus Genogroup II Genotype 4 Strains
... FIG 2 Hypervariable regions in protruding domain 2 (P2 domain) of viral protein 1 (VP1) and the VP1 interaction domain (VP1-ID) of VP2 in the local emergence of the epidemic norovirus genogroup II genotype ...
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Molecular Epidemiology of Genogroup II Genotype 4 Noroviruses in the United States between 1994 and 2006
... Human noroviruses (NoVs) of genogroup II, genotype 4 (GII.4) are the most common strains detected in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. To gain insight into the epidemiology and genetic variation ...
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Isolation and characterization of two distinct human rotavirus strains with G6 specificity
... Gene 4 of PA151 appeared to be genetically related to that of AU228 a human strain of subgroup I and with serotype G3 specificity that belongs to a feline genogroup, whereas gene 4 of PA[r] ...
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Presence of a Surface-Exposed Loop Facilitates Trypsinization of Particles of Sinsiro Virus, a Genogroup II.3 Norovirus
... Noroviruses (NoVs) are the causative agents of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans. NoVs that belong to genogroup II (GII) are quite prevalent and prone to undergo recombination, and their three- ...
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Molecular identification by RNA RNA hybridization of a human rotavirus that is closely related to rotaviruses of feline and canine origin
... In summary, we observed that i the Ro1845 strain does not belong to the AU-1 genogroup, although the Ro1845 strain is similar to the AU-1 strain in its serotype, subgroup, and electrophe[r] ...
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Structural Basis for Broad Detection of Genogroup II Noroviruses by a Monoclonal Antibody That Binds to a Site Occluded in the Viral Particle
... Human noroviruses are genetically and antigenically highly divergent. Monoclonal antibodies raised in mice against one kind of norovirus virus-like particle (VLP), however, were found to have broad recognition. In this ...
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