Human Enterovirus 71
Attenuation of Human Enterovirus 71 High-Replication-Fidelity Variants in AG129 Mice
... The error-prone nature of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of RNA viruses during replication results in quasispe- cies and aids survival of virus populations under a wide range of selective pressures. Virus ...
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Retrospective seroepidemiology indicated that human enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 circulated wildly in central and southern China before large scale outbreaks from 2008
... 17. Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Yang WZ, Ren J, Tan XJ, Wang Y, Mao NY, Xu ST, Zhu SL, Cui AL, Zhang Y, Yan DM, Li Q, Dong XP, Zhang J, Zhao YP, Wan JF, Feng ZJ, Sun JL, Wang SW, Li DX, Xu WB: An emerging recombinant human ...
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Human Enterovirus 71 DNA Vaccine Constructs Containing 5’UTR with Complete Internal Ribosome Entry Site Sequence Stimulated Improved Anti Human Enterovirus 71 Neutralizing Immune Responses
... Recent improvement in the technologies for efficient delivery of DNA vaccines has renewed interest in the DNA-based vaccines. Several DNA-based vaccines against human enterovirus 71 (EV71), the ...
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Molecular Epidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71 in the United Kingdom from 1998 to 2006
... The last decade witnessed a significant increase in epidemic activity of human enterovirus 71 (EV71) in the Western Pacific Region (WPR). In most European countries, this risk is unrecognized despite ...
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Human Enterovirus 71 Uncoating Captured at Atomic Resolution
... Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major causative agent of severe hand-foot-and-mouth diseases (HFMD) in young children, and structural characterization of EV71 during its life cycle can aid in the ...
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Genetic Characteristics of Human Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 Circulating from 1999 to 2004 in Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
... many human enteroviruses, in- cluding coxsackieviruses A4, A5, A8, A10, A16, B3, and B7 and enterovirus ...these, human enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) are two major ...
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Phylogenetic evidence for inter typic recombination in the emergence of human enterovirus 71 subgenotypes
... At the 5' UTR genomic region, the prototype EV-71, BrCr branched out together with CV-A2 and CV-A3, and segre- gated away from the rest of the EV-71 genotypes. Isolates of EV-71 subgenotype C2 were ...
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Enhanced human enterovirus 71 infection by endocytosis inhibitors reveals multiple entry pathways by enterovirus causing hand foot and mouth diseases
... Investigation of endocytic mechanisms revealed that clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME) was responsible for EV71 entry into human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD cells). Knockdown of the components in CME by small ...
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Neutralization Mechanisms of Two Highly Potent Antibodies against Human Enterovirus 71
... IMPORTANCE During the course of viral infections, the human body produces neu- tralizing antibodies which play a defining role in clearing the virus. From this study, we report two new, highly potent neutralizing ...
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Epidemiology and seroepidemiology of human enterovirus 71 among Thai populations
... Several studies have investigated the relationship between enterovirus types and their pathogenicity. In a study from the Netherlands, patients with EV1 genotype B infection were more likely to have neurologic ...
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Evaluation of Reverse Transcription Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification assays for Rapid Detection of Human Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 in Clinical Samples
... high specificity and cost-effectiveness. A reverse tran- scription LAMP (RT-LAMP) is carried out in a single tube by mixing primers, reverse-transcriptase and Bst DNA polymerase together with RNA extracted from the ...
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Incorrect identification of recent Asian strains of Coxsackievirus A16 as human enterovirus 71: Improved primers for the specific detection of human enterovirus 71 by RT PCR
... of enterovirus template using pan enterovirus primers or MAS01S/MAS02A, although we have been able to successfully identify HEV71 contain- ing primary specimens from throat and rectal ...
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Comparative genetic analysis of VP4, VP1 and 3D gene regions of Enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 circulating in Malaysia between 1997 2008
... Abstract. Three genomic regions, VP4 capsid, VP1 capsid and 3D RNA polymerase of human enterovirus 71 (EV-71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) were sequenced to understand the evolution of ...
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Human SCARB2-Dependent Infection by Coxsackievirus A7, A14, and A16 and Enterovirus 71
... Virus receptors play important roles in developing disease characteristics for each virus because they are the primary deter- minant of cell, tissue, and species tropism. Because the ability of the virus to bind to its ...
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Caveolar Endocytosis Is Required for Human PSGL-1-Mediated Enterovirus 71 Infection
... Immunofluorescence. Immunofluorescence assays were conducted on cells, and growth on coverslips after EV71 incubation occurred as described previously. After a wash with PBS, the cells were fixed with cold methanol and ...
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Antiviral activity of Lactobacillus reuteri Protectis against Coxsackievirus A and Enterovirus 71 infection in human skeletal muscle and colon cell lines
... L. reuteri is a commensal bacterium that can be found in the gut flora of some mammals and birds. Administration of L. reuteri to human babies, children and adults (including HIV patients) is safe and has been ...
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Direct Detection of Enterovirus 71 (EV71) in Clinical Specimens from a Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Outbreak in Singapore by Reverse Transcription PCR with Universal Enterovirus and EV71 Specific Primers
... nonviable enterovirus was detected in 31% (16 of 51) of ...to 71% (25 of 35), versus only 20% (7 of 35) by cell culture and neutralization tests (Table ...
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The History of Enterovirus A71 Outbreaks and Molecular Epidemiology in the Asia-Pacific Region
... other enterovirus A infections are recog- nized as a major public health concern, especially after yearly HFMD outbreaks in several Asia-Pacific ...other enterovirus infections are very similar, but their ...
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Prevalence of enteroviruses in children with and without hand, foot, and mouth disease in China
... Prevalence and serotypes of HEV among households A total of 49 households involving 98 parents and 53 healthy children were recruited and sampled. The HEV infection rate for all family members was 19.2% (29/151). ...
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Inhibition of Enterovirus 71 by Adenosine Analog NITD008
... novel enterovirus replication inhibitor ...genus Enterovirus and structural analysis of mutations within ...genus Enterovirus were aligned with the ClustalW software ...
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