Low pathogenic
Pathobiology and transmission of highly and low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in European quail (Coturnix c. coturnix)
... highly pathogenic AIV (HPAIV) [3,12-15]. Moreover, inoculation of low pathogenic AIV (LPAIV) representing subtypes H1 to H15 proved that Japanese quail may sup- port the replication (predominantly in ...
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Comparative analysis between a low pathogenic and a high pathogenic influenza H5 hemagglutinin in cell entry
... the low pathogenic HA at the entry level is their abil- ity to be cleaved and activated by host cellular ...highly pathogenic H5N1 recombinant virus can enter human-derived cell lines more ...
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Insertion of a Multibasic Cleavage Motif into the Hemagglutinin of a Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza H6N1 Virus Induces a Highly Pathogenic Phenotype
... their pathogenic phenotype in chickens. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, an acute generalized disease of poultry in which mortality may be as high as 100%, is re- stricted to subtypes H5 and ...
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H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza in Pakistan (2012–2015)
... Significant economic losses from deaths and decreased egg production have resulted from H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) infections in poultry across North Africa, the Middle East and Asia. ...
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Low-Pathogenic Influenza A Viruses in North American Diving Ducks Contribute to the Emergence of a Novel Highly Pathogenic Influenza A(H7N8) Virus
... poultry, low- pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H5 and H7 viruses have the potential to mutate into highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses through mechanisms such as (i) acquisition of basic ...
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Systemic virus distribution and host responses in brain and intestine of chickens infected with low pathogenic or high pathogenic avian influenza virus
... and low pathogenic influenza virus field isolates in chickens, two genetically closely related HPAIV and LPAIV variants of H7N1 [16,17] were used in combination with a quantitative ...
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Acquisition of a Polybasic Hemagglutinin Cleavage Site by a Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Is Not Sufficient for Immediate Transformation into a Highly Pathogenic Strain
... MDCK cells in the presence and in the absence of trypsin. Whereas DkUkr63-Wt proved to be dependent on trypsin for plaque formation, as expected for a low-pathogenic avian in- fluenza virus, all three HACS ...
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Highly pathogenic or low pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H7N1 infection in chicken lungs: small differences in general acute responses
... and low pathogenic H5N1 strain, higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-a were found at 6 dpi in the lungs of mice infected with highly pathogenic virus, whereas a higher level of IL-1b was detected at 3 dpi ...
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Characterization of Low-Pathogenic H5 Subtype Influenza Viruses from Eurasia: Implications for the Origin of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Viruses
... Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses are now endemic in many Asian countries, resulting in repeated outbreaks in poultry and increased cases of human ...characterize low-pathogenic ...
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Emergence of a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus from a Low-Pathogenic Progenitor
... highly pathogenic (HP) viruses that represent a major economic problem for the poultry industry and a threat to global ...from low-pathogenic (LPAI) progenitor viruses currently is poorly ...with ...
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Emergence and Adaptation of a Novel Highly Pathogenic H7N9 Influenza Virus in Birds and Humans from a 2013 Human-Infecting Low-Pathogenic Ancestor
... H7N9 low-pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) has been circulating in domestic poultry in China, causing five waves of human ...highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) variant possessing ...
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Potential for Low-Pathogenic Avian H7 Influenza A Viruses To Replicate and Cause Disease in a Mammalian Model
... precursor low-pathogenic (LP) H7 viruses from the wild bird reservoir has not been ...highly pathogenic in mice. Viruses of duck origin were more pathogenic than those of shorebird origin, as ...
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Potential mediators of in ovo delivered double stranded (ds) RNA induced innate response against low pathogenic avian influenza virus infection
... In chickens, TLR3 signalling dependent antiviral response has been shown against Newcastle disease virus (NCDV) in vitro [22]. Marek ’ s disease virus (MDV) replication in vitro has also been shown to be reduced with ...
12
Different immune responses to three different vaccines following H6N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus challenge in Taiwanese local chicken breeds
... Mortality data and the increased antibody titers of chal- lenge group at day 14 post-challenge showed that the challenge test had been effective. Estimation of breed effects may be affected by limited sample size, ...
7
Systemic distribution of different low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses in chicken
... To determine whether the systemic detection of LPAIV RNA was restricted to a limited set of strains, we measured systemic distribution of viral RNA from five LPAIV strains using PCR. Subtypes of H5 (H5N1, H5N2), H7 ...
7
Laboratory investigations on the low pathogenic potential of Plesiomonas shigelloides
... shigelloides strains tested were found to produce a low-level, cell-free cytolysin 1:2 to 1:16 which was active on HEp-2 and Y1 cell monolayers but not on CHO cell monolayers.. When susc[r] ...
6
Transmission and Suppression of Avian Influenza Virus
... from low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) to highly patho- genic avian influenza (HPAI) was dependent upon environmental parameters such as host cell, wild bird, aeolian dust, mudfish, catfish, bullfrog, ...
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A Single Amino Acid Substitution at Residue 218 of Hemagglutinin Improves the Growth of Influenza A(H7N9) Candidate Vaccine Viruses
... highly pathogenic A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 (GD17WT) were initially PCR amplified and cloned into cloning vector pGEM-T Easy (Promega, Madison, WI) for modification, with which we deleted the codon for the multibasic ...
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Lessons from an active surveillance pilot to assess the pneumonia of unknown etiology surveillance system in China, 2016: the need to increase clinician participation in the detection and reporting of emerging respiratory infectious diseases
... of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H7N9) [henceforth A(H7N9)], prompting public health authorities to allow clinicians to report cases directly with- out expert consultation committee ...fol- ...
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Lang, Victoria (2012): Molekulare Phylogenie der H5- und N1-Gene von aviären Influenzaviren aus den Jahren 2006 und 2007 in Bayern. Dissertation, LMU München: Tierärztliche Fakultät
... Im Gegensatz hierzu wurden als niedrig pathogene meldepflichtige aviäre Influenzaviren (Low pathogenic notifiable Influenza Virus (LPNAIV)) alle aviären Influenzaviren der Subtypen H[r] ...
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