protease-activated receptor 4
Protease Activated Receptor 4 as a Novel Modulator of Regulatory T Cell Function
... Thrombin is an important modulator of inflammation. In vivo administration of thrombin has been shown to induce systemic autoimmunity (31) whilst inhibition of thrombin can ameliorate collagen induced arthritis (32), ...
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Protease-activated receptor 4 variant p.Tyr157Cys reduces platelet functional responses and alters receptor trafficking
... The common coding PAR4 A120T variant (rs773902), has previously been associated with gain of PAR4 receptor function. 19 Since the index case Y157C.1 was heterozygous for A120T, this may have modified the phenotype ...
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Essential role of platelet activation via protease activated receptor 4 in tissue factor initiated inflammation
... Following subcutaneous injection of sTF in the mouse footpad, we observed both coagulation activation and acute inflamma- tion. The inflammatory response required concomitant fibrin deposition and the participation of ...
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Activation of protease activated receptor 1 increases the excitability of the dentate granule neurons of hippocampus
... 400 μ m thick transverse hippocampal slices of mouse brain were loaded with the voltage dye, di-4-ANEPPS (D-1199, Molecular Probes Inc.) at 3 mg/ml for 10-30 min. The voltage sensitive dye (VSD) was dissolved into ...
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Clathrin-dependent internalization of protease-activated receptor-1: regulation by ubiquitination and epsin
... ubiquitinated receptor prior to deubiquitination, to mediate sorting of PAR1 into a clathrin-, dynamin- and epsin-dependent internalization ...the receptor to an epsin-dependent internalization pathway, we ...
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Protease activated receptors 1 and 4 mediate activation of human platelets by thrombin
... The biological significance of having dual thrombin receptors in platelets remains uncertain. PAR3-deficient mice showed no spontaneous bleeding and had normal bleeding times; thus, in mice, the high-affinity ...
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The role of protease-activated receptor-2 on pulmonary neutrophils in the innate immune response to cockroach allergen
... Following PBS or allergen exposure, lungs were lavaged with Hanks balanced salt solution without calcium or magnesium. The lavage fluid was centrifuged (300 g for 10 min at 4°C), and the supernatant was removed. ...
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Protease Activated Receptor-1 Deficiency Diminishes Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis
... at 4°C with antibodies against fibronectin (1:1000 in TBS-T; sc-6953, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), α-tubulin (1:1000 in TBS-T; sc-23948, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), collagen type I (1:800 in TBS-T; #1310-01, Southern ...
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Protease-activated receptor-2 : a novel pathogenic pathway in a murine model of osteoarthritis
... target. Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is a G-protein coupled receptor whose ‘tethered’ ligand is activated by serine ...patients 4 , and following its activation, matrix ...
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Therapeutic effect of protease-activated receptor 2 agonist SLIGRL-NH<sub>2</sub> on loperamide-induced Sprague-Dawley rat constipation model and the related mechanism
... 28. Wang XY, Chen JH, Li K, Zhu YF, Wright GW, Huizinga JD. Dis- crepancies between c-Kit positive and Ano1 positive ICC-SMP in the W/Wv and wild-type mouse colon; relationships with motor patterns and calcium ...
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Modulation of protease-activated receptor expression by Porphyromonas gingivalis in human gingival epithelial cells
... at 4 °C and supernatants were collected, filter-sterilized over a ...cysteine protease inhibitor tosyl-L-lysine chloromethylketone (TLCK; Sigma–Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA), which inhibits gingipains [15, ...
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Effect of tryptase on mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells via protease-activated receptor 2
... Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’ s medium (DMEM), foetal bovine serum (FBS) and 0.25% Trypsin–EDTA solution were pur- chased from Gibco-BRL (Grand Island, NY, USA). Tryptase was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, ...
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Thrombin promotes fibronectin secretion by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the protease-activated receptor mediated signalling pathways
... Cells were washed twice with cold PBS, and then lysed with fresh RIPA containing a cocktail of protease inhibi- tors, including 1 mM PMSF, 5 mM EDTA and 1 mM phosphatase inhibitor. Cells were scraped off the ...
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Mucosal sensitization to German cockroach involves protease-activated receptor-2
... that protease activity in aller- gens may alter airway epithelial integrity by increasing epithelial permeability ...of protease-activated receptors (PARs). PARs (-1, -2, -3, - 4) are a family ...
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Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) promotes epithelial-endothelial transition through Twist1 in hepatocellular carcinoma
... Scholars have proposed several tumor angiogenesis path- ways, such as vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and mosaic vessels [2, 3]. In 1999, Maniotis et al. [2] first reported VM based on the capability of highly aggressive ...
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Protease-activated receptor 2 : are common functions in glial and immune cells linked to inflammation-related CNS disorders?
... Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a family of G-protein coupled receptors that are unique in their mechanism of activation. Cleavage of the N-terminus by serine proteases unveils a ‘tethered ligand’ ...
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Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Protease-Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2)-Targeting Imaging Agents for Cancer
... 10 cm dish using 5 mL of 1 mM EDTA in PBS. EDTA solution was removed and cell pellet was re-suspended in media. Cells were placed into a 25 mL falcon tube, media removed, and rinsed with 2% FBS in PBS. The cells were ...
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Expression of Protease-Activated Receptor 1 and 2 and Anti-Tubulogenic Activity of Protease-Activated Receptor 1 in Human Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells
... Peripheral blood was obtained by venepuncture from the median cubital vein of healthy drug-free volunteers. Participants were informed about procedure and purpose of blood collection. They expressed their consent in ...
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Protease-activated receptor 2 activation of myeloid dendritic cells regulates allergic airway inflammation
... active protease from Aspergillus fumigatus [8] and LPS ...serine protease from GC frass which significantly increased the amount of protease and almost completely removed endo- toxin (~1 pg/ μ g ...
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Activated Factor X signaling via protease activated receptor 2 suppresses pro inflammatory cytokine prodution from LPS stimulated myeloid cells
... APC; 0.313-20 nM) for 1-3 h as described for each assay, then stimulated with TLR agonists for 4 h. Cell viability was not com- promised by FXa incubation (Online Supplementary Figure S2). Supernatants were ...
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