Protein Kinase R
Binding and Relocalization of Protein Kinase R by Murine Cytomegalovirus
... by protein kinase R ...the protein products of two essential genes, m142 and m143, bind to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and block phosphorylation of PKR and eukaryotic initiation factor 2 ␣ ...
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Antagonism of the Protein Kinase R Pathway in Human Cells by Rhesus Cytomegalovirus
... ABSTRACT While cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are often limited in host range by lengthy coevolution with a single host species, a few CMVs are known to deviate from this rule. For example, rhesus macaque CMV (RhCMV), ...
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Measles Virus C Protein Impairs Production of Defective Copyback Double-Stranded Viral RNA and Activation of Protein Kinase R
... and protein kinase R (PKR) ...C protein is to control dsRNA ...C protein as a viru- lence factor (23) that might have a regulatory effect on the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, ...
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Viperin, MTAP44, and Protein Kinase R Contribute to the Interferon-Induced Inhibition of Bunyamwera Orthobunyavirus Replication
... NSs protein is the primary IFN antagonist encoded by Bunyamwera virus (BUNV), the prototype of the Orthobunyavirus genus and the family ...NSs protein interferes with RNA polymerase II-mediated ...
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Murine Cytomegalovirus m142 and m143 Are both Required To Block Protein Kinase R-Mediated Shutdown of Protein Synthesis
... Global protein synthesis was impaired in these cells, which correlated with phosphorylation of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase R (PKR) and its target protein, the ...
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The Stress Granule Protein G3BP1 Recruits Protein Kinase R To Promote Multiple Innate Immune Antiviral Responses
... SG-nucleating protein G3BP1, blocking the ability of cells to form SGs late in ...and protein kinase R (PKR)-mediated translational control, but the mechanism of PKR interplay with SG and the ...
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Andes Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Interrupts Protein Kinase R Dimerization To Counteract Host Interference in Viral Protein Synthesis
... is protein kinase R (PKR), a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-acti- vated protein kinase that phosphorylates and inactivates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2␣ ...
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Expression of the Vaccinia Virus Antiapoptotic F1 Protein Is Blocked by Protein Kinase R in the Absence of the Viral E3 Protein
... such protein is the vaccinia virus innate immunity modula- tor ...RNA-activated protein kinase R ...the protein product does not detectably accumulate, suggesting a block at the ...
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Species Specificity of Protein Kinase R Antagonism by Cytomegalovirus TRS1 Genes
... antiviral protein kinase R (PKR) has rapidly evolved during primate evolution, likely in response to challenges posed by many different viral antagonists, such as the TRS1 gene of cytomegaloviruses ...
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Human Cytomegalovirus pTRS1 and pIRS1 Antagonize Protein Kinase R To Facilitate Virus Replication
... viral protein synthesis. One such defense is the antiviral kinase protein kinase R (PKR), which inactivates the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) translation initiation factor upon ...
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Mechanism of Protein Kinase R Inhibition by Human Cytomegalovirus pTRS1
... antiviral kinase protein kinase R (PKR), which potently inhibits virus ...HCMV protein synthesis and replication; however, the mechanism by which pTRS1 inhibits PKR is ...PKR ...
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Protein Kinase R Is Responsible for the Phosphorylation of eIF2α in Rotavirus Infection
... dsRNA originally was characterized as a key mediator of interferon (IFN) induction in response to virus infection; his- torically, dsRNA has been considered a by-product of viral replication in mammalian cells, which is ...
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A Toll Like Receptor Responsive Kinase, Protein Kinase R, Is Inactivated in Endotoxin Tolerance through Differential K63/K48 Ubiquitination
... not been forthcoming. This may, in part, result from the fact that sepsis reflects a complex interplay between the host im- mune response and the invading patho- gen. Host macrophages activated through innate immune ...
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Binding and Nuclear Relocalization of Protein Kinase R by Human Cytomegalovirus TRS1
... The carboxy terminus of pIRS1 is necessary for rescue of VV ⌬ E3L host cell range and interaction with PKR. Like pTRS1, IRS1 restores the host cell range of VV ⌬ E3L, inhibits the phosphorylation of eIF2 ␣ , and prevents ...
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The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 US11 Protein Interacts with Protein Kinase R in Infected Cells and Requires a 30-Amino-Acid Sequence Adjacent to a Kinase Substrate Domain
... 199V or 1 ml of 199V containing 10 PFU of HSV-1 (F), R5103, or R5104/cell. After a 2-h incubation, the inoculum was replaced with 5% newborn calf serum. At 6 h postinfection, medium was removed from mock- and ...
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Stem cells and the impact of ROS signaling
... mutated kinase ( Atm ), Foxo1/3/4 (forkhead box O 1/3/4) transcription factors or just Foxo3 , resulted in an accumulation of ROS in HSCs, which compromised their activity (Ito et ...
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A systematic investigation of the protein kinases involved in NMDA receptor-dependent LTD: evidence for a role of GSK-3 but not other serine/threonine kinases
... 0.01. Visually-guided, whole-cell recordings were obtained at room temperature from the soma of CA1 neu- rons using patch electrodes that contained (mM): CsMeSO 4 , 130; HEPES, 10; NaCl, 8; EGTA, 0.5; Mg-ATP, 4; Na-GTP, ...
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Activated Kinase RSK2 Plays a Role in Innate Immune Responses to Influenza Virus Infection
... activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, in mammalian cells (reviewed in references 10, 40, and ...serine/threonine kinase) activates MEK1/2 (a MAPK kinase kinase), which sub- ...
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Phosphoproteomic Characterization Of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3
... of protein-protein interaction networks revealed enrichment of a cluster of proteins involved in alternative ...vitro kinase assays with recombinant proteins and identified the splicing factor RBM8A ...
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Switching Aurora-A kinase on and off at an allosteric site
... and protein-protein interactions that control switching between inactive and active ...using protein crystallography, although the dynamic nature of protein kinases makes it difficult to ...
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