Reassortant Viruses
Virulence and Genetic Compatibility of Polymerase Reassortant Viruses Derived from the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza Virus and Circulating Influenza A Viruses
... stock viruses to rep- licate to sufficient infectious ...the reassortant viruses, we wished to avoid the risk of acquiring unwanted genetic ...rescued viruses, if not most, originally do not ...
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Reassortment between Avian H5N1 and Human H3N2 Influenza Viruses in Ferrets: a Public Health Risk Assessment
... (20 viruses per day for 7 days from three ferrets) was chosen to make a preliminary assessment for the proportions of reassortant viruses isolated from ferrets and was not intended to statistically ...
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Characterization of an ATPase activity in reovirus cores and its genetic association with core-shell protein lambda1.
... separate reassortant analyses (Tables 1 and 3) indicated that differences in ATPase activity between T1L and T3D cores are determined by genome segment L3, which encodes the major core-shell protein l ...of ...
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Reassortment Events among Swine Influenza A Viruses in China: Implications for the Origin of the 2009 Influenza Pandemic
... a reassortant with two or three ...the reassortant virus. Only genotypes relevant to the TR-EA reassortant viruses are ...influenza viruses, ...each reassortant virus. The ...
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Genetic basis of resistance to rimantadine emerging during treatment of influenza virus infection.
... Analysis of reassortant viruses generated with a resistant clinical isolate H3N2 and the susceptible influenza A/Singapore/57 H2N2 virus indicated that RNA segment 7 coding for matrix an[r] ...
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North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Like Virus
... triple reassortant and Eurasian avian-like swine influenza viruses ...triple reassortant H1N1 virus, A/Swine/Kansas/77778/ 2007 ...SP04 viruses, more than 20 different reassortant ...
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Mutation of Influenza A Virus PA-X Decreases Pathogenicity in Chicken Embryos and Can Increase the Yield of Reassortant Candidate Vaccine Viruses
... inactivated viruses chosen to antigenically match the currently circulating virus strains or newly emerging viruses of pandemic ...vaccine viruses (CVVs) need to be ...yielding viruses that ...
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Development and Sequence Analysis of a Cold-Adapted Strain of Influenza A/New Caledonia/20/1999(H1N1) Virus
... on the antigenic properties of these glycoproteins. So far, 16 subtypes of HA and 9 subtypes of NA have been identified (2). Antigenic variability of the virus is responsible for annual epidemics and occasional pandemics ...
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Evolution of Swine H3N2 Influenza Viruses in the United States
... swine viruses to those of human viruses circulating in consecutive years suggest a temporal appearance of the reassortant ...H3N2 viruses in The Netherlands and southern China showed that ...
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Interspecies and intraspecies transmission of triple reassortant H3N2 influenza A viruses
... triple reassortant H3N2 viruses were isolated for the first time from pigs in 1998 and are known to be endemic in swine and turkey populations in the United ...triple reassortant viruses from ...
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Purified influenza virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase are equivalent in stimulation of antibody response but induce contrasting types of immunity to infection.
... Specific antibody response to each surface glycoprotein was evaluated by using reassortant viruses in hemagglutination inhibition HI and NA inhibition NI tests and purified antigens in e[r] ...
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Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Novel Reassortant H3N2 Influenza Viruses with 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Genes in Pigs
... novel reassortant H3N2 influenza viruses with 2009 pandemic H1N1 [A(H1N1)pdm09] gene(s) have been identified in ...these viruses have been evaluated in animal models, and the pathogenicity and ...
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Rescue of an influenza A virus wild-type PB2 gene and a mutant derivative bearing a site-specific temperature-sensitive and attenuating mutation.
... The human influenza A wt A/LA/2/87 H3N2 and A/Korea/82 H3N2 viruses were described previously, as were three reassortant viruses, A/Korea/82 PB2 SGR and two 6-2 ca reassortant viruses wh[r] ...
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Pathogenicity of reassortant H9 influenza viruses with different NA genes in mice and chickens
... the reassortant viruses: rH9N1 and rH9N3. All viruses were sequenced to confirm the absence of unwanted mutations and then viruses were titrated in 10-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) ...
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Isolation and Genetic Characterization of New Reassortant H3N1 Swine Influenza Virus from Pigs in the Midwestern United States
... H3N1 viruses in swine was expected from reassortment between H1N1 and H3N2 viruses, since more than 60% of swine farms (sow and finisher units) in the Mid- west had serological evidence of infection by both ...
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Nucleoprotein and membrane protein genes are associated with restriction of replication of influenza A/Mallard/NY/78 virus and its reassortants in squirrel monkey respiratory tract.
... For an investigation of which avian influenza gene or combination of genes was responsible for restricted replication in primates, reassortant viruses were produced that contained the hu[r] ...
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Adaptive Mutations Resulting in Enhanced Polymerase Activity Contribute to High Virulence of Influenza A Virus in Mice
... the reassortant polymerase complex constructs and analyzed as described ...indicated reassortant viruses, and viral titers in lung ho- mogenates were determined at 20 h ...
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Emergence of a New Swine H3N2 and Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza A Virus Reassortant in Two Canadian Animal Populations, Mink and Swine
... In December 2010, an outbreak of respiratory symptoms occurred in a hog farm located in the province of Quebec, Canada. At the site, about 10% of the piglets were coughing, sows had no clinical signs, and several ...
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Occurrence and Reassortment of Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Viruses Derived from Coinfected Birds in China
... sequencing prior to plaque purification (not studied further here). The complete genomes of these eight virus isolates were se- quenced and deposited in the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID) ...
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Residue 627 of PB2 Is a Determinant of Cold Sensitivity in RNA Replication of Avian Influenza Viruses
... 4. Clements, M. L., M. H. Snyder, A. J. Buckler-White, E. L. Tierney, W. T. London, and B. R. Murphy. 1986. Evaluation of avian-human reassortant FIG. 6. Synthesis of cRNA and mRNA at 37 and 33°C with avian and ...
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