Sulfur Mustard
Long-term effects of sulfur mustard on civilians’ mental health 20 years after exposure (The Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study)
... Sulfur Mustard [bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide; mustard gas] is a vesicant chemical agent that can produce significant morbidity ...to mustard gas on June 28, 1987 ...
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Sulfur mustard induces expression of metallothionein-1A in human airway epithelial cells
... of sulfur mustard-exposed patients, expression of MT-1 protein was significantly higher in the airways of our ...inhaled sulfur mustard, and may reflect an attempt to ameliorate this harmful ...
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Stenger, Bernhard (2018): Transient receptor potential A1 channels and their role in the cytotoxicity of sulfur mustard. Dissertation, LMU München: Medizinische Fakultät
... The exact date of the initial sulfur mustard (SM, bis(2-chlorethyl)sulfide, CAS- Nr. 505-60-2) synthesis is unknown. A number of reports mention the preparation of an oily liquid, which should later be ...
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The therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in the acute lung injury induced by sulfur mustard
... SM: Sulfur mustard; SN-BMSCs: BMSCs supernatants; Th: T helper; TLR2: Toll-like receptor 2; TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4; Treg: Regulatory T; W/D ratio: Wet-to-dry lung weight ...
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THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF INDOMETHACINE ON SULFUR MUSTARD-INDUCED OCULAR DAMAGE IN THE RABBIT EYE
... by sulfur mustard (HD) alone, lOP was increased after 30 ...by sulfur mustard and indomethacine, lOP decreased after 20 min utes and this level was maintained for the whole time of the ...
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The injury progression of T lymphocytes in a mouse model with subcutaneous injection of a high dose of sulfur mustard
... Research in humans showed that, 20 years after the SM exposure, the severely affected victims of the Iran-Iraq war had a lower CD3 + CD4 + level and higher CD3 + CD8 + level in plasma compared to normal controls [13]. ...
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Original Article Downregulation of miR-210 promotes sulfur mustard-induced skin wound healing
... Abstract: Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical alkylating agent that causes severe vesicating skin injuries. However, the exact mechanisms have not been thoroughly elucidated, limiting the development and ...
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Evaluation of mRNA Expression Levels of TNFα, TNFR1 and IL1β in Lung Tissue 20 Years after Sulfur-mustard Exposure
... Despite many years having passed since exposure to sulfur mustard (SM) gas, there are many exposed subjects who are still suffering from delayed pulmonary complications. The levels of pro-inflammatory ...
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Loss of expression of TGF-βs and their receptors in chronic skin lesions induced by sulfur mustard as compared with chronic contact dermatitis patients
... Matrix - Metallo proteinases (MMPs) also have a role in the inflammatory processes of sulfur mustard [50]; other research has shown that TGF-b can inhibit MMPs [29,51]. Without the inhibitory control of ...
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Childhood physical abnormalities following paternal exposure to sulfur mustard gas in Iran: a case-control study
... We began this study in 2004, about 17 years after the che- mical attack in Sardasht. We followed children up to March 2009. Sardasht is a western Iranian city that was chemically bombarded with sulfur ...
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CD4/CD8 ratio and cytokine levels of the BAL fluid in patients with bronchiectasis caused by sulfur mustard gas inhalation
... of neutrophils and macrophages are usually recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and induced sputum from such patients, and in the small airways, there is a mucosal increase in the numbers of CD8 T-cells. Alveolar ...
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Plasma proteomic profile of sulfur mustard exposed lung diseases patients using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis
... Sulfur mustard is a chemical warfare agent that remains a threat to human ...latter, sulfur mustard was heavily used and at the present time about 30,000 victims still suffer from late effects ...
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The Protective Effects of N-Acetl-Cysteine, Oxo-Thiazolidine-Carboxylate, Acetaminophen and Their Combinations against Sulfur Mustard Cytotoxicity on Human Skin Fibroblast Cell Line (HF2FF)
... Background: Using human skin-fibroblast cell line HF2FF, the efficacy of some drugs was evaluated against sulfur mustard (SM) cytotoxicity. The drugs were the sulfhydryl containing molecule including N- ...
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Cleft Palate induced by Sulfur Mustard in mice fetus
... Sulfur Mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent which was widely used in the World War I and more recently during Gulf war in the early 1980s'. SM is a strong alkylating agent with known mutagenic and ...
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Evaluation of the LTBP1 and Smad6 Genes Expression in Lung Tissue of Sulfur Mustard-exposed Individuals with Long-term Pulmonary Complications
... In the present study, paraffin-embedded lung tissues were used. All of the samples were collected from archives in the pathology department of several general hospitals of Tehran-Iran. Biopsies had been done during ...
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EVALUATION OF 17 PATIENTS SEVERELY INJURED WITH SULFUR MUSTARD
... Sulfur mustard. or mustard gas. is an alkylating agent with a CI-CH,-CH,-S-CH,-CH,-CI formula. This di chloroethyl sulfide is vesicant and similar to other alkylating agents, undergoes strong ...
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IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGICAL AND CYTOGENETICAL STUDIES ON HUMAN POPULATION EXPOSED TO SULFUR MUSTARD
... Previous reports suggested that human exposure to sulfur mustard results in impaired immune endpoints, especially B and T helper lymphocyte numbers [17]. Low dose exposure to alkylating agents was shown to ...
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Bcl-2 Protein Expression in Pulmonary Specimens of Sulfur Mustard Victims
... This was a case-control study and by considering a confidence interval=95%, 13 sulfur mustard victims suffering late pulmonary complications were selected by easy sampling. The inclusion criteria were no ...
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Expression of miR-15b-5p, miR-21-5p, and SMAD7 in Lung Tissue of Sulfur Mustard-exposed Individuals with Long-term Pulmonary Complications
... Sulfur mustard (SM)-exposed individuals develop late pulmonary complications, which are associated with chronic inflammation and fibrotic changes in the lung ...
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Original Article Changes in oxidative stress indices in sulfur mustard (1LD
... Abstract: Objective: Sulfur mustard (SM) is an important chemical warfare agent. The mechanisms underlying SM toxicity have not been completely determined. However, oxidative stress and the following damage ...
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