Terrestrial locomotion
Patterns of white muscle activity during terrestrial locomotion in the American eel (Anguilla rostrata)
... and terrestrial locomotion in the pattern of muscle recruitment and intensity between more anterior and intermediate sites ...the terrestrial substratum with relatively high amplitude rather than ...
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Predicting the energy cost of terrestrial locomotion: a test of the LiMb model in humans and quadrupeds
... While broadly supported by empirical studies of locomotor cost, some aspects of this Force Production Hypothesis have been challenged by recent studies. For example, focusing on muscle force generated to support body ...
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Mechanics of limb bone loading during terrestrial locomotion in river cooter turtles (Pseudemys concinna)
... internus (FTI), flexor tibialis externus (FTE), caudi-iliofemoralis (CF) and ishiotrochantericus (IT) (Walker, 1973). Electromyographic (EMG) data verify activity during limb retraction for FTI and FTE in closely related ...
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Terrestrial locomotion of the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris): limitation of large aquatically adapted seals on land?
... limit terrestrial movement. The kinematics of terrestrial locomotion in northern elephant seals were analyzed from video recordings of animals observed on the beach of An ̃ o Nuevo State Reserve, CA, ...
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Activity of trunk muscles during aquatic and terrestrial locomotion in Ambystoma maculatum
... and terrestrial trotting: the dorsalis trunci, subvertebralis lateralis and medialis, rectus lateralis and obliquus ...During terrestrial trotting, muscle recruitment was greater in several muscles than ...
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Axial kinematics and muscle activity during terrestrial locomotion of the centipede Scolopendra heros
... animal locomotion involving axial undulations, we still lack a good general understanding of the relative importance of intrinsic (to the organism) versus extrinsic factors in determining the axial waveform and ...
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Loading mechanics of the femur in tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) during terrestrial locomotion
... during terrestrial locomotion using three- dimensional measurements of the ground reaction force (GRF) and hindlimb kinematics, as well as anatomical measurements of the femur and hindlimb ...
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Dynamics of mallard (Anas platyrynchos) gastrocnemius function during swimming versus terrestrial locomotion
... For many animals, running and hopping represent high- speed bouncing gaits (Alexander, 1984; Cavagna et al., 1977) in which near-isometric or stretch/shorten contractile behavior of limb muscles would be expected to ...
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Fast muscle function in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L ) during aquatic and terrestrial locomotion
... During terrestrial locomotion, all points on the body axis follow a similar path and when crawling on sand the body of the eel creates a groove in the substratum (Gillis, ...during terrestrial ...
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METAMORPHIC AND SPEED EFFECTS ON HINDLIMB KINEMATICS DURING TERRESTRIAL LOCOMOTION IN THE SALAMANDER DICAMPTODON TENEBROSUS
... Two major conclusions may be drawn from these results for salamander locomotion. First, larvae possess the same hindlimb locomotor pattern for terrestrial locomotion as metamorphs, though they show a ...
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Hindlimb function in the alligator: integrating movements, motor patterns, ground reaction forces and bone strain of terrestrial locomotion
... during terrestrial locomotion (Blob and Biewener, ...of terrestrial locomotor mechanics among species that do not use strictly parasagittal limb ...
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Terrestrial locomotion imposes high metabolic requirements on bats
... Metabolic rates of sprinting Molossus currentium Our study provides the first data on the energetic requirements of terrestrial locomotion in a bat species. During the experiments, M. currentium were agile ...
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Adjustments of global and local hindlimb properties during terrestrial locomotion of the common quail (Coturnix coturnix)
... avian terrestrial locomotion are still ...predominantly terrestrial bird change with speed and gait. Globally, quail locomotion approximates a spring-like behavior in all investigated ...
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Energetics of terrestrial locomotion of the platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus
... from terrestrial ancestors has occurred several times in the mammalian ...during terrestrial locomotion (Fish, 1992; Fish and Baudinette, ...between terrestrial and aquatic locomotory ...of ...
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The energetics and cardiorespiratory correlates of mammalian terrestrial locomotion
... The energy cost of running compared to flying and swimming This review has been concerned with terrestrial locomotion, but there are analogies in gaits, elastic structures and scaling re[r] ...
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Terrestrial locomotion of the Svalbard rock ptarmigan: comparing field and laboratory treadmill studies
... the terrestrial locomotion of birds is often based upon laboratory treadmill ...of locomotion (stride frequency, stride length, stance phase, swing phase, duty factor) and speed range of Svalbard ...
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Terrestrial locomotion in the black billed magpie: kinematic analysis of walking, running and out of phase hopping
... A stride consists of two phases: a stance (ground contact) phase and a recovery (swing) phase. At the onset of the stance phase, the leg that touches the ground is almost completely extended and is placed on the ground ...
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Integration within and between muscles during terrestrial locomotion: effects of incline and speed
... of locomotion, little is known about how multiple muscles, and different parts of a muscle, are functionally integrated as demand ...during locomotion on different inclines (level and uphill at 14°) and at ...
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Terrestrial locomotion does not constrain venous return in the American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis
... Recent studies have demonstrated that limitations to oxygen transport in lizards occur within both the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. The lateral flexions of the trunk that occur during locomotion in ...
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The Role of the ‘Walking Legs’ in Aquatic and Terrestrial Locomotion of the Crayfish Austropotamobius Pallipes (Lereboullet)
... Taking groups A and D together, half of all the cases in which amputation of the second pair of legs caused a decrease in the distance moved per step were recorded when the crayfish was [r] ...
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