Toll-like receptor 2
A Toll-Like Receptor-2-Directed Fusion Protein Vaccine against Tuberculosis
... A fusion protein designated CSU-F36 was constructed that consisted of acylated Rv1411, a potent Toll-like receptor-2 agonist, fused to ESAT-6, a well-characterized immunogenic protein from ...
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Tuberculosis State Is Associated with Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Sputum Macrophages
... IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that parasit- izes the host macrophage. While approximately two billion people are infected worldwide, only 5 to 10% become diseased with pulmonary ...
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Decreased Levels of Soluble Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Patients with Asthma
... Recently, the prevalence of asthma and allergies has increased dramatically in industrialized countries, and this increase cannot be explained by genetic changes. Respiratory infections have been linked to asthma in both ...
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Toll-like receptor 2 activation and comedogenesis: implications for the pathogenesis of acne
... interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-like region, characteristically leading to the release of antibacterial compounds (β- defensins and reactive oxygen species) and cytokines (in- cluding IL-1α) via an ...
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Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency leads to delayed exacerbation of ischemic injury
... In order to analyze the number of mononuclear cells and their proliferation properties after ischemia, flow cytometric analysis was performed on WT and TLR2−/− mice at 3 and 7 days after MCAO. As previously described ...
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Toll like receptor 2 controls expansion and function of regulatory T cells
... Proliferation of PAM-expanded Tregs. (A) TLR2 and TCR signals cooperate to increase CD25 expression on Tregs. Tregs were incubated with either PAM, anti-CD3, or a combi- nation of both in IL-2–supplemented medium. ...
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SPLUNC1 regulation in airway epithelial cells: role of toll-like receptor 2 signaling
... Figure 4 Effects NF- B on SPLUNC1 production in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE). NHBE were cultured under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions. At day 10 of ALI culture, cells were treated with an NF- B ...
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An aggrecan fragment drives osteoarthritis pain through Toll-like receptor 2
... (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1) can respond to ...only 2% of capsaicin-sensitive neurons (P = 0.037) (Table 2 and Supplemental Figure 1D), supporting the cell ...
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Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) plays a role in controlling cutaneous leishmaniasis in vivo, but does not require activation by parasite lipophosphoglycan
... Parasite burden quantification, and parasite genotyping DNA was extracted from the lesion tissue using the DNA Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. This me- thod ...
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Toll-like receptor 2 plays a critical role in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris
... factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) (Jenkins and Mansell 2010; Chen ...protein 2 (TAB2), this complex interacts with upstream kinases of p38, JNK, and inhibitor of NF-κB kinase (IKK) complex ...
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Antagonistic antibody prevents toll like receptor 2–driven lethal shock like syndromes
... HEK293 cells were cotransfected with reporter (57), human wild- type TLR2, human mutant TLR2 (lacking the N-terminal third of the LRR-rich domain; ref. 37), or mTLR2, as well as MD2 and CD14 (provided by Tularik Inc., ...
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Toll-like receptor-2 deficiency enhances non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
... to exist between the incidence of metabolic syndrome and the amount of total dietary fat intake of obese humans. One of the major constituents of the "western" diet (WD) typically consumed in the United States is ...
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Arg753gln and Arg677 Trp Polymorphisms of Toll-Like Receptor 2 In Acute Apical Abscess
... The receptor is highly expressed on the surface of a variety of immune cells [14-17] and it inter- acts effectively with other TLRs to recognize various microbial ...
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Modulation of atherosclerosis in mice by Toll like receptor 2
... Epidemiologic evidence has established a relationship between microbial infection and atherosclerosis. Mam- malian TLRs provide clues on the mechanism of this inflammatory cascade. TLR2 has a large ligand repertoire that ...
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Monomeric annexin A2 is an oxygen-regulated toll-like receptor 2 ligand and adjuvant
... A frequent binding partner of ANXA2 is the plas- minogen receptor protein S100A10 [5]. Upon binding to calcium, a conformational change occurs in ANXA2m that exposes a hydrophobic residue in its N terminus, ...
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Toll-like receptor 2 and type 2 diabetes
... AP-1, activator protein 1; CRP, C-reactive protein; DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; JAK-STAT, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription; LDL, ...
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Soluble toll like receptor 2 (TLR-2) is increased in saliva of children with dental caries
... odontoblast like cells with cell wall components of Gram-positive bacteria elicited cytokine and chemokine secretions in a TLR-2 dependent manner ...
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Association between Toll Like Receptor 4 (Thr399Ile and Asp299Gly), Toll Like Receptor 2 196 174 Deletion Polymorphisms with cryptosporidiosis
... effectors like IRAK, enabled phosphoryla- tion of p-38 and thus, activation of NF-kB signaling pathway triggering expression of human-defensin-2, cytokines/chemokines against ...
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Activates Innate Immunity through Toll-Like Receptor 2
... Following the Kurt-Jones et al. and Haynes et al. observa- tions, Haeberle et al. used C3H/HeJ mice (with a TLR4 point mutation leading to LPS unresponsiveness) and demonstrated that NF- B activation by RSV in vivo ...
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Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) induces migration and invasive mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis
... To further examine the therapeutic potential of blocking these pathways we assessed the effect of an anti-TLR2 antibody OPN301 in the ex vivo RA synovial explant model. OPN301 significantly reduced spontaneous se- ...
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