[PDF] Top 20 Effects of flight speed upon muscle activity in hummingbirds
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Effects of flight speed upon muscle activity in hummingbirds
... that hummingbirds, due to their high frequency of wingbeat, are approaching a limit for the time necessary for contraction and relaxation of the fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers that make up their flight ... See full document
9
Take off mechanics in hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
... the effects of motivational state upon take-off mechanics because these effects are largely ...initiated flight of their own volition or in response to hand signals that were intended to ... See full document
8
The effects of speed on the in vivo activity and length of a limb muscle during the locomotion of the iguanian lizard Dipsosaurus dorsalis
... CF activity and shortening are consistent with the muscle actively causing femur retraction and posterior femoral rotation nearly throughout stance and causing knee flexion during early ...CF ... See full document
16
The scaling of myofibrillar actomyosin ATPase activity in apid bee flight muscle in relation to hovering flight energetics
... in muscle efficiency with speed of contraction It is likely that differences in crossbridge cycling rate are far more important determinants of efficiency than is body mass, and that the scaling of overall ... See full document
12
Tactics to Stay Alive: Predation Risk Alters Body Condition and Escape Behaviour
... nor speed was associated with any predator-induced physiological responses suggests that these shifts in escape behaviour were dependent on the level of perceived predation risk ...their flight at take-off ... See full document
101
Speed dependent modulation of wing muscle recruitment intensity and kinematics in two bat species
... over-ground flight speeds for the species, ...of flight energetics than in birds because a greater number of muscles contribute to aerodynamic force ...Although muscle mass is a relatively crude ... See full document
10
Long term effects of the trehalase inhibitor trehazolin on trehalase activity in locust flight muscle
... the effects of trehazolin on the different forms of trehalase activity, locust flight muscle was fractionated by homogenization, centrifugation and treatment with ...and muscle was ... See full document
6
Flight and size constraints: hovering performance of large hummingbirds under maximal loading
... Although hummingbirds range in size from approximately 2 to 20 g, only the small (3–4 g) North American species have been investigated for their hovering performance capacities (Wells, 1993; Chai and Dudley, 1995; ... See full document
7
Contractile activity of the pectoralis in the zebra finch according to mode and velocity of flap bounding flight
... in muscle activity, to vary mechanical power output in ...different flight modes (level, ascending, descending; mean velocity ...variable- speed wind tunnel (0–12·m·s –1 ). Synchronized ... See full document
7
Flight mechanics and control of escape manoeuvres in hummingbirds II Aerodynamic force production, flight control and performance limitations
... how flight performance of hummingbird escape manoeuvres is related to mechanical power output of their muscles and to delays in their neural sensing and motor-control ...vigilant hummingbirds under ... See full document
12
Ascending flight and decelerating vertical glides in Anna's hummingbirds
... Ascending flight is commonly used by volant taxa in a diversity of biological contexts, including chases, escapes and mating ...sufficient muscle power output to overcome both gravity ...in ... See full document
5
Optomotor control of course and altitude in Drosophila melanogaster is correlated with distinct activities of at least three pairs of flight steering muscles
... spike activity in two synergists of the course control system, the muscles ...the flight control muscles under ...the effects of the corresponding stimuli on the wingbeat amplitude (WBA), the spike ... See full document
16
Limits to flight energetics of hummingbirds hovering in hypodense and hypoxic gas mixtures
... of flight mechanics and oxygen availability, this study reports hovering experiments in which sea-level air was partially replaced by pure ...experimental flight medium were simultaneously reduced; heliox ... See full document
11
Flight thermogenesis and energy conservation in hovering hummingbirds
... homeotherms, hummingbirds suffer from low thermal inertia and high heat ...Flapping flight is energetically expensive, and convective cooling due to wing and air movements could further exacerbate energy ... See full document
6
Timing of elevator muscle activity during climbing in free locust flight
... frequency, flight speed and ascent angle match the findings of previous field ...free- flight variables investigated in both types of study are (i) comparable for both genders of both locust species ... See full document
12
Neural interactions controlling timing of flight muscle activity in Drosophila
... The phase progression of unit 1 in intervals of unit 2 suggests that when unit 1 should have fired soon after unit 2, a neuronal interaction occurs that either synchronizes the firing ti[r] ... See full document
16
The effect of chlorpyrifos upon ATPase activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum and biomechanics of skeletal muscle contraction
... There is as yet no universally accepted theory of mechanism of pathological changes that cause damage to muscle functioning under effects of OPI and other anthropogenic factors [5-8]. The toxicity of ... See full document
7
Parasitic gut infection in Libellula pulchella causes functional and molecular resemblance of dragonfly flight muscle to skeletal muscle of obese vertebrates
... pulchella flight muscle power – cycle frequency curves ...observed effects of infection on flight muscle Tnt_Lp261 relative abundance ...lower flight muscle calcium ... See full document
10
On the Function of a Locust Flight Steering Muscle and its Inhibitory Innervation
... Results Effect of pleuroalar muscle contraction on forewing pronation To determine the effect that pleuroalar muscle activity has on wing pronation during tethered flight, stimulation el[r] ... See full document
27
Quantifying interspecific variation in dispersal ability of noctuid moths using an advanced tethered flight technique
... a flight mill is shown in Figure 1 (Patent: Lim et ...of flight is the mill arm, which is very lightweight but suitably rigid due to a unique con- struction method (Patent: Lim et ...the flight ... See full document
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