[PDF] Top 20 Unique Thermodynamic Response of Tipranavir to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Drug Resistance Mutations
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Unique Thermodynamic Response of Tipranavir to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Drug Resistance Mutations
... Residue mutations and rebuilding guided by 〈 -corrected 2mFo-DFc electron density maps were per- formed using the program O ...the protease based on mFo-DFc density ...WT protease complexed with LPV ... See full document
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Effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistance to Protease Inhibitors on Reverse Transcriptase Processing, Activity, and Drug Sensitivity
... HIV-1 protease, the effect of impaired cleavage of viral enzymes could have considerable effects on viral rep- ...three virus pairs studied here were characterized by a strong difference in ... See full document
5
Emergence of Drug Resistance Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Infected Subjects Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy
... the protease gene was sequenced only for the four patients who had received ...deduced protease and RT amino acid sequences were aligned with several HIV-1 sequences, as well as with others belonging ... See full document
5
Multiple, Linked Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Treatment Experienced Patients Are Missed by Standard Genotype Analysis
... which drug resistance mutations are missed by standard genotyping methods, we analyzed the same plasma samples from 26 patients with suspected multidrug-resistant human immunodefi- ciency ... See full document
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In Vitro Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag Protease Region and Maintenance of Reverse Transcriptase Resistance following Prolonged Drug Exposure
... others mutations were ...Figure 1 shows the tree obtained by the neighbor-joining ...the mutations 46I, 46I plus 82F, and p7-p1 (P2)V plus 46I, all of which were associated with IDV ...46I ... See full document
6
Positive Selection Pressure Introduces Secondary Mutations at Gag Cleavage Sites in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Harboring Major Protease Resistance Mutations
... of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients ...of mutations in the viral genome that confer drug resis- ...resistance mutations. Specifi- cally, many anti-HIV ... See full document
9
Altered Substrate Specificity of Drug-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease
... observed mutations in Gag cleavage sites that have been selected in response to saquinavir, ritonavir, indi- navir, lopinavir, and other experimental inhibitors (11, 23, 46, ...47). Mutations have ... See full document
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Polymorphism and Drug Selected Mutations in the Protease Gene of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 from Patients Living in Southern France
... PI resistance at positions 46 (V3I), 71 (V3I), or 90 (L3M) in HIV-2 infected patients receiving IDV-, SQV-, NFV-, or RTV-containing ...PI resistance-associated mutations at positions 54 (I3L or M), ... See full document
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Functional Correlates of Insertion Mutations in the Protease Gene of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates from Patients
... of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT), combined with the lack of an associated proofreading function (20), results in high levels of mutation ... See full document
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Structural and Thermodynamic Basis for the Binding of TMC114, a Next-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Inhibitor
... HIV-1 protease inhibitors, whose structure-based design resulted from extensive investigations of the conformation and function of HIV-1 protease, compete with substrate by binding at the ... See full document
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Gag Determinants of Fitness and Drug Susceptibility in Protease Inhibitor-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... the protease and gag genes of human immunodeficiency virus in patients who fail therapy with protease inhibitor ...drugs. Mutations within protease, the drug ... See full document
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Rapid and Sensitive Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay for Detection of Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Associated with High Level Resistance to Protease Inhibitors
... genotypic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) resistance to Food and Drug Administration-approved protease inhibitors was developed and ...primary ... See full document
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Impaired fitness of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with high-level resistance to protease inhibitors.
... the protease mutations impaired polyprotein processing, consistent with a decrease in enzyme activity in ...most mutations had little effect on viral replication except when the active-site ... See full document
8
Mapping Protease Inhibitor Resistance to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Sequence Polymorphisms within Patients
... mixtures. Drug-naive patients may also become infected by resistant variants of HIV-1 transmitted from individuals undergoing drug therapy (47) such that mixtures may reflect the reversion of ... See full document
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Worldwide Evaluation of DNA Sequencing Approaches for Identification of Drug Resistance Mutations in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... HIV-1 drug resistance ...determine mutations was analyzed only for the HIV-1 RT gene, there is no reason to assume that the quality of results would be different for the protease ... See full document
6
Second locus involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to protease inhibitors.
... against human immunodeficiency virus type ...however, resistance to protease inhibitors can develop and is attributed to the appearance of mutations in the protease ... See full document
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The Impact of Individual Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Mutations on Drug Susceptibility Is Highly Influenced by Complex Interactions with the Background Protease Sequence
... multiple mutations for protease inhibitor (PI) resistance necessitates a better under- standing of the molecular basis of resistance ...bioinformatics resistance determination approach ... See full document
9
Genotypic Changes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Associated with Reduced Susceptibility and Virologic Response to the Protease Inhibitor Tipranavir
... logic response to tipranavir. These tipranavir score mutations were identified based on univariable and multivariable analy- ses of phase II clinical trial data and were subsequently vali- ... See full document
8
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease-Correlated Cleavage Site Mutations Enhance Inhibitor Resistance
... HIV-1 protease (amino acids 1 to 99), reverse transcrip- tase (RT) (amino acids 1 to 305), and Gag (amino acids 418 to 500) sequences were obtained from samples submitted to Monogram ... See full document
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Monitoring Resistance to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Inhibitors by Pyrosequencing
... of drug-resistant viral variants is the inevitable consequence of incomplete suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication during treatment with ... See full document
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