API Standards

There are a wide variety of API Standards that may be included in the

contractual agreements to specify and control the quality of products for the petroleum, gas, petrochemical, chemical process and energy industries. A few of those that the SI should be familiar with and apply when specified are shown in the following subsections; but this list is not all inclusive. Others that are specified in the contractual agreements may be equally important to the quality of the delivered product. The information contained in the following industry standards is generic to a wide variety of products and therefore should be general knowledge to the experienced SI.

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API Std 610

Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries

API 610 specifies requirements for centrifugal pumps, including pumps

running in reverse as hydraulic power recovery turbines, for use in petroleum, petrochemical, and gas industry process services. This Standard is applicable to overhung pumps, between bearing pumps, and vertically suspended

pumps. Clause 9 provides requirements applicable to specific types of pumps. All other clauses of this International Standard apply to all pump types.

Illustrations are provided of the various specific pump types and the

designations assigned to each specific pump type. It does not cover sealless pumps.

This edition of API 610 is the adoption of ISO 13709:2009, Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries. NOTE: For sealless pumps, reference can be made to API Std 685. For heavy duty pump

applications in industries other than petroleum, petrochemical and gas processing, reference can be made to ISO 9905.

Relevant industry experience suggests pumps produced to this lnternational Standard are cost effective when pumping liquids at conditions exceeding any one of the following:

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Relevant industry experience suggests pumps produced to this lnternational Standard are cost effective when pumping liquids at conditions exceeding any one of the following:

API Std 610 Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural

Gas Industries

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Sealless Pump

What is a sealless pump, exactly? What differentiates them from traditional sealed pumps? We've put together this informative resource to help you understand these advanced fluid handling technologies...

A sealless pump is essentially a conventional centrifugal pump without

packed glands or mechanical seals. The dynamic seal that would normally be used to seal the impeller shaft is instead replaced by a static containment

shell -- or shroud -- to form a completely sealed liquid end or pressure boundary.

Prime mover energy is transmitted to the sealed liquid end by a bank of external magnets, which pass force through the containment shell to the impeller shaft.

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Mechanical seals are designed to maintain their sealing capability by leaking small amounts of fluid as a means to keep the seal faces lubricated. This

leakage then reaches the environment as either a liquid or vapor via a process referred to as fugitive emission. This represents the primary operational advantage of sealless pumps over sealed designs: sealless pumps dont leak, meaning that they can help reduce process inefficiencies, maximize output and minimize the risks posed to your process environment by hazardous and volatile materials.

Furthermore, seals, like bearings, must wear. As they wear, the seal faces lose their effectiveness and liquid loss through the seal increases. These

fugitive emissions can get costly, resulting in lost time and money, as well as decreased worksite safety.

Without these seals -- which will ultimately fail, requiring expensive

maintenance -- our Sundyne HMD Kontro sealless magnetic drive pumps represent a cost-effective and highly reliable alternative to traditional sealed pump designs.

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Environmental controls, occupational safety and product liability are now of paramount important to process plant operators. To this end, most companies will probably have a seal maintenance or support program in place to

decrease their continuous leak problems. This involves large amounts of time and expense, as well as an extensive spares inventory. However, the most significant cost associated with the use of traditional sealed pumps is the downtime required when it comes time to replace failed seals.

By eliminating leakage and removing unreliable seals from the design, Sundyne HMD Kontrol sealless magnetic drive pumps provide immediate cost, safety and reliability advantages over traditional sealed designs.

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Magnetic Driven Sealless Pumps

External Magnetic

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API Std 611

General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

API Std 611 specifies the minimum requirements for general-purpose steam turbines, including basic design, materials, related lubrication systems,

controls, auxiliary systems and accessories. General-purpose turbines are horizontal or vertical turbines used to drive equipment that is usually spared, is relative small is size (power), or is in non-critical service. They are

generally used where steam conditions will not exceed a pressure of 700 psig (48 bar) and a temperature of 750⁰F (400⁰C) or where speed will not exceed 6,000 rpm.

Specifications:

< 700 psig (48 bar) < 750⁰F (400⁰C)

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API Std 611 General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 611 General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 611 General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 611 General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 614

Lubrication, Shaft-Sealing and Oil-Control Systems and Auxiliaries for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Services

API Std 614 specifies the general requirements for lubrication systems, oil type shaft-sealing systems, dry-gas face-type shaft-sealing systems and

control-oil systems for general-or special-purpose applications for equipment such as compressors, gears pumps and drivers. General purpose

applications are limited to lubrication systems.

This edition of API 614 is the adaptation of ISO 10438:2007, Petroleum,

petro-chemical and natural gas industries – Lubrication, shaft-sealing and oil- control systems and auxiliaries.

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API Std 617

Axial and Centrifugal Compressors and Expander- Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Services

API Std 617 specifies the minimum requirements for axial compressors, single-shaft and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors and

expander-compressors. This standard does not apply to fans or blowers that develop less than 5 psi rise above atmospheric pressure. This standard also does not apply to packaged, integrally-geared centrifugal plant and

instrument air compressors. Hot gas expanders over 500o_{F are not covered in}

this standard. Equipment covered by this standard are designed and constructed for a minimum service life of 20 years and at least 5 years uninterrupted operation.

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Axial and Centrifugal Compressors and Expander-Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Services

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Axial and Centrifugal Compressors and Expander-Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 618

Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

API Std 618 specifies the minimum requirements for reciprocating

compressors and their drivers for handling process air or gas with either

lubricated or non-lubricated cylinders. Compressors covered by this standard are low to moderate speed machines. Also included in this standard are

related lubrication systems, controls, instrumentation, intercoolers,

aftercoolers, pulsation suppression devices and other auxiliary systems. This standard does not cover integral gas engines, compressors with single acting trunk-type pistons that also serve as crossheads, and plant or instrument-air compressors that discharge at or below 125 psig.

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API Std 618 Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 618 Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 618 Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services

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API Std 677

General-Purpose Gear Units for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Services

This standard covers the minimum requirements for general-purpose,

enclosed single and multistage gear units incorporating parallel shaft helical and right angle spiral bevel gears for the petroleum, chemical, and gas

industries. Gears manufactured according to this standard shall be limited to the following pitchline velocities. Helical gears should not exceed 60 m/s

(12,000 ft/min), and spiral bevels shall not exceed 40 m/s (8,000 ft/min).

Spiral bevel gearsets shall be considered matched sets. This standard is not intended to apply to gears in special-purpose service, which are covered in API Std 613; to gears integral with other equipment; to epicyclic gear

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API Std 682

Pumps-Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps

This Standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary pumps used in the petroleum, natural gas and chemical industries. It is applicable mainly for hazardous, flammable and/or toxic services where a greater degree of reliability is required for the improvement of equipment availability and the reduction of both emissions to the atmosphere and life-cycle sealing costs. It covers seals for pump shaft diameters from 20 mm (0,75 in) to 110 mm (4,3 in).

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API Std 682

Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps

API Std 682 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary pumps used in the petroleum, natural gas and chemical industries. It is applicable mainly for hazardous, flammable and/or toxic services where a greater degree of reliability is required for the improvement of equipment availability and the reduction of both emissions to the atmosphere and life-cycle sealing costs. It covers seals for pump shaft diameters from 20 mm (0,75 in) to 110 mm (4,3 in).

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Hydraulic Institute Standards

HI 14.6 Rotodynamic Pumps for Hydraulic Performance Acceptance

In document Understanding API SIRE Reading-1 Part 1 of 2 (Page 168-197)