Application for vehicular network demand wireless communication network there are many available ways for wireless communication such as Ad hoc network cellular network, wireless LAN and info system. The network choice depends on the application demands, so we should be aware with them and their requirements.
The discovery of entirely new class of applications was imposed by VANET and their aimed to provide an improved, safer and co-operative driving experience. Here, the application can be additional divided in two types: Safety Applications which helps to increase driver’s safety and Comfort Applications which take care of improving the driver’s experience.
Another work consider the grouping of the applications [114]. The RSU can be viewed as an access point or router or a butter point storing and providing data when is needed. The vehicles uploaded or downloaded all data on the RSUs. Application are classified as Car to Infrastructure applications, Car to Car Traffic applications, Car to Home applications and Routing based applications.
Based on the type of communication either V2I or V2V, we are organizing the applications of VANETs into following categories: 1) Safety oriented, 2) Commercial oriented 3) Convenience oriented and 4) Productive Applications.
3.3.1 SAFETY APPLICATIONS
Applications for safety involve monitoring of the surrounding road, road surface, road curves, approaching vehicles etc. Major problems is connected with the safety time distribution of critical alerts to nearby vehicles. Applications correlated with the Road safety can be classified as:
1) Real-time traffic: At the RSU all the real time data traffic is stored and it can be accessible whenever and wherever the vehicles needed. This can play a significant role by resolving problems related to traffic jams, avoid congestions etc.
2) Co-operative Message Transfer: Slow/Stopped Vehicle will communicate by exchanging messages and co-operate in order to help other vehicle. Although reliability and latency would be a main problem, this can automate things such as potential accidents avoidances and emergency breaking.
3) Post Crash Notification: A vehicle participating in an incident will send to other vehicles warming messages about its position so they can take timely solution about their actions and as shown in Figure 3.10 to the highway patrol for toll away support.
Figure 3.10 Emergency situation Notification
4) Road Hazard Control Notification: Vehicles give other vehicles information about road having landslide or road feature notification due to sudden downhill, road curve etc.
5) Cooperative Collision Warning: Notifies two drivers which have great chance to crash on the road, so they can take timely decision to change the road.
6) Traffic Vigilance: In the RSU cameras can be installed, so they can work as input and behave like the latest tool in low or zero tolerance against driving offenses.
3.3.2 COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS
Commercial applications will give the driver with entertainment opportunities and also such as web access, streaming video and audio. They can be classified as follow:
1) Remote Vehicle Diagnostics/Personalization: This application supports the network in order to download data to personalize vehicle settings or upload of vehicle diagnostics from/to infrastructure.
2) Internet Access: If RSU is working as a router cars can easily access internet through it.
3) Digital map downloading: Drivers can downloaded the regions map. Content Map Database Download behave like a portal for getting valuable information from mobile hot spots or home stations.
4) Real Time Video Relay: Services such as on-demand movie experience will not be any more restricted only of the home, but drivers will have the opportunity to ask for real time video relay.
5) Value-added advertisement: This application is directed to the service providers that have intentions to attract customers to their stores. Messages such as highways restaurants, petrol pumps to announce their services to the drivers within communication scope. In general case this
application can be reachable even without Internet connation.
3.3.3 CONVENIENCE APPLICATIONS
Convenience application mainly directed to traffic management with an aim to improve traffic efficiency by increasing the degree of driver’s convenience. Convenience applications can be categorized as:
1) Route Diversions: In case of road congestions trip and route planning can be made.
2) Electronic Toll Collection: By the use of Toll Collection payment of the toll can be done electronically. A Toll collection Point must be capable to read vehicle OBU. Via GPS OBUs work and the on-board techno graph or odometer as a spare to define how far the Lorries have travelled by reference to a digital map and GSM to authorize the payment of the toll via a wireless link. This
application is not only useful to the drivers but to toll operators as well.
3) Parking Availability: Messages related to the parking availability in the metropolitan cities helps to find the availability of slots in parking lots in a certain geographical region.
4) Active Prediction: It anticipates the upcoming road topography, which is supposed to optimize fuel usage by controlling the speed before starting a descent or an ascent.
3.3.4 PRODUCTIVE APPLICATIONS
They are namely productive intentionally as they come up as an addition to the above mentioned applications. They can be classified as:
1) Environmental Benefits: AERIS research program [71] is to give rise to and gain environmentally-relevant transportation data in real-time, and use these data to establish real information that help and facilitate “green” transportation choices by system transportation operators and users. With the use of a multi-modal approach, the AERIS program will work in collaboration with V2V communications research effort to better identification how vehicle data and applications that are connected may contribute to mitigate, for instance, the negative environmental impacts of surface transportation.
2) Time Utilization: If a passenger downloads his email, he can turn traffic jam into a productive task and read on-board system and read it by himself if traffic stuck. One can search in
the Internet when someone is waiting in car for a friend or relative.
3) Fuel Saving: When the TOLL system application for vehicle collects toll at the toll booths without persuading vehicles to stop, the fuel around 3% is preserved, which is consumed
when a vehicles as an average waits normally for 2-5 minutes.