51 MODULE TWO –THE BASICS OF HTML UNIT ONE - GETTING STARTED WITH HTML
1.0 Introduction 2.0 Objectives
52
HTML editors and converters available, and you may decide to choose one of them based on your particular needs. But for all the HTML examples in this unit, we will use Windows Notepad to illustrate just how simple creating HTML can be.
Figure 1: A Symbol of Notepad
1. To open Notepad, click on the Start button in the lower-left corner of your screen.
Then choose Programs, followed by Accessories. Click on the Notepad icon.
Figure 2: Processes of Clicking on the Notepad Icon
Notepad begins with a blank document. You can begin typing to create a new document. To open an existing text file from disk, pull down the File menu and choose Open.
53 Figure 3: Notepad Environment
2. Choose the file name from the Open File dialog box. Notepad's Open File dialog window normally only shows files with the extension .txt. You'll want to change the Files of Type selection to All Files if you're opening or saving an HTML file, which uses the extension .htm or .html.
3. Once you've opened an existing file or begun typing a new one, you can easily edit your text. Notepad has all the basic editing functions of a word processor. For example, you can select blocks of text for cut and paste operations.
4. HTML files usually contain very long lines that will run off the edge of the page.
Notepad has a feature called Word Wrap that will format these lines to fit entirely within the window, making them much easier to read. To activate this feature, pull down the Edit menu and select Word Wrap.
Figure 3: Notepad Environment – Word Wrap
5. To save your HTML file, first pull down the File menu. If this is a new file that you started from scratch, choose Save As and then type a file name. Remember to use .htm or .html as the file exten
out which extension you should use.) If this is an existing file that you opened from Notepad, you can just choose Save from the File menu.
3.2– How to Use Mark up Tags The use of markup tags is wha
extensively in HTML, and they provide ways to control text formatting, create links to other documents, and even incorporate images and sounds. In short, markup tags are the key to making HTML pages work. Markup tags are not case
element tag (which you'll learn about in the next unit) can be typed as even <BoDy>.
Figure 4 : An example of body element tag 1. Open a new file in Notepad and type in the words
example, we'll make this text appear in boldface type
2. HTML markup tags are easy to create. They consist of a left angle bracket, the name of the tag, and a right angle bracket. The left and right angle brackets are also known to some as less-than and greater
<B> where you'd like the boldface type to begin.
3. Locate the place where you'd like the boldface to stop. At this point, you need to create an ending tag for the boldface type. An ending tag looks just like a starting tag, except it is preceded by a forw
tag, type </B>.
54
To save your HTML file, first pull down the File menu. If this is a new file that you started from scratch, choose Save As and then type a file name. Remember to use .htm or .html as the file extension. (Check with your Web server administrator to find out which extension you should use.) If this is an existing file that you opened from Notepad, you can just choose Save from the File menu.
How to Use Mark up Tags
The use of markup tags is what separates HTML from plain text. Markup tags are used extensively in HTML, and they provide ways to control text formatting, create links to other documents, and even incorporate images and sounds. In short, markup tags are the key to
rk. Markup tags are not case sensitive. For example, the body element tag (which you'll learn about in the next unit) can be typed as <BODY>
An example of body element tag
Open a new file in Notepad and type in the words “the bold new frontier
example, we'll make this text appear in boldface type from the following sentence:
HTML markup tags are easy to create. They consist of a left angle bracket, the name of the tag, and a right angle bracket. The left and right angle brackets are also known than and greater-than symbols. To start a boldface markup tag, type where you'd like the boldface type to begin.
Locate the place where you'd like the boldface to stop. At this point, you need to create an ending tag for the boldface type. An ending tag looks just like a starting tag, except it is preceded by a forward slash character (/). To mark the end of the boldface To save your HTML file, first pull down the File menu. If this is a new file that you started from scratch, choose Save As and then type a file name. Remember to use
sion. (Check with your Web server administrator to find out which extension you should use.) If this is an existing file that you opened from
t separates HTML from plain text. Markup tags are used extensively in HTML, and they provide ways to control text formatting, create links to other documents, and even incorporate images and sounds. In short, markup tags are the key to
sensitive. For example, the body
<BODY>, <body>, or
bold new frontier”. In this from the following sentence:.
HTML markup tags are easy to create. They consist of a left angle bracket, the name of the tag, and a right angle bracket. The left and right angle brackets are also known than symbols. To start a boldface markup tag, type
Locate the place where you'd like the boldface to stop. At this point, you need to create an ending tag for the boldface type. An ending tag looks just like a starting tag,
ard slash character (/). To mark the end of the boldface
4. When viewed with a Web browser, the text between the appear in boldface.
Figure 5: An example
5. Almost every markup tag in HTML requires both a starting tag and an ending tag.
One notable exception is the paragraph marker, <P>, which does not require an ending </P> tag.