While flow tube experiments are increasingly being conducted to investigate multiphase uptake processes important to atmospheric chemistry, little work has been done to quantify the hygroscopicity of indoor surfaces or the uptake of gases by indoor surface films (especially damp). The complexity of this quantitative prediction is compounded by the knowledge gap concerning parallel plate flow reactor models and applications, the lack of prior literature on indoor uptake of gases (except for ozone), and the difficulty of mimicking indoor environments with real indoor materials. To provide insights into parallel plate flow reactor uptake
experiments, this study introduced three parallel plate flow reactor scenarios: continuously mixed flow reactor (CMFR), plug flow reactor, laminar flow reactor.
The CMFR model is the most well-developed, and it provides the theoretical foundation for parallel plate plug flow model. As a critical but hard-to-calculate parameter in these two models, transport-limited deposition velocity 𝜈) can be measured by coating surfaces with a “perfect sink". With the ability to measure 𝜈) for ozone, we can predict 𝜈) for other small polar organic compounds under the similar gas concentrations and flow conditions. Besides this
method, 𝜈) can be predicted by mass transfer coefficient adjusted by flow geometry and velocity, which is beyond the scope of this thesis due to its complexity.
In the plug flow model, our parallel plate reactor can measure uptake coefficients from 10%& to 10%' for gases with a transport-limited deposition velocity in the range 0.02 ~ 0.2
the calculation of reaction probability γ by equation (32) is feasible if measured 𝜈) is much larger than correspondingly measured 𝜈c. Herein, lack of knowledge of 𝜈) for certain interested gases hampers our ability to further determine reaction probabilities on indoor surfaces based on equation (32). The lack of a way to make a correction for radical concentration gradient
(especially when surface uptake rate is very high like 𝜈) ≥ 10%g 𝑐𝑚 𝑠%. ) can also be a limitation for plug flow model. Plug flow model has been widely applied for prior experiments with laminar flow (Zhang & Zhang, 2005; Riedel et al., 2015), and the actual outlet
concentration should be higher than what is predicted by the plug flow equations, since the laminar flow has a lower concentration near surface which leads to a lower uptake rate compared with plug flow.
A remaining key knowledge gap pertaining to the parallel plate laminar flow reactor model is a proper boundary layer model that takes gas-surface reaction kinetics into account. Ensuring a fully developed laminar flow through the parallel plate reactor requires purposeful engineering design like the calculation of entrance length through which the gas concentration profile is well developed. Note that our reactor design aimed to guarantee a laminar flow, however, based on the above, parallel plate plug flow reactor is much more feasible and convenient for calculation, so a further design update is needed.
With further theoretical developments regarding these parallel plate models, we hope to gain the knowledge about the hygroscopicity of indoor surfaces and uptake of reactive,
potentially abundant indoor water soluble gases that may inform us about the magnitude of indoor surface wet chemistry.
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