‘21st century chemicals’ risk assessment will be driven by two factors, new materials, but perhaps more strongly new technology leading to new biological understanding. As more is understood about the interaction of chemicals with biological systems, the risk from legacy chemicals, new chemicals, and chemical mixtures (a particular challenge) will need to be re-assessed on an ongoing basis. Two technologies in particular will drive this development, analytical techniques leading to better and more sensitive measures of exposure and the ‘omics methods for the genome, proteins and metabolites that will provide a greater understanding of hazard, mechanisms and susceptibilities.
All these methods will produce large amounts of data that will themselves raise more questions. Therefore the major challenge ahead will not be generating data, but generating the right data and making the right interpretation from all the data
available. Care will need to be taken to ensure that the new hazards recognised are real and relevant to human risk. Otherwise, there will be a danger that chemicals will be replaced with substitutes with less desirable hazard profiles. The future is good for the development and use of less hazardous chemicals, and a safer, healthier environment.
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