Descriptive, correlational and inferential statistics

It is usual to use both descriptive and inferential statistics when analysing data. Classically, in most research conducted on groups of people, both descriptive and inferential statistics will be used to analyse the results and draw conclusions.

Page 118 of 308

This is a purely instructional course. It will be teacher centred with minimal pupil interaction.

Activity Objective Outcome

Talk to the children about chemicals, Define types of chemicals, Bad chemicals – Good chemicals.

To introduce the concept of ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ chemicals To understand that

they are being communicated too To understand the types of hazardous chemicals they might see

To understand where these chemicals may be located in their homes

To know that some chemicals are ‘good’ – won’t cause harm - and some chemical are ‘Bad’ and can cause harm To know that there

are labels on

hazardous chemicals To know that there

are many hazardous chemicals in the home

To know where these chemicals may be located in the home Hold up A4 size Symbol

images To test subjects

understanding of symbols relative to hazard type and dispel any misconceptions

Ability to identify the correct symbol for each hazard type Describe verbally the

hazard symbols Describe verbally each hazard symbol meaning. Hold up A4 size hazard words e.g. ‘Hazard’, ‘Harm’,

‘Precaution’ To test understanding of Hazard related words and overall precaution message

To know the meaning of hazard related words and overall precaution message Describe verbally the

meaning of each hazard word

Perform ‘Ice Walk’ * to help explain the meanings Hold up A4 size red

diamond To test understanding of red diamond

To know that the red diamond means hazardous chemical

Describe verbally Red Diamond meaning

Keep Repeating all above

Reinforce learning To reinforce knowledge gain for all elements

*The ‘ice walk’ is pretending to walk along a pavement and come across a patch of ice. It is designed to teach children about the terms ‘Hazard’, ‘Harm’ and ‘Precaution’. Table 8. Teaching schema for school 1 – control

Page 119 of 308 Initial Teaching

Activity Learning Style Objective Outcome

Query children about chemicals, Types of chemicals, Bad chemicals – question and answer

Active teaching To introduce the

concept of ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ chemicals

To understand that they are being communicated too To understand the types of hazardous chemicals they might see To understand where these chemicals may be located in their homes To know that some chemicals are ‘good’ – won’t cause harm - and some chemical are ‘Bad’ and can cause harm To know that there are labels on hazardous chemicals To know that there are many hazardous chemicals in the home To know where these chemicals may be located in the home

Display very large Symbol images

projected onto a screen

Visual

To test subjects

understanding of symbols relative to hazard type

Ability to identify the correct symbol for a hazard type Describe verbally the

hazard symbols

Auditory

Project hazard type words onto the large screen

Read/Write

Describe verbally the hazard words

Auditory

Make sounds for each hazard type e.g. Choking sound for Toxic

Auditory

Circulate empty bottles with symbol labels / hazard names on around the class

Tactile Read/write Visual

Project hazard associated words onto screen e.g. Hazard, Harm, Precaution

Read/Write

To Test understanding of Hazard related words and overall precaution message

To know the meaning of hazard related words and overall precaution message

Describe verbally each word

Auditory

Perform ‘Ice Walk’ and get ‘volunteers’ to perform as well

Visual Kinaesthetic

Project red diamond onto large screen

Visual

To test understanding of red diamond

To know that the red diamond means hazardous chemical Describe verbally Red

Diamond meaning

Auditory

Page 120 of 308 Active Learning activities

Activity Learning Style Objective Outcome

Hazard Definition match Read/Write To test understanding of

key words

To know what the key words mean

Hazard Dominos game Visual Read/Write Kinaesthetic Tactile Auditory

To match the correct word meaning to the correct symbol

Ability to identify the correct symbol for a hazard type

Hazard maze Visual To understand the concept

that hazardous chemicals should be locked away

To know that hazardous chemicals should be stored in a safe place

Chemical Safety Poster Visual Read/Write Kinaesthetic Tactile Auditory

To produce a poster warning children of the dangers associated with hazardous chemicals

To reinforce the knowledge of : The overall message to ‘stay away from chemicals’ The meaning of symbols

Where hazardous chemicals may be found in the home

Identify the hazard pictures

Visual Read/Write

To write the correct word meaning to the correct symbol

To know the meaning of each hazard symbol

Hazard Word Search Read/Write To find the key hazard

words

Become familiar with the key hazard words Hazardous chemical Location match Visual Read/write To match hazardous chemical type with location in the home

To reinforce the knowledge of where hazardous chemicals may be found and what types of chemical are hazardous

Table 10. Active learning activity schema for school 2 - test