Desktop Virtualization - Dcucd50 Sg Vol1

Desktop virtualization, as a concept, separates a PC desktop environment from a physical machine using a client-server model of computing. The model stores the resulting “virtualized” desktop on a remote central server instead of on the local storage of a remote client. Thus, when users work from their remote desktop client, all of the programs, applications, processes, and data used are kept and run centrally. This allows users to access their desktops on any capable device, such as a traditional PC, notebook computer, smart phone, or thin client.

Desktop virtualization involves encapsulating and delivering access to a remote client device in order to access the entire information system environment. The client device may use a

different hardware architecture than that used by the projected desktop environment, and may also be based upon an entirely different operating system.

The desktop virtualization model allows the use of VMs to let multiple network subscribers maintain individualized desktops on a single, centrally located computer or server. The central machine may operate at a residence, business, or data center. Users may be geographically scattered, but all may be connected to the central machine by a LAN, a WAN, or the public Internet.

• Primary goals:

- User experience—support different types of workers

- Network latency tolerance

- Effective provisioning

- Scalability

- Agility and availability

- Access from any device—endpoints include variety of device types

- Access from anywhere

Access from anywhere Dynamic desktop assembly Deliver Rich Media

Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) is the practice of hosting a desktop operating system within a VM running on a centralized server or servers.

The following major reasons and goals make VDI an appealing solution:

n User experience:

— Instant on with fast boot

— Mobility: Desktop available through any device — Functionality: Fully functioning, personalized desktop

— Support for peripherals: USB, network, printing, scanning, and so on

— Support: Performance, service-level compliance, quick resolution of problems

n Tolerance to network latency: VDI can be used in all contemporary networks today.

n Effective provisioning: With VDI, it is easier to provision desktops, because all are

located in the data center.

n Scalability: Similar to server virtualization, the VDI is easily scaled—an administrator just

needs to add hardware resources.

n Agility and availability:

— From the user perspective:

n The same environment, regardless of device

n Allows the same usage of peripherals, regardless of device

n Allows the same personalization, regardless of device

n Allows access to the same desktop, regardless of location — From the IT perspective:

n Multiple types of virtual storage

n Supports every major operating system

n Can deliver the same applications as a physical desktop

App Main OS Guest OS Guest App App Server Synchronized Desktop Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS Hypervisor OS OS Des ktop Server App OS OS OS Presentation Server OS App App Display Data A pp lic ati on

Client-Hosted Computing Server-Hosted Computing

Desktop Streaming Remote Hosted Desktop (VDI)

OS Apps Apps Apps

Terminal Services Application Virtualization

The desktop virtualization solutions can be divided into two main categories, based on the means of delivering the virtual desktop:

n Desktop-oriented solutions: The user desktop can be used in these ways:

— Desktop streaming: The desktop is streamed to the user client device, allowing the

desktops to be centrally managed via synchronization, but still requiring the computing capacity on the end-user side (for example, Citrix XenDesktop with XenClient, VMware View with offline mode). The users can work even if the connectivity to the data center is not available (if the applications allow it). — Remote hosted virtual desktop or VDI: The desktop is hosted in the data center

servers and the end user merely uses a terminal access to the desktop. For this solution to work, it is important to have connectivity between user client devices and the data center.

n Application-oriented solutions: The applications rather than the desktops are used in

these ways:

— Application virtualization: Applications are streamed similarly to the desktop

streaming solution.

— Terminal services: Applications are hosted on central servers and users use remote

• Sizeable cluster-based application to manipulate large amounts of data • Rationale—big data

- Data growth—massive amounts of unstructured data (petabytes)

- Traditional solution shortcomings

• RDBMS—limited to terabytes and strict structure

• SAN or NAS—stores only data without analytics • Usability

- Finance—accurate portfolio evaluation and risk analysis

- Retail—delivers better search results to customers

- Long-term archival store for log datasets

Big data is a foundational element of social networking and Web 2.0-based information companies. The enormous amount of data is generated as a result of democratization and ecosystem factors such as the following:

n Mobility trends: Mobile devices, mobile events and sharing, and sensory integration

n Data access and consumption: Internet, interconnected systems, social networking, and

convergent interfaces and access models (Internet, search and social networking, and messaging)

n Ecosystem capabilities: Major changes in the information processing model and the

availability of an open source framework for general-purpose computing and unified network integration

Data generation, consumption, and analytics have provided competitive business advantages for Web 2.0 portals and Internet-centric firms that offer services to customers and service differentiation through correlation of adjacent data.

With the rise of business intelligence data mining, analytics, market research, behavioral modeling, and inference-based decision-making, data can be used to provide a competitive advantage. Here are a few use cases of big data for companies with a large Internet presence:

n Targeted marketing and advertising

n Related sale promotions

n Analysis of behavioral social patterns

n Metadata-based optimization of workload and performance management

The requirements of traditional enterprise data models for application, database, and storage resources have grown over the years, and the cost and complexity of these models has increased to meet the needs of big data. This rapid change has prompted changes in the fundamental models that describe the way that big data is stored, analyzed, and accessed. The

model is now being expanded to incorporate new building blocks that address the challenges of big data with new information processing frameworks purpose-built to meet requirements of the big data. These purpose-built systems must also meet the inherent requirement for integration into current business models, data strategies, and network infrastructures.

Traditional Database

RDBMS

Storage

SAN and NAS “Big Data”

“Big Data”

NoSQL

Application

Virtualized, Bare Metal, and

Cloud Sensor Data Logs Social Media Click Streams Mobility Trends Event Data

Added to the enterprise stack

Two main building blocks are being added to the enterprise stack to accommodate significant data:

n Hadoop: Provides storage capability through a distributed, shared-nothing file system, and

analysis capability through MapReduce.

n NoSQL: Provides the capability to capture, read, and update, in real time, the large influx

of unstructured data and data without schemas. Examples include click streams, social media, log files, event data, mobility trends, and sensor and machine data.

Cloud service delivery model

• Self-service portal • Standardization

- Central catalog of templates and media

• Multiple-tenant environment

Image of infinite resources

• Dynamic scaling and capacity management invisible to users • No overprovisioning

Cloud Admin

End User or IT Representative

Cloud Infrastructure Cloud Orchestration and Provisioning

& APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS APP OS Virtual Data Center Virtual Data Center Virtual Data Center Virtual Data Center

Private clouds provide an ideal way to solve some of your biggest business and technology challenges. A private cloud can deliver IT-as-a-Service (ITaaS), which helps reduce costs, reach new levels of efficiency, and introduce innovative new business models. Consequently, an enterprise can become more agile and efficient, while simplifying its operations and infrastructure.

In document Dcucd50 Sg Vol1 (Page 77-82)