B. oral rehydration therapy with ORESOL C. public education
D. immunization
A__69. A very early sign of dehydration in a child with diarrhea:
A. thirst
B. sunken eyes
C. increased pulse and breathing rates D. somnolence
D__70. Primary reason for inclusion of glucose in oral rehydration solution:
A. as a source of calorie B. for palatability
C. to increase the nutritive value
D. to help in the absorption of sodium B__71. A. proportionate Mortality indicator:
A. Age-sex specific death rate B. Swaroop’s index
C. Infant Mortality Rate D. Neonatal Mortality Rate
B__72. To establish ways to improve the overall health status of communities the best
experimental approach to use is:
A. Clinical trial B. Community trial
C. Therapeutic trial D. Intervention trial
B__73. The most accurate relative risk is the one established in:
A. case-control study B. cohort prospective C. cohort retrospective D. cross-sectional study E. all of the above
B__74. To determine the prevalence of a disease this study design is used A. Descriptive D. cohort
B. Cross sectional E. experimental C. Case control
C__75. A cross-sectional study is not applicable for this purpose:
A. determine the magnitude of diseases B. establish baseline data
C. study causes of disease D. study rare diseases
D__76. Controls in a case-control study are those:
A. who will constitute the comparison group B. who will not develop the outcome
C. who will not be given the experimental drug D. who do not have the illness being studied
C__78. The most important thing to consider in the selection of cases in a case-control
study:
A. That the cases will definitely show positive exposure
B. That the cases can be interviewed regarding past experiences C. That the cases satisfy the specific diagnostic criteria
D. That the cases are typical of the patients to be studied
C__79. Not true of cohort studies:
A. Investigators still have to wait for the outcome B. Controls are those without exposure or risk factor C. Intervention is given to the exposure group
D. Study moves forward with time
C__80. Statement/s that describes an experimental study:
A. The investigator can only observe occurrence of disease in people under
natural setting
B. Contrast in outcome between study groups are observed, not created in a
controlled way
C. The investigator controls conditions under which the study is done D. The investigator observes disease occurrence in people who are
grouped on the basis of experience or exposure.
D__81. The study design where the investigator has control over the conditions of the
study:
A. cross-sectional l B. case-control C. cohort
D. experimental
D__ 82.Experimental studies are concerned with
A. Investigating hypothesis regarding causal association
B. Measuring effects on animals of introducing in a controlled way new cures for diseases
C. Observing distribution of diseases in population
D. Testing hypothesis through direct control over assignment of subjects to study groups
D__ 83. Intervention trial is exemplified by:
A. Simple mastectomy for breast cancer B. BCG vaccination for prevention of TB C. Isoniazid for TB prophylaxis
D. Antihypertensive drugs to minimize stroke
B__ 84. The probability sampling method that assures adequate representation of
minority sub-groups A. Systematic sampling B. Stratified sampling C. Cluster sampling
D. Simple random sampling :
C__85. Management of infants with diarrhea under the CDD Program A. Rest the stomach by fasting for a day
B. Shift from breastfeeding to lactose free formula C. Add vegetable oil to food
D. Start co-trimoxazole after 6 episodes of diarrhea
D__86. The most effective method to control TB in the Philippines is:
A. Isolation of TB patients
B. Mass chemoprophylaxis with INH
C. Mass chest x-ray and treatment of cases D. Mass BCG vaccination
B__ 87.The most common complication associated with BCG vaccination is:
convulsion
suppurative lymphadenitis encephalitis
reactivation of TB
B__ 88.The management for an infant who developed a 10 mm red, tender swelling at
the BCG site is:
A. application of topical antibiotic on the swelling
B. assurance of the mother that no treatment is needed C. application of pulverized INH on the swelling
D. prophylactic INH at 10 mg/kg/day
C__89. Occurrence of a group of illness of similar nature clearly in excess of normal
expectancy;
A. Holoendemic B. Hyperendemic C. Epidemic D. Pandemic
C__90 The rate used as an indicator of an outbreak or an epidemic:
A. Morbidity rate B. Case fatality rate C. Incidence rate D. Prevalence rate
A__91. A graphical presentation of data most useful in locating cases during an epidemic:
A. Spot map B. Pictograph C. Scatter diagram D. Histogram
C__92. Risk considered due to exposure:
A. relative B. absolute C. attributable D. odd’s ratio
A__93. The one that establishes cause-effect relationship is:
A. relative risk B. absolute risk C. attributable risk
B__94. Randomized control trial means:
A. randomization was used and there is a control group
B. randomization was used, there is a control group and conditions are controlled by the investigator
C. randomization was used, there is a control group and the study is blinded
D. randomization was used, there is a control group, the study is double blinded
D__95. Cross-over trial means:
A. with separate comparison groups B. with separate control groups C. no control group
D. subject and control are the same persons
D__96. To encourage community participation, the local doctor should do the following:
A. invite people from civic organizations B. refer to specialist if the need arises C. encourage sponsorship of programs D. listen when people relate their problems
B__97. In the Philippines, the age range most infected with HIV is:
A. 15 – 24 years old B. 25 – 39 years old C. 35 - 44 years old D. 45 – 55 years old
B__98. The most important mission of the Department of Health A. Promote healthy lifestyle
B. Ensure accessibility and quality of health care C. Reduce morbidity and mortality
D. Improve the general health status of the people
C__99. Which diagnostic test is constantly reviewed in the National TB program?
A. Bronchoscopy B. Chest x-ray C. Sputum culture D. Tuberculin skin test
C__100. If a pregnant woman received 3 doses of Tetanus Toxoid she will have an
immunity against tetanus for how many years?
A. 3 years B. 5 years C. 10 years D. 15 years
C__101. The mother of a 5-month old infant claimed that her baby had received complete immunization for his age. One can assume that the baby has already
:received:
A. BCG and measles vaccine
B. BCG, 3 doses of OPV and 1 measles vaccine C. BCG and 2 doses of DPT vaccine
D. BCG, 3 doses of OPV, DPT, Hepatitis B vaccine, 1 measle4s vaccine 1. Primary health care as defined in Alma Ata is referred to as:
A. first contact between a physician and the patient
B. strategy utilizing participatory approach in the provision of