Exercise - Vehicle Electronics Architecture

1 Vehicle Electronics Architecture

1.37 Exercise

Q1: Which module is the most logical candidate to embed cruise control functions?

Engine related control functions are embedded in engine control computer. Since cruise control features require using engine RPM, throttle position, vehicle speed and gas-pedal position to acquire the cruise control functionality, it is pretty logi-cal to integrate cruise control functions in the engine control computer.

Q2: Draw a simple block diagram of cruise control functions showing all sensors and control devices?

Q3: What is required to enhance the cruise control functional block as depicted in Fig. 1.51 to make it an adaptive cruise control?

In order to add adaptive cruise control functions, it is essential to monitor the speed of the vehicle moving ahead of the subject vehicle in the same lane.

The speed sensing mechanism required to do the embedded function uses two methods:

1. Radar Detection 2. Image Capture

In order to enhance the simple cruise control system, added detection and control functions are needed to achieve the level of adaptive cruise control.

Q4: Modify the high level vehicle electronics architecture below by adding a power supply module feeding all modules from the vehicle battery. Show all the dele-tions and addidele-tions as necessary.

PROCESSING

Throttle Drive Pedal Position

Throttle Position Engine RPM

Vehicle Speed

Control Switches Brake Switch

Fig. 1.51 Cruise control functional block 1.37 Exercise

Q5: What are the advantages & disadvantages of a central load dump topology?

Q6: Why the ignition switch is connected to every module in a distributed vehicle architecture?

Q7: Write down the path to transfer a program ﬁ le into the module memory from an end-of-line tester being utilized in a vehicle assembly plant?

Q8: How would a defective electronics module is detected in the vehicle assembly plant—if it gets faulty while the vehicle is rolling off the assembly process?

IGNITION SWITCH

FUSE

KEY:

Network Operating Software

Module Application Software

Module

BATTERY ( B+ ) COMMUNICATION LINK

Sensors, Switches Actuators, Lamps

Engine Controller

Transmission Controller

Instruments & Displays

Tire Pressure Monitor

Vehicle Body Functions HVAC Controls & Displays

Airbag Logic & Drive

Antiskid Logic & Controls

Power Steering Assist

A N

Q9: If you were to make a decision on the vehicle battery size (amps/hour), what engineering factors would you consider to ﬁ nalize the size of the battery?

Q10: What options a module manufacturer could consider when developing the module operating software?

Q11: List a few advantages of a universal airbag module?

Q12 List few common hardware and software parameters that can be realized in a universal airbag module?

Q13: What has been the progress on 42 V vehicle electrical system?

Q14: What are the enablers to drive more electrical energy?

Q15: Compare and contrast the ‘embedded’ verses ‘straight-wire-switch” topology?

Q16: What is the main assignment of a watch dog timer?

Q17: What is the relationship between the “Watch-Dog-Timer” and the “Reset” to a microcontroller?

Q18: List some of the module nomenclatures used by Nissan Quest.

Q19: Are the nomenclatures used in the industry vary by each OEM?

Q20: What is the common conduit in a distributed module processing to share information?

Q21: Deﬁ ne a Bootstrap loader?

Q22: Deﬁ ne a Primary Boot Loader (PBL)?

Q23: Deﬁ ne a Secondary Boot Loader (SBL)?

Q24: Explain the use cases of MROM, EPROM, EEPROM and Flash Memory type microcontrollers in an automotive engineering design?

Q25: What is a real time operating software?

Q26: Explain the difference between Complex Instruction Set Computer and Reduced Instruction Set Computer Architectures?

Q27: Why a RISC processor is a better selection for a real time operating software?

Q28: What are the different sets of harnesses used in a typical vehicle?

Q29: What is the difference between vehicle chassis and vehicle body?

Q30: What is the difference between “unibody” verses” ‘body-on-frame” vehicles?

Q31: If the automotive module is equipped with a ﬂ ash memory space within the microcontroller then why it is critical to use an external EEPROM space as well?

Q32: If two dissimilar microcontrollers have different memory address space, can there be an identical secondary bootloader?

Q33: If two dissimilar microcontrollers have different CAN interfaces, can there be an identical primary bootloader?

Q34: Draw a simple analog radio diagram 1.37 Exercise

Fundamental Module Blocks

2.1 Introduction

An electronics control module in a typical vehicle is dependent upon the vehicle battery for its power requirements. The battery power must not be applied to the module electronics without passing through the safety and protection electronics, which is the fi rst line of defense against unwanted energy transients, and battery inadvertent operations from the vehicle electrical systems. The safety and protec-tion circuits are mandatory requirements for an electronics control module designed for motor vehicle applications. It essentially shapes the fi rst block of any vehicle electronics module.

The following fundamental hardware blocks (Fig. 2.1 ) typically reside in an automotive control module. However, some exceptions do apply when the module design-scope and functions are initially defi ned.

1. Safety and Protection 2. Switched Battery 3. Power reservoir 4. Power supply

5. Ignition switch ‘Start’ position interface 6. Ignition switch ‘Run and Accessory’ interface 7. Specifi c Input function Interface

8. Processing engine

9. Reset and watch dog timer 10. Program storage

11. Critical data storage 12. Flash programming port 13. Specifi c output function driver 14. Communication node

LAMPS RELAYS MOTORS SOLENOIDS

Lx Rx Mx Sx

TWISTED PAIR CAN BUS 28.DIAGNOSTICS CONNECTOR

PROCESSING POWER

09.RESET & WATCHDOG TIMER 04.POWER SUPPLY 01.SAFETY & PROTECTION

20C:Alternator

12V - 14V DC

29 Service Tools (Downloads, Diagnostics, Secondary bootlaoder)

FUNDEMENTAL MODULE BLOCKS 20D:Starter Motor

In document Automotive Electronics Design Fundamentals (Page 83-87)