8K
outside flavors on the results. The results from the
quality assurance samples showed that the procedures for
sample collection, glassware cleaning, sample
preparation, testing area selection, and panel testing were adequate in preventing the introduction of foreign
odors.
Additional sensory panel work is needed to investigate
the possible enhancement of chlorinous odors in samples
chlorinated with a musty odorant present. This research was inconclusive, since the panel could not perceive
changes in the chlorinous flavor intensity. Further work
must first develop the panel's sensitivity to changes in
free chlorine concentration.
The FPM is an effective tool for use by utilities as an aid in making water management decisions from the water source to the consumer's tap. The FPM was shown to be
useful for analyzing the occurrence of taste and odor in
the raw water source, the removal of taste and odor
through water treatment at the OWASA plant, and for the persistence of problems in the distribution system. By describing all the flavor characteristics of a sample,
the FPM can monitor multiple odorants and is well suited
B6>
effects of treatment processes. The FPli also simulates how the consumer perceives the water quality.
A utility can organize and conduct a sensory panel using the FPM. This research was successful in implementing
the FPM using equipment and materials that are available to any utility. Using the materials, procedures, and manpower described in this paper, a utility can
incorporate the FPM into their regular water quality monitoring program.
f;;eferences
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as
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(Abramis brama) from the Porvoo Sea Area (Gulf of
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89
22. Hwang, C.J., Krasner, S.W., McGuire, M.J., Moylan,
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23. Izaguirre, G-, Hwang, C.J., Krasner, S.W., and
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25. American Water Works Association, Handbook__Df __Iaste
§.Qd„Qd9r__Control„ExEeriences_in„the__yS__and„.C
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Research Foundation, 1985.
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Append!K A
Typical Flavor Descriptions and Abbreviations (Philadelphia Water Department, 34)
•
'. A2 SYMBOL DESCRIPTION Af an aftertaste Bi bitter Che chemical Cha chalky CI chlorinous Cu cucumberDr drying sensation (for taste)
Ea earthy, peaty
- Fi fishy
Fl flowery/perfuray
Fr fruity
Ga geramium
•
Gr grassy, freshly cutHay old grass, hay-like
He hydrocarbon, petroleum
I iodine
Med medicinal
Met metallic
Mo moldy, damp cellar
Mu musty, decomposing No no odor/taste On oniony Ph phenolic PI plastic Pp pig-pen Ru rubber hose Sa salty, briny Se septic
•
SI : slick (for taste)
A3
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
So sour
Sp spicy
St stale