Dialog 2 is for questions 3 to 5
B. Make two dialogs based on the guidelines below
Then, practice the dialogs in front of the class with your friend.
responds to the greeting. He tells Sita that he will go to the market.
says that the fact is true. He explains that he is going to check his uncle’s stall in the market.
accepts the offer and expresses his gratitude.
1. Sita Handi
greets Handi. She asks where Handi will go.
tells Handi that the market was caught on fire last night.
responds to Handi’s explanation.
She offers to join him.
tells Ari that the teacher has chosen her to represent the school in the computer competition.
expresses her gratitude.
expresses her promise. She asks Ari to help her whenever she is in trouble.
responds to the news. Then, he congratulates Nia.
reminds Nia to practice more so that she will win the competition.
says his willingness.
2. Nia Ari
Contoh jawaban:
1. Sita : Hi, Handi? Where are you going?
Handi : I’m going to the market.
Sita : What? Listen, the market was caught on fire last night!
Handi : I know that. I’m going there to check my uncle’s stall whether it was burnt down or not.
Sita : I see. If that’s so, may I join? Who knows I can help something.
Handi : Of course. Thanks.
2. Nia : Listen! The teacher has chosen me to represent the school in the computer competition!
Ari : Has he? That’s great! Congratulations!
Nia : Thank you.
Ari : Remember! From now on, you have to practice more and more.
Nia : Surely I will. But, will you help me whenever I need help?
Ari : Of course, I will help you and support you.
3.2 Genre
Spoken Text
Read the monolog and study the explanation.
Listen, all, I want to tell you about a very interesting place from the eastern part of our archipelago, Papua. This place is Baliem Valley. Have you ever heard this name before?
O.K., listen to me carefully.
Well, the Baliem Valley, which is sometimes known as the Grand Valley, is one of the highlands of Papua province. The valley is about 80 km in length and 20 km in width and lies at an altitude of about 1,000 m, with a population of 100,000. This place is occupied by the Dani people. And . . . the main town in the valley is Wamena. It has very beautiful scenery with the blue sky above it.
182 UNIT 3 Descriptive
You know, as far as the outside world was concerned, the Baliem Valley along with the unexpected presence of its large agricultural population was discovered by Richard Archbold on his third zoological expedition to New Guinea in 1938. Since then the valley has gradually been opened up to a limited amount of tourism. Now, the Baliem Valley becomes one of the major tourist spots in Papua. Many tourists, domestics and overseas, have visited the place.
O.K., that’s my description about the Baliem Valley. Thanks for listening.
Adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baliem_Valley (Desember 28, 2008)
The text above is a spoken descriptive text. In spoken texts, there is usually interaction between speakers and listeners. Therefore, in such texts, you can find some fillers, such as well . . ., um . . ., you know . . . and listen, all.
Written Text
Title Thousand Islands
Identification
Thousand Islands (Indonesian: Kepulauan Seribu) is the only regency of Jakarta, Indonesia. It lies on the Java Sea, precisely on the north of Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia.
Read the text and try to understand its generic structure.
Description
The entire area consists of a string of 105 islands which stretch 45 kilometers north into the Java Sea, with the closest lying in Jakarta Bay only a few kilometers off mainland Jakarta.
With a total land area of 8.7 km2, the population of the entire islands is about 20,000. Pramuka Island is the regency seat of the Thousand Islands; although, the most populated island is Panggang Island.
The area itself is a marine national park; although, development is allowed on 37 of the islands. Some others are uninhabited and some of them are developed to become resort islands, such as Bidadari, Ayer, Laki, Putri, Pelangi, Sepa and Bira.
Adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thousand_Islands_(Indonesia) (December 28, 2008)
Grammar Section Question Words
The text is a written descriptive text.
A descriptive text focuses on the characteristic features of a particular thing, e.g.
a person, an animal or a thing. Descriptions are usually organized to include:
● Identification to the subject of the description;
● Description, presenting the characteristics or the features of the subject, e.g.
physical appearance, qualities, habitual behavior, significant attributes.
Note:
Grammatical characteristics of descriptive texts are:
● use of particular nouns, e.g. Thousand Islands
● use of the simple present tense, e.g. The entire area consists of a string . . . ., Some others are uninhabited and . . . .
● use of detailed noun phrases to provide information about the subject, e.g. With a total land area of 8.7 km2 the population of the entire islands is about 20,000
● use of a variety of types of adjectives, e.g. entire, uninhabited
● use of relating verbs to provide information about the subject, e.g. Thousand Islands (Indonesian: Kepulauan Seribu) is the only regency of Jakarta, Indonesia
Read the following dialog and understand the explanation.
Rika : Sani, what does your brother do?
Sani : He is an architect.
Rika : Where does he work?
Sani : He works in a constructing company in Jakarta.
Pay attention to the bold-typed words above. They are called question words. You use question words to ask certain types of questions (question word questions). You often call them as WH words because they include the letters WH, such as Why and HoW.
184 UNIT 3 Descriptive
Here are some questions words you can use and their examples.
WH Word asking for repetition or confirmation
asking for a reason, asking why
asking about time asking in or at what place or position asking about choice
asking what or which person or people (subject)
asking what or which person or people What is your name?
What? I can’t hear you.
You did what?
What do you take an English course for?
When did Lina leave?
Where do your cousins live?
Which color do you want?
Who opened the door?
Whom did you see?
Whose are these keys?
Whose turn is it?
Why did you come late this morning?
How did the man do this work?
How was your exam?
Answer My name is Andi.
I said that I couldn’t go to your house.
To improve my English skills.
An hour ago.
They live in Denpasar.
I want green.
Arman did.
I saw our Principal.
These keys are mine.
It is your turn.
Because I woke up late.
He did it carefully and correctly.
It was rather difficult.
Indefinite Pronouns
To refer to non-specific thing(s) To refer to non-specific place(s)
The question word how can be combined with an adjective and an adverb. It functions to ask about extent and degree. See the examples below.
Source: http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/wh-question-words.htm (April 4, 2008)
Read the following dialogs and understand the explanation.
1. Vita : Linda, what’s wrong with you? You look sad.
Linda : Someone has broken my calculator.
Vita : I’m sorry to hear that.
2. Tito : Henny, did you see anything on the table?
Henny : No, I didn’t see anything. Did you lose something?
Tito : Yes. I lost my pin.
Henny : I’ll tell you when I find it.
The bold-typed words in the dialogs above are called indefinite pronouns. You use
an indefinite pronoun to refer to a person, thing or place that is not specific. Usually indefinite pronouns use some and any. Some is used in affirmative/positive sentences, any in questions and negatives. However, some is also used in questions when you want an affirmative answer.
Example: Did you buy something in the market? Yes, I did. Here are indefinite pronouns.
WH Word
How far is your house from school?
How long will it take to finish the craft?
How many cars are there?
How much money do you have?
How old are you?
How come I can’t see her?
Answer
Around two kilometers.
About three days.
There are 25 cars.
I have Rp50,000.
I am twenty years old.
Because you came late.
186 UNIT 3 Descriptive
Teks yang dibacakan guru dan jawaban:
Do you know the biggest market in Jakarta?
I guess, it should be Tanah Abang Market.
Tanah Abang Market is precisely (1) situated on Jalan Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta. It is true that this market is one of the biggest and busiest (2) shopping spots in Indonesia. You know, Tanah Abang Market started off about 300 years ago as an (3) animal market. As time goes by, now it (4) occupies
a three-storey commercial building. It also spills over to the hundreds of (5) street vendors sprawling in the area. They take up not just the (6) sidewalks but also part of the road. No wonder the traffic there is often crawling.
The market opens (7) daily, from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. The stalls there sell mainly textiles, apparel, carpets and draperies. However, one can also find imaginable (8) merchandises, such as home accessories, (9) kitchenware, shoes, firecrackers and even rifles! Fruits, soft drinks and snacks abound. Like other markets, buyers can (10) bargain the prices offered by sellers.
Adapted from: http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-2881455-tanah_abang_market_jakarta-i?action=describe (December 28, 2008)
Answer the questions orally.
1. You have learned recount texts in Unit 2. What is the purpose of a recount text?
Jawaban: To tell past experiences.
2. What elements does it have?
Jawaban: Orientation, event, re-orientation.
3. What are the differences between recount and descriptive texts in general?
Jawaban: A recount text is to tell past experiences while a descriptive text is to describe something in particular. A recount text has orientation, event, re-orientation.
A descriptive text has identification and description.