While tourist infrastructure figures such as those used for Maps 12.1 and 12.2 provide an
T
OURISM
0 100 MADEIRA P 025 CANARIAS E 0 100 GUADELOUPE F 0 25 MARTINIQUE F 0 20 REUNION F 0 20 GUYANE F 0 100 0 100 500 km 0 50 CYPRUS 0 10 MALTA(bedplaces per 1 000 inhabitants)
2003 — NUTS 2 > 100 60–100 40–60 20–40 20
Data not available
Population data: 2002
EL, FR91, FR92, FR93, FR94: 2002 RO: 2001
Statistical data: Eurostat database: REGIO © EuroGeographics, for the administrative boundaries Cartography: Eurostat — GISCO, February 2005
indication of the accommodation capacity avail- able in a specific region, it is still important to know the extent to which this capacity is actually used. An occupancy measurement is therefore necessary. The NewCronos database contains data on accommodation and the number of overnight stays at NUTS 2 level for the years 1994 to 2004. These figures are broken down further according to residents and non-residents. Non-
residents are people living in a country other than that in which the region is situated.
Since the indicator here shows the percentage of total overnight stays, it is possible to ascertain the proportion of foreign tourists and thus the attrac- tiveness of a region for international tourism. However, the percentage of overnight stays ac- counted for by foreign tourists also depends, of
ACORES P 0 100 MADEIRA P 025 CANARIAS E 0 100 GUADELOUPE F 0 25 MARTINIQUE F 0 20 REUNION F 0 20 GUYANE F 0 100 0 100 500 km 0 50 CYPRUS 0 10 MALTA
Number of bedplaces in hotels and similar establishments
as a proportion of total bedplaces
2003 — NUTS 2 > 75 50–75 40–50 25–40 25
Data not available
EL, FR91, FR92, FR93, FR94: 2002 RO: 2001
Statistical data: Eurostat database: REGIO © EuroGeographics, for the administrative boundaries Cartography: Eurostat — GISCO, February 2005
larger ones.
The highest percentage of overnight stays by non- residents can be found in the Austrian Länder of Vorarlberg and Tyrol, Estonia, Cyprus, Luxem- bourg and the Flemish part of Belgium. This shows how heavily some of these countries, such as Austria and Cyprus, depend on foreign visi-
coastal regions), on the other hand, there is less dependence on foreign tourists. Domestic tourism plays a predominant role in these big countries.
A very different picture emerges if one examines the variations in overnight stays in hotels and sim- ilar establishments between 2002 and 2003,
T
OURISM
ACORES P 0 100 MADEIRA P 025 CANARIAS E 0 100 GUADELOUPE F 0 25 MARTINIQUE F 0 20 REUNION F 0 20 GUYANE F 0 100 0 100 500 km 0 50 CYPRUS 0 10 MALTANights spent in hotels and similar establishments
variation 2003/2002 (%) — NUTS 2 NUTS 2 > 6 2 to 6 –1 to 2 –4 to –1 –4
Data not available
DEB1, DEB2, DEB3: 2003/1999 EL, ES64: 2002/2001
UK: 2002/2001; UKK4: 2002/1999 SK: 2003/2001
RO: 2001/2000
Statistical data: Eurostat database: REGIO © EuroGeographics, for the administrative boundaries Cartography: Eurostat — GISCO, March 2005
particularly for the new Member States. In Esto- nia and Latvia, on the Baltic coast of Poland, in Hungary and in Bulgaria, the number of overnight stays rose by up to 6 % — and some- times even more — in comparison with the previ- ous period. Although these percentage changes are influenced by the reference values used for the comparison (a relatively low reference value gives a very high percentage change), they nevertheless reflect a change in travel behaviour. This may well
be due to economic pressure forcing people to choose holiday destinations closer to home. How- ever, political or other reasons for preferring new destinations over traditional holiday countries such as Spain and Italy may also play a role. It is also evident that the enlargement process and with it the attraction of new holiday destinations in the new Member States already had an effect on tourism in 2003. This trend needs to be moni- tored in future years.
ACORES P 0 100 MADEIRA P 025 CANARIAS E 0 100 GUADELOUPE F 0 25 MARTINIQUE F 0 20 REUNION F 0 20 GUYANE F 0 100 0 100 500 km 0 50 CYPRUS 0 10 MALTA
Nights spent in hotels and campsites by non–residents
(proportion of total nights)
2003 — NUTS 2 > 70 50–70 30–50 20–30 20
Data not available
EL, UK: 2002 RO: 2001
Statistical data: Eurostat database: REGIO © EuroGeographics, for the administrative boundaries Cartography: Eurostat — GISCO, February 2005
new Member States. Traditionally, south Euro- pean regions predominate in the list. However, established holiday regions such as Tyrol (Aus- tria), Oberbayern (Germany) and Gelderland (the Netherlands) also feature. As far as accommoda- tion type is concerned, there is no obvious pattern that applies to all 20 regions. The accommodation structure depends on the individual region, al- though hotels and campsites are the most com- monly found types of accommodation.
In recent years, European tourism and related in- dustries have undergone major changes. The data collected by the Member States and published by Eurostat show that tourism is gaining in impor- tance for the European regions. The main factor that encourages regions to increase their attrac- tiveness is the trend towards more frequent and shorter holidays. The examples given above will, it is hoped, encourage readers to make even greater use of the regional data on European tourism.
T
OURISM
FR — Rhône-Alpes (370 199) IT — Trentino-Alto Adige (367 003) ES — Andalucia (334 409) FR — Bretagne (319 794) AT — Tirol (264 746) DE — Oberbayern (232 491) UK — London (188 139) UK — Dorset and Somerset (173 580) NL — Gelderland (166 514) EL — Notio Aigaio (152 914) IT — Sicilia (133 564) PT — Algarve (130 693) PT — Lisboa e vale do Tejo (127 115)0 % 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 % ES — Cataluña (648 382) FR — Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (431 767) ES — Islas Baleares (414 396) IT — Toscana (405 259) FR — Languedoc-Roussillon (392 513) ES — Canarias (377 635) IT — Veneto (652 721)
Graph 12.1 — Top 20 EU-25 tourist regions — Distribution of bed places by type of accommodation, 2003 — NUTS 2
Hotels Campsites Dwellings Other
0 50 000 100 000 150 000 200 000 250 000 300 000 350 000 BECZDK DE EEEL ES FR IE IT CYLV LT LUHUMTNL AT PL PT SI SK FI SE UK BGRO
Graph 12.2 — Inbound and domestic tourism in 2003 — Nights spent in hotels and campsites by residents and non-residents