D.1 Regular projects
D.1.3 Outputs of regular projects
Figure 2: Content of a work package: interconnection between group of activities and outputs
It is recommended to carefully select the content and the number of work packages. Applicants should keep each work package focused and devote it to groups of activities that are related in nature (e.g., research, piloting) or theme (e.g., optimising value‐chains, improvement of quality assurance processes).
Project objectives, results and outputs have to be logically linked to the project work plan (work packages, activities, time plan). Namely, the work plan has to clearly show both how the set objectives will be reached and results achieved.
D.1.3 Outputs of regular projects
The increase of target groups’ institutional capacity (project results) will be achieved through main outputs. The main outputs are understood as tangible ultimate products of projects that are further used by relevant target groups in the region. For instance, in order to increase waste‐to‐energy production in the region, respective waste and energy management authorities and local municipalities should be provided with e.g. policy tools, guidelines and equipment, which will be the project’s main outputs. Therefore, good quality, relevant and properly applied and used outputs are of pivotal importance for a project to achieve its set results (that is, increase institutional capacity of project target groups) and to bring a positive change in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR).
The main outputs have to incorporate transnational value either due to:
1) their practical use by project target groups across the countries,
2) or being used as a model solution that can be transferable to other locations.
Projects have to clearly define the tangible main outputs needed to reach their intended result. An output alone is not enough. Each output will contribute to the intended change only if used properly by the relevant target groups and in the relevant parts of the BSR. Thus, defining a main output also means defining its mode of use. Ultimately, the durability of the main outputs will depend on their successful use.
The scheme below illustrates the causal sequence of steps leading to a project result:
Figure 3: Work package description: causal chain from project activity to result
The main outputs may be different types of tools, methods, products or model solutions developed by a project and used as a means to achieve expected results. Some examples are detailed below:
territorial development strategies and concepts (e.g. smart specialisation strategies, strategies for green transport corridor);
transnational action programmes and plans;
business/investment plans and market access strategies;
documents for a specific investment (e.g. feasibility studies, technical concepts, environmental impact assessments, territorial impact assessments, building plans, construction design);
investments;
thematic expertise (e.g. economic analysis, market analysis);
resource maps and process management plans (e.g. waste‐to‐energy management plans, cradle‐to‐cradle models, resource/energy efficiency management plans, service offers);
management plans (e.g. crisis management, management plans for the marine environment and resources, logistics);
ICT tools (e.g. databases, information exchange, monitoring and assessment systems, smartphone applications);
branding and marketing concepts and strategies; and
educational products (e.g. training programmes or methods, curricula).
Intermediary outputs
Normally a project also produces outputs other than the main outputs. These outputs are of an intermediary nature, namely, they are understood as “in‐
between steps” that eventually will feed into a main output. To give an example, an intermediary output may be a stakeholder analysis of biomass potentials that is collected from partner countries, which eventually constitutes a basis for a main output—a roadmap of biomass use in the region.
In the application these intermediary outputs are referred to as outputs.
Investments
In the context of the Programme investments are possible if they help address challenges identified by the project. Investments should be an integral part of the project rationale and complement the rest of the activities and outputs, and ultimately lead to the achievement of the set project results. Thus, the transnational value of an investment is justified by its contribution to the achievement of project objectives and results.
An investment may either be of a pilot nature or be an already existing solution that has previously been tested outside the project. In the first case the investment most commonly would be used as a test case of new solutions and might not be intended for permanent use. Nonetheless, in both cases the development and evaluation of the investment has to be carried out through joint transnational work.
There are various types of challenges that can be addressed by investments.
Some examples of investments are as follows:
ICT solutions (hardware and software) to improve performance of a transnational network of SMEs, and research and innovation infrastructures;
infrastructure and technical investments in ports, railway routes and road junctions improving the operability and interoperability of a transnational transport corridor;
technical equipment enhancing effectiveness of actions in case of marine accidents in the Baltic Sea;
technical infrastructure to improve urban energy efficiency;
new and broadly applicable technologies for SMEs to boost their innovation capacity;
ICT solutions unlocking accessibility of peripheral areas;
technical equipment of ships to reduce exhaust gases;
water treatment facilities reducing land‐based marine pollution;
technical solutions for efficient production and use of bio‐mass;
technical solutions for energy saving in buildings; and
technical solutions increasing the share of environmentally friendly public transportation.
In the application investments are considered as main outputs. Therefore, in the work plan applicants have to list the activities leading to investments. Their intended use by the target groups has to be described as it is done for any other main output.
From the financial point of view expenditure related to an investment might belong to budget lines 4, 5 and 6. This means that the relevant costs need to be planned within one of the specified budget lines and be highlighted accordingly.
During the reporting the same principle should be followed and investment related expenditure should be highlighted in the progress reports. When it comes to specific rules on eligibility, these are explained in Chapter F.3 of the Manual. Project partners planning to deliver investment outputs should consult the relevant information in the Manual and with the JS, if necessary, to avoid planning and paying for ineligible expenditure.