Plotting is one of the most commonly used modules of OilField Manager because it is easy to use, effective, and capable of doing many procedures for analysis of production data.
Plotting Basics
Rules
• All project variables (again, project variables consist of input variables, calculated variables and calculated fields) may be plotted.
• Text variables cannot be plotted.
• Plot and Graph are often used interchangeably in many cases (especially when there is one graph in the window), but they may not be identical. Graph is the visual representation of the data. Plot is the housing of the graph(s). A plot (as in plot window) can contain single or multiple graphs.
Learning Objectives
OFM supports up to six graphs in one plot window. Each graph can have up to 6 vertical (Y) axes, but it can only have one horizontal (X) axis.
Also, each y-axis can have multiple variables. In this module, you will successfully learn how to perform the following procedures:
• Create a graph with one y-axis
• Create a graph with two y-axes
• Create a plot with multiple graphs
• Use Plot Lock and Graph Blow Up options
• Create stacked graph/plot on entities
• Create stacked graph/plot on variables
• Use Sum/Average/% Contribution plot types
• Create plot overlay (substitutes DataSafe)
• Use Plot Annotations
• Use plot-related tools/utilities
Creating a Graph with One Y-Axis
1. From the Filter pane, select the Filter Archive tab. The previously created archive (Prod_Wells98) is displayed in the list.
2. Select Prod_Wells98 and right-click. A shortcut menu displays.
3. Select Load. The filter criterion is applied to the wells displayed on the basemap.
4. Select the Filter tab and click the , Group icon located at the top of the Filter pane.
5. Select Analysis>Plot. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
6. Locate the Graph section of the dialog. Set Number of Graphs to 1 and Current Graph to Graph 1.
7. Locate the Y Axis section of the dialog. Set Number of Axes to 1 and Current Axis to Y-AXIS 1.
8. In the X-Axis section of the dialog, select Date from the Variable list field and 1 for the Multiplier.
9. Click in the Variables column and select Monthlyprod.Oil from the list of predefined variables.
Verify that the checkbox in front of the variable is selected.
10. Click OK. The plot is generated and displayed in the OFM plot window.
11. Locate the Properties pane. Click in the blank cell to the right of the Curves property and select 1: Monthlyprod.Oil:CURRENT: (18). The curve is selected and the curve properties are displayed in the Properties pane.
12. Use the vertical scrollbar to locate the Curve Attributes section of the Properties pane. Increase the Line Width to 4.
Note: Click on the X-Axis or Y-Axis to change the axis attributes in the Properties Pane.
13. Select the X-Axis. Use the vertical scroll bar to locate the Tics properties.
Change the Line Color to Gray. The tic marks are updated to reflect the changes.
14. Locate the Font property displayed at the base of the Properties pane.
Click in the property field and a browse button is enabled. Click the browse button and the Font dialog displays.
15. Change the Size to 9 and click OK. The Font dialog closes and the size of the text displayed on the X-Axis is updated.
16. Select the Y-Axis. Use the vertical scroll bar to locate the Tics properties.
Change the Line Color to Gray. The tic marks are updated to reflect the changes.
17. Verify that the Y-Axis Scale Type is Logarithmic.
18. Locate the Font property displayed at the base of the Properties pane.
Click in the property field and a browse button is enabled. Click the browse button and the Font dialog displays.
19. Change the Size to 9 and click OK. The Font dialog closes and the size of the text displayed on the Y-Axis is updated.
20. Select the graph to display the graph properties in the Properties pane.
Locate the Graph Settings section of the Properties pane.
21. Click in the Setup field located in the Headers section, a browse button is enabled.
22. Click the browse button and the Headers dialog displays.
23. Click Add a blank row is inserted in the Headers dialog.
24. Click Assist. The Edit Headers dialog displays. Type @Name() in the Edit Headers dialog and click OK. The Edit Headers dialog closes and you are returned to the Headers dialog.
25. Click Font. The Font dialog displays.
26. Select the following properties:
Font – Arial
28. Click OK. The Font dialog closes and you are returned to the Headers dialog.
Note: To insert an image, such as c company logo in the plot header click Add in the Headers dialog. A new row is inserted. Click Assist to display the Edit Header dialog.
Type the system function @image and the full path of the image you want to insert. For example, @image(“C:\Logos\Schlumberger.bmp”). Click OK to close the Headers dialog. The image is displayed on the plot.
Note: To move the logo use the drag and drop method. The logo can also be resized by modifying the font properties.
29. Click OK to close the Headers dialog.
30. Double-click on the plot. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
31. Click Add Curve two times. Two rows are inserted in the variables section of the dialog.
32. Select Monthlyprod.Gas and Monthlyprod.Water for the variables of the newly inserted rows.
33. Click OK. The Edit Plot dialog closes and the data is displayed on the plot.
34. Select the Monthlyprod.Gas curve on the plot. The properties are displayed in the Properties pane.
35. Assign the following attributes to the curve:
• Color – Red
• Type – Solid
• Width – 3
• Multiplier – M
35. Select the Monthlyprod.Water curve on the plot. The properties are displayed in the Properties pane. Assign the following attributes to the curve:
• Color – Blue
• Type – Solid
• Width – 3
Note: If you have multiple curves and want them to share some of the same properties, you can assign those properties by selecting ALL CURVES from the Properties pane. For example, if all curves share the same Type, Width, Point, and Fill properties you can select ALL CURVES and change those properties once.
36. To change the size and/or location of your plot, select the plot (not the curves) and anchor points indicate that the plot is selected.
37. Right-click and select Move/Resize from the shortcut menu. The mouse pointer changes to a four arrow-headed cross.
38. Select one of the anchor points and resize the plot.
39. From the well drop-down list, select a well. The plot refreshes and displays the data for the selected well.
Note: Once you have selected a well from the list, you can no longer retrieve the grouped entity i.e., (18). You must reapply the filter and group the data.
Note: The first, previous, next and last buttons enable you to quickly navigate through the wells in the list.
Creating a Graph with Two Y-Axes
1. Select the basemap and regroup the wells.
2. Select the Plot tab and double-click on the plot. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
3. Locate the Y-Axis section of the dialog and select 2 from the Number of Axes list field. The variables previously listed are removed.
4. Click Add Curve. There should be two blank rows displayed in the variables section of the dialog.
5. Add Oil.Cum and Gas.Cum variables.
6. Click OK. The Edit Plot dialog closes.
7. Select the Cumulative Oil Production (Oil.Cum) curve and assign the following attributes to the curve:
• Color – Dark Green
• Type – Dashed
• Width – 3
8. Select the Cumulative Gas Production (Gas.Cum) curve and assign the following attributes to the curve:
• Color – Dark Red
• Type – Dashed
• Width – 3
• Multiplier – MM
9. Select the second Y-Axis and change the tick marks to gray and the font size to 9 point.
10. Move the legend to the upper left corner of the plot window.
Creating a Plot with Multiple Graphs
1. Select the Plot tab and double-click on the plot. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
2. Locate the Graph section of the dialog and change the Number of Graphs to 4. An OFM message dialog displays prompting you to overlap graphs. Click No.
3. Set the Current Graph to Graph 2. The variables previously listed are removed.
4. Select Ratio.GOR from the Variables list.
5. Change the Current Graph to Graph 3.
6. Select Oil.Cum for the X-Axis variable. For the Y-Axis variable select Water.Cut.
7. Switch the Current Graph to Graph 4.
8. Select Water.Cum for the X-Axis. Select Monthlyprod.Water for the Y-Axis.
9. Click OK. The Edit Plot dialog closes.
Note: If there are less than four graphs on the plot, the default setting is Overlap. If that are more than four graphs on the plot, the No Overlap option is automatic.
Creating Bar Charts
OFM 2005 has an option to generate bar charts in the Plot module. Make sure you clear the previous filter before proceeding.
1. From the Filter pane, expand the Category node and the Lease node.
2. Select Berringer. Only wells meeting that filter criteria are displayed in the base map.
3. Group the data by clicking the Group icon located at the top of the Filter pane.
4. If you do not have a Plot window open, click the Plot icon located in the OFM Analysis toolbar. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
5. In the Graph section of the dialog, set the Number of Graphs to 1.
6. In the Y-Axis section of the dialog, set the Number of Axes to 2 and the Current Axis to Y-Axis 1.
7. In the X-Axis section of the dialog, set the X-Axis Variable to Date.
8. Click Add Curve. There should be two blank rows displayed in the Variables section of the dialog. Add the Monthlyprod.Oil and Monthlyprod.Gas variables.
9. Set the Current Axis to Y-Axis 2 and the Oil.WellCount variable.
10. Click OK. The Edit Plot dialog closes and the plot displays.
11. Select the Well Producing Oil (wells) BERRINGER curve.
12. From the Properties pane, change the following curve attributes:
Line Color – Dark Red
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Line Type – Bar Line Width – 1 Bar Width – 1
In this example, oil and gas monthly productions are plotted against the left axis and the number of active (producing) wells plotted against the right axis for the Berringer lease category.
Saving a Plot
OFM enables you to save your plot settings and reuse them on a different entity after it is loaded. To prevent overwriting the template in use, select File>Save As and the file is assigned the *.grf extension. All the variable setups and attributes of the plot are saved but not the data. The plot templates are saved to the workspace in the analysis pane.
The graphical representation can be saved as an image. OFM supports several image formats – Windows Bitmap Format (*.bmp), JPEG Interchange Format (*.jpg), Tag Image File Format (*.tiff), and Enhanced Metafile Format (*.emf). Users can also select Edit>Copy and then Paste the clipboard contents to another application.
Note: To open a saved OFM graph file, select File>Open from the plot window.
Using Plot Lock and Graph Blow Up Options
1. With the previous plot window open, select Analysis>Plot. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
2. Locate the Y-Axis section of the dialog and set the Number of Axes to 2. Set the Current Axis to Y-Axis 1.
3. In the X-Axis section of the dialog set the Variable to Oil.Cum. Select Water.Cut as the Y-Axis Variable.
4. In the Y-Axis section of the dialog set the Current Axis to Y-Axis 2. Select Monthlyprod.Water as the Y-Axis Variable.
5. Click OK. The Edit Plot dialog closes and the plot is displayed in a new window.
6. Assign the following attributes to the Water.Cut curve:
• Line Color – Blue
• Line Type – Solid
• Line Width – 3
7. Assign the following attributes to the Monthlyprod.Water curve:
• Line Color – Dark Blue
• Line Type – Dashed
• Line Width – 3
8. Locate the Scale section of the Properties pane. Change the Scale Type for all the axes to Linear.
9. From the Window menu command, verify that there are only three windows currently active (the basemap and two plot windows).
10. Select the basemap and minimize it. Then from the Window menu select Tile>Vertically. The two plots display as shown below.
11. Click the Next button located in the Step Toolbar. Notice both windows refresh displaying the information of the newly loaded entity.
12. Select Blue_5:Sc_0 from the list of wells. Select the Water Cut/Monthly Water Production vs. Oil Cum plot window, then select View>Lock.
The active plot window has the word “Locked” displayed in the title bar. Now traverse the wells and only one window will refresh. The lock tool can be used effectively for comparison purposes. Typically you would want to use the same plot settings to compare two or more wells.
Notes:
• Use multiple plot windows for multi-variable, if you prefer this method over the multi-graph window analyses.
• Use multiple plot windows with the Lock option for multi-entity analyses. You can lock a many windows/entities as you want.
However, it may be too hard to see on your screen.
If you have four or more graphs on the plot, they many not display information clearly. OFM provides the option to view individual graphs up-close. Select the graph you want to view, then select View>Blow Up. The selected graph displays in full scale. Select View>Blow Up again to uncheck the option, the plot returns to its original state.
Creating Stacked Plot Entities
1. Clear the filter. Click the Filter By Completion icon at the top of the Filter pane. The Filter By Completion dialog displays.
2. Select the following wells from the list of available wells:
• BLUE_5:Sc_0
• GREEN_4:Ad_3BU
• ORANGE_23:Li_1C
Note: Hold down the CTRL key to select multiple wells.
3. Click OK. The Filter By Completion dialog closes and the three selected wells are displayed on the basemap.
4. Click the Plot icon. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
5. Select Date as the X-Axis.
6. Click Add Multiple Curves. The Add Multiple Curves dialog displays.
7. Select Monthlyprod.Oil from the Variable list field.
8. Click OK. The Add Multiple Curves dialog closes and the selected variable and associated wells are displayed in the Edit Plot dialog.
9. Click OK. The Edit Plot dialog closes and the data is displayed in the plot window.
10. Click the , Stacked Plot icon.
11. Modify the Line Color properties for each curve by assigning the following:
• BLUE_5:Sc_0 – Green
• GREEN_4:Ad_3BU – Magenta
• ORANGE_23:Li_1C – Brown
12. Select the Y-Axis. Change the Scale Type property to Linear.
Creating Stacked Plot on Variables
One of the methods to compute/display the barrels of oil equivalent is to use the provided stacking method to plot oil production (rate) and gas/6 in thousand cubic feet.
1. First check the multiplier of your Monthlyprod.Gas variable. Select Database>Schema Tables. The Edit Schema Tables dialog displays.
2. Expand the MonthlyProd table and select Gas from the left pane.
3. Select the Math tab. Verify that the Multiplier Input and Output are set at M.
4. Close the Edit Schema Tables dialog. Select Database>Calculated Variables. The Edit Calculated Variables dialog displays.
5. Click New. The Edit Calculated Variable dialog displays.
6. Type Monthlyprod.Gas/6000. Click OK. The Edit Calculated Variable dialog closes and you are returned to the Edit dialog.
7. In the Name field type CV.Gas2OilEq. Leave the User and Class fields blank.
8. Select the Units tab and specify the unit of bbl ==>m3.
9. Click OK. The Edit dialog closes and you are returned to the Edit Calculated Variable dialog.
10. Click Close the Calculated Variables dialog closes.
11. Click the Plot icon at the top of the OFM main window. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
12. Click Add Curves. Two blank rows are displayed in the variables section of the dialog.
13. Enter the data below in the Edit Plot dialog:
• Number of Graphs – 1
• Number of Y-Axes – 1
• X-Axis – Date
• First Curve Variable – Monthlyprod.Oil
• Second Curve Variable – CV.Gas2OilEq
14. Modify the Line Color attributes for each curve. Select the
Monthlyprod.Oil curve and change the color to Green. Then select the CV.Gas2OilEq curve and change the color to Magenta.
15. Select the Y-Axis and change the Scale Type property to Linear.
16. Click the Stacked Plot icon located in the Plot toolbar. Select Orange_19:Ad_1A from the Step toolbar.
Using Sum/Average/% Contribution Types
It is possible to sum, average, and determine the percentage contribution of each curve in a group.
1. Load the Demo2005 project.
2. From the Filter pane click Filter By Completion. The Filter By Completion dialog displays.
3. Select the wells listed in the Name column of the table below.
Curve Variable Category Name
1 Monthlyprod.oil Current Orange_19:Ad_1A
2 Monthlyprod.oil UNIQUEID Blue_5:Sc_0
3 Monthlyprod.oil UNIQUEID Green_4:Ad_3BU
4 Monthlyprod.oil UNIQUEID Orange_23:Li_1C
5 Monthlyprod.oil UNIQUEID Orange_34:Li_1C
6 Monthlyprod.oil UNIQUEID Orange_36:Li_1C
4. Click OK. The wells are displayed on the basemap. Select well Orange_19:Ad_1A.
5. Click the Plot icon. The Edit Plot dialog displays.
6. Click Add Multiple Curves the Add Multiple Curves dialog displays.
7. Set the Category to UNIQUEID and the Variable to Monthlyprod.oil.
8. Click OK. The curves are listed in the Edit Plot window.
9. Make a single-graph, single-y-axis plot. Use Date as the horizontal variable.
10. Click the , Sum Plot icon. The sum plot is displayed.
11. Select the curve and change the properties to reflect the following:
• Color – Dark Green
• Line Type – Solid
• Line Width – 3
12. Select the Y-Axis. Change the Scale Type property to Linear.
13. Click the , Average icon to change the plot type.
14. Click the , Percent Plot icon to change the plot type.
15. Zoom in on the plot and move the legend to another location so it does not block your view.
16. Locate the Curves section of the properties pane and assign the following color attributes:
• Curve 1 – Green
• Curve 2 – Blue
• Curve 3 – Yellow
• Curve 4 – Red
• Curve 5 – Magenta
• Curve 6 – Cyan
Note: If you select the X or Y axis and then right-mouse click, the different plot options are displayed.
Other options available from the plot shortcut menu are described below.
• Default Scale – Automatic rescaling of the axes
• Move – Move axis parallel from its original default position
• Shift – Shifts the axis range
• Change Min Max – Fix a minimum and maximum by scrolling with the mouse
• Change nr. of cycles – Define the number of log cycles for the axis
Creating Plot Overlay
Even though comparing entities on the same graph (the way DataSafe worked in previous versions of OFM) can be done easily now, adding more than 10 curves (of the same variable and different entities) into the variable list may be really time consuming. OFM 2005 provides an option to speed up the procedure.
1. Clear any previously applied filter.
2. Select the Well List node in the Filter pane and right-click.
3. Select Open from the shortcut menu. The Well List dialog displays.
3. Select Open from the shortcut menu. The Well List dialog displays.