AUTHORING TOOLS
6. The Professional x64 Edition was designed for computers that use 64-bit processors
Features
1. Windows XP has many features that are popular with personal computer users.
2. Music and video can be played using Windows Media Player.
3. Videos and home movies can be edited and produced with Windows Movie Maker.
4. Windows XP also includes applications for use with digital photos.
Service Packs
1. A service pack is a major system update, providing the operating system with new features as well as fixing any bugs or glitches that have been discovered.
2. Presently there are three service packs for Windows XP, and no more are planned.
3. Microsoft has released three service packs for Windows XP that contain updates and additions to the operating system.
4. Service Pack 1 was released in 2002. It contained security fixes and updates.
5. Service Pack 1 enabled support for USB 2.0 devices and support for an expanded array of hard drives.
6. Service Pack 2 was released in 2004. Service Pack 2 provided expanded wireless network support and many security updates.
7. Microsoft released updated versions of Service Pack 2 in 2006 and 2007.
8. Service Pack 3 was released in 2008. It contained many new security features and updates.
Interface
1. Like previous versions of Windows, Windows XP uses a graphical user interface, or GUI. The interface for Windows XP was enhanced from previous versions of the Windows operating system.
2. Windows XP allows users to choose between various themes that change the style and color of the interface.
3. Taskbar buttons can be grouped together for multiple instances of the same application.
4. Windows XP displays shadows under menus to create a 3-D effect.
System Requirements
1. In order for a computer to be able to run the Windows XP operating system, the minimum processor speed is 233 Megahertz (MHz).
2. Microsoft recommends a processor speed of at least 300 Megahertz for optimal performance.
3. 64 Megabytes (MB) of RAM are required.
4. Microsoft recommends 128 MB of RAM.
5. The minimum screen resolution supported is 800 x 600 pixels, also known as Super VGA.
6. The hard disk must have at least 1.5 Gigabytes (GB) of free space.
7. A CD-ROM or DVD drive is required to install Windows XP.
Support
1. As Windows XP is no longer Microsoft's most current operating system, it is only provided with limited support from Microsoft.
2. Microsoft no longer supports Windows XP with no service packs installed
3. As of April 2014, Microsoft will no longer update any version of Windows XP or provide any security patches or fixes.
Criticisms
1. A major criticism of Windows XP comes when dealing with security.
2. Windows XP is vulnerable to viruses, spyware, malware and other kinds of malicious software.
3. Periodically Microsoft will update XP to fix any security vulnerabilities, but more viruses are written for Windows operating systems every day.
4. This is why it is so important to have anti-virus software installed on your computer if you plan on accessing the Internet.
7.A i. What is the use of video?
ii. Explain digital video with digital architecture.
7.A i. What is the use of video?
The term video ("video" meaning "I see", from the Latin verb "videre") commonly refers to several storage formats for moving pictures: digital video formats, including Blu-ray Disc, DVD, QuickTime (QT), and MPEG-4; and analog videotapes, including VHS and Betamax.
2. Video can be recorded and transmitted in various physical media: in magnetic tape when recorded as PAL or NTSC electric signals by video cameras, or in MPEG-4 or DV digital media when recorded by digital cameras.
3. Quality of video essentially depends on the capturing method and storage used.
Digital television (DTV) is a relatively recent format with higher quality than earlier television formats and has become a standard for television video.
The Top Ten Countdown
The Top Ten covers what we believe are particularly innovative applications of digital video in terms of increasing levels of student participation and (inter)activity. It will be clear there is considerable technical overlap between the various categories, and the distinction is based on pedagogical aim
10 – online video lectures and tutorials
9 - experts video presentation on particular topics
8 - Animated videos helps a lot for better understanding 7 - Instructional 'how to videos' of a practical activity 6 – videos Interviewing an expert
5 - Video blogs
4 - Video case studies/simulations/role plays 3 - Videoing real events
2 - video Presentation/performance skills and feedback
1 – Brilliant students create their own videos, if they have any special talent.
Ex: better example is myself, I have a talent of singing and I have already created 39 videos sung by me and uploaded to youtube, if you wish you can check them on http://www.youtube.com/user/sureshsalgundi
7.A ii. Explain digital video with digital architecture.
digital video with digital architecture.
1. Digitized video is one of the many technologies used in the development of interactive multimedia.
2. It is one of the ways to play back and record video in multimedia program.
3. It offers a wide range of flexibility as compared to standard video signal.
4. Unlike regular video, quality of image would not degrade from copy to copy as digital video is made up of a digital code and not an electrical analog signal.
5. However, the final output depends on how the video images are converted to digital form during the development phase.
6. Video signal comes from an external source such as TV or VCR or camera to the video-digitiser-card inside the system.
7. Some systems use a digitizer card, which has dual function for both audio and video conversion. The process of Converting analog video signal to digital format is called 'sampling'.
8. Using this Process, the converter card in the system converts the analog video signals into digital data streams so that these signals can be stored in the binary
9. data structure format of 1s and 0s. The digital data file is then compressed to a considerable amount using some compression program.
10. During this process the digitiser fuses the digital video into a digital movie format and saves all the sections of the compressed movie in the hard disk.
11. Once the conversion and compression process is complete, the file can be played back on the computer screen.
12. These digitised files can also be edited according to requirement using various video editing software.
13. However, you may find that the video if used as full screen video may be jerky in certain machines.
14. The main reason for this is that to present a moving picture, we have to store and process enormous amount of data, as we need to show 30 frames of continuous pictures per second considering one frame itself requires lot of data a moving picture requires 30 times of it per second.
15. However, standards such as Moving Pictures Expert Group (MPEG) have specified compression standards, which have enabled a full screen video.
16. MPEG compression only records the key frames and tries to predict the remaining frames from this key frame by comparing the changes of missing frames from key frames.
17. Another technology, which is using this kind of compression, is video conferencing.
18. ".AVI" files in windows basically contains interleaved data for audio/video. This compressed data can be decompressed and passed through a digital to analog converter to produce the video.
19. These components of a multimedia system are integrated after they have been stored digitally by using Authoring software, which provide the necessary interactivity in the overall mix of information.
Conclusion
A digital video architecture is made up of an algorithm for compressing and encoding video and audio, a container in which to put the compressed data, and a player that can
recognize and play back those files.
Common containers for video are Ogg (.ogg, Theora for video, Vorbis for audio), Flash Video (.flv), MPEG (.mp4), QuickTime (.mov), Windows Media Format (.wmv), WebM (.webm), and RealMedia (.rm).
Containers may include data compressed by a choice of codecs, and media players may recognize and play back more than one video file container format.
7.B briefly explain the process involved in multimedia project planning and costing
Planning and Costing : This stage of multimedia application is the first stage which begins with an idea or need. This idea can be further refined by outlining its messages and objectives. Before starting to develop the multimedia project, it is necessary to plan what writing skills, graphic art, music, video and other
multimedia expertise will be required. It is also necessary to estimate the time needed to prepare all elements of multimedia and prepare a budget accordingly. After preparing a budget, a Prototype(sample) or proof of concept can be developed.
1. planning Group Members Seo Chai Yong Lee Siew Ling Ji Tian Hui 2. Planning
o Planning and costing is one stage of a multimedia project
o Proper project planning is a important as planning the layout and content.
o Before start to render graphics, sounds, and other components, the plans should be in place which to ensure that the necessary skills and resources are available
3. Process Of Making Multimedia
o Idea analysis
o Pre-testing
o Task planning
o Development
o Delivery
4. Planning & Costing Program Goals Outline Logic Flow Chart Storyboard
5. Making Multimedia
o There have four development phases of making multimedia which are:
§ Discovery Phase
§ Design Phase
§ Prototype Phase
§ Production Phase 6. Importance of Planning
o To avoid misinterpretation in development multimedia project because
o Provide guidance for bug fixes and update 7. Essentials of Good Planning
o Personnel
§ Multimedia Team
o Process management
§ System Development Lifecycle
o Documentation
o Product evaluation
8. Program Goals into Storyboard Program Goals Outline Logic Flow Chart Storyboard Program script or concept Plan User interface Prepare Scripts for narrations, text, video Consider Copyrights Music, audio, video production planning Prepare project time lines and budget
9. Process Management
o Use the System Development Lifecycle
o There have many type of System Development life cycle which are waterfall, prototyping, spiral, linear and incremental
10. Waterfall Development Method 11. Documentation
o There have four parts of the documentation for the multimedia project which are
o a) Requirement document
o Overall product blueprint
o State that what is to be done and not how the project has been done
o b) Flow charts
o Logical progression through the product
o Navigation 12.
o c) Storyboard
o Tasks, objects, events and contents of the product
o Scene-by-scene
o d) Test documentation
o How, what and who to test the documentation 13. Flowchart
o A graphical ‘sketch’ of
o the presentation and
o the possible paths the user can take Menu Topic 1 Topic 2 Topic 3 Exit
14. Logic Flow Opening Animation & Audio Main Menu View Bio Albums Play Video Website &
FAQ Biography Discography Video Resources Exit Info & Audio Credits End 15. Storyboard A graphical representation Of the user screen layout
16. Storyboard Main Menu Menu Items Picture Albums Menu Menu Items (Pictures) Album Info Text Picture Biography Text Pictures Video Video Website & FAQ Text Credits Text
You can further furnish this answer by reading 9th chapter’s summary of tay vaughan’s 8th edition text book. Below is the exact page which you are supposed to read, if you wanna have complete book you can get in on my blog: www.sureshskoppal.blogspot.com