This study appears to encompass the first attempt in literature to integrate asbestos in a 4D modeling method. As asbestos will continue to pose threats on construction projects in existing buildings research on this topic is relevant. In addition to this study further research in 3D and 4D modeling would be required to generate a larger body of empirical evidence on this subject.
Construction projects in existing buildings such as shopping malls or hospitals are often executed in an operational environment. During such projects continuation of operations, commercial processes and people flows are often critical issues. Especially in these environments exposure to asbestos would be extremely undesirable. This study can be a stepping-stone for future researchers that aim to improve asbestos risk management in operational contexts.
In general 3D and 4D literature primarily focusses on projects that involve the construction of a whole new building. However in redevelopment projects, existing structures impose significant constraints on design and execution. Especially in the current construction industry, where buildings are increasingly redeveloped instead of demolished, research in 3D and 4D modeling in this contexts would be of significant added value.
9
Conclusion
To effectively manage asbestos risk in construction projects practitioners need to know how asbestos affects their designs and planned construction activities. This requires understanding of the exact locations and detailed asbestos characteristics which is often captured in documents and schematic drawings. These data however do not provide practitioners with sufficient insight in how asbestos affects the construction projects. 4D models integrate design and construction schedule and allow to visualize risk information in a three-dimensional environment. 4D CAD would therefore potentially support practitioners in managing asbestos risk in construction projects. However, in literature no studies exist that propose a method to integrate asbestos information in 4D models. This research addressed that shortcoming in literature by developing a method to integrate asbestos information into a 4D model.
The method proposed integrates design, schedule and asbestos data and so provides practitioners with a tool to identify the potential for disturbing asbestos within the construction project’s design and schedule. Through ethnographic action research a 3D system was developed according to the proposed method and implemented in a real airport construction project. The findings indicate that the system is able to support practitioners with risk management decision-making tasks in all phases of the risk management process. The system was expected to allow for identification of asbestos risks and support practitioners in assessing asbestos risks more accurately and devising more appropriate control measures to these risks.
Concluding this thesis, the method provides a stepping-stone for future research to further explore the possibilities to support asbestos risk management with 4D models. Asbestos will continue to complicate construction projects while the examples of successful application of 4D CAD technology is ever increasing in theory and practice.
List of Figures
Figure 1: Creating a 4D CAD model. ... 9
Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the 4D modeling method ... 13
Figure 4: Snap-shot of the building information model of the existing situation of the F-Pier ... 14
Figure 3: Schematic Model of the Research Method ... 15
Figure 5: The followed Risk Management process in projects ... 17
Figure 6: The integral overview of the project ... 20
Figure 7: Highlighting all Demolished Objects ... 20
Figure 8: Example of an asbestos-related conflict. ... 21
Figure 9: Risk item created for the identified conflict ... 22
Figure 10: Ruleset for detecting asbestos conflicts... 26
Figure 11: Adding a severity parameter ... 26
Figure 12: The list of automatically identified conflicts with asbestos ... 26
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