Streaming Support

Dr. Samuel Onyinyechi Nneji, Dr. Sunday Ogbu & Akudo Treasure Nneji Vol. 1, pp. 184-193 (web-site) http://jrsve.gouni.edu.ng

MATHEMATICAL ANALYSES OF DIFFERNTIAL EFFECTS OF

Dr. Samuel Onyinyechi Nneji, Dr. Sunday Ogbu & Akudo Treasure Nneji Vol. 1, pp. 184-193

Introduction

(web-site) http://jrsve.gouni.edu.ng

(buttons) typically have characters engraved or The importance of computer in present

day education cannot be over emphasized. John (2017) averred that computer might be brought into play to handle the incredibly complex ventures that are keys for more individualized learning. The computer can present definite test, give extended programs to suit solitary needs, and outfit prescriptive assignments that may suggest the understudy/student to a course book, an examination of laboratory or an advice with the teacher. John added that the computer is determined and consistent in its strategy for operation, as it doesn't encounter the evil impacts of tiredness or nonappearance of attentiveness like people. Computer carries out multi-valuable parts in teaching and learning strategies at all levels. At the vital and higher levels of education, students can research and make learning through computer program. In schools, computer can be brought into play to store the step by step or week by week impression of examinations. It can be exercised to mix and separate shading or colors, scan, draw, layout diverse things and make graphs and outlines for instructional purposes. Information can be secured in manual records in the computer magnetic disks and recouped when required, (John, 2017).

Undoubtedly, secondary school students cannot harvest these benefits of computer except they master the computer keyboard operations. This is because the keyboard is the primary or most commonly available computer input device. A computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. Neso (2015) narrated that following the decline of punch cards and paper tape, interaction via teleprinter-style keyboards became the main input method for computers. Keyboard keys

printed on them, and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol. However, producing some symbols may require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence. While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous key presses can produce actions or execute computer commands.

Gbemisola (2016) stated that in normal usage, the keyboard is used as a text entry interface for typing text and numbers into a word processor, text editor or any other program. In a modern computer, the interpretation of key presses is generally left to the software. A computer keyboard distinguishes each physical key from every other key and reports all key presses to the controlling software. Keyboards are also used for computer gaming either regular keyboards or keyboards with special gaming features, which can expedite frequently used keystroke combinations. A keyboard is also used to give commands to the operating system of a computer, such as Windows' Control-Alt- Delete combination.

Mast ery of co mput er keyboard operations according to Nuhu (2016) can be seen in a student's speed and accuracy in handling the keyboard. This mastery, Nuhu argued is a predictor of students' speed and accuracy in computer studies. Nuhu therefore alleged that students perform poorly in computer studies mainly because they lack adequate keyboard operational skills. Ilyasu (2016) further collaborated Nuhu's view and further blamed the problem of students' computer keyboard operations inefficiency to inadequate teaching strategies adopted by secondary school teachers. According to Ilyasu, most secondary school computer teachers adopt lecture method for teaching computer studies.

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION (JRSVE)

Dr. Samuel Onyinyechi Nneji, Dr. Sunday Ogbu & Akudo Treasure Nneji Vol. 1, pp. 184-193 (web-site) http://jrsve.gouni.edu.ng

Lecture method of teaching refers to that teaching method in which the teacher gives a comprehensive description or explanation of an idea or a topic to a listening audience (class).

As a remedy to problems of use of lecture teaching methods in secondary schools, Nneji (2011) recommended the use of effective teaching method which is in tune with the mo dern s c ie nt ific and t ec hno lo g ic a l dispensation. Nneji specifically recommended the use of any computer aided instruction.

Evidently, the typing tutor software is one of the innovations that is in tune with the most recent technologies. Similarly, Byke (2017) described typing tutor software as social situations where- in the teacher and/or the pupils perform moves, counter moves and other maneuvers which are by certain rules prescribed as agreed upon.

Typing tutor software combine amusement and pleasure with instruction in order to make the subject more interesting. However, as interesting as typing tutor software may sound in teaching computer studies, researchers still vary in their opinions as regards its effects on secondary school students' interest, speed and accuracy in computer keyboard operations.

The typing tutor software is a combination of self-based instructor and again. Typing tutor software has an activity or a sport with rules in which people or teams compete against each other or a social activity with a set of rules in which the hallmark is to win. Typing tutor software are, thus, recreational activities which teach students how to utilize their leisure time in constructive manner, (Hanks, 2017). Audu (2015) and Hanks (2017) found it to be very useful in promoting secondary school students interest, speed and accuracy in computer keyboard operations. Contrarily, Nuhu (2016) and Byke (2017) reported that typing tutor software distracted the students hence, inhibiting the students' interest, speed and

accuracy in computer keyboard operations.

More so, Gbemisola (2016) and Rabbat (2017) found no significant difference between the computer keyboard operations speed and accuracy of students taught with typing tutor software and their counterparts taught without it. These conflicting findings justify the need for another study such as this present one to determine the actual effect of typing tutor software on secondary school students' speed and accuracy in computer keyboard operations.

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study was to mathematically determine the Effects of Typing Tutor Software on Secondary School Students' Speed and Accuracy in computer keyboard operations in Ebonyi State. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the effects of Typing Tutor software on Senior Secondary School Two (SS2) Students';

1. Speed in computer keyboard operations 2. Accuracy in computer keyboard

operations

3. Speed in computer keyboard operations with regard to their school ownership (public/private) and

4. Accuracy in computer keyboard operations with regard to their school ownership (public/private)

Research Questions

The following research questions guided the study

1. What are the mean computer keyboard operations speed score of the students in both treatment and control groups in pretest and posttest?

2. What are the mean computer keyboard operations accuracy scores of the students in both treatment and control groups in pretest and posttest?

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION (JRSVE)

Dr. Samuel Onyinyechi Nneji, Dr. Sunday Ogbu & Akudo Treasure Nneji Vol. 1, pp. 184-193 (web-site) http://jrsve.gouni.edu.ng

3. What are the mean computer keyboard operations speed scores of the students in public and private secondary schools in both treatment and control groups in pretest and posttest?

4. What are the mean computer keyboard operations accuracy scores of the students in public and private secondary schools in both treatment and control groups in pretest and posttest?

Hypotheses

The following research hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance

1. There is no significant difference between the mean computer keyboard operations speed scores of students in the treatment and control groups.

2. There is no significant difference between the mean computer keyboard operations accuracy scores of students in the treatment and control groups.

3. There is no significant difference between the mean computer keyboard operations speed scores of students in public and private secondary school in treatment and control groups.

4. There is no significant difference between the mean computer keyboard operations accuracy scores of students in public and private secondary school in treatment and control groups.

5. There is no significant interaction between teaching strategy and school ownership on students' mean speed scores in computer keyboard operations.

6. There is no significant interaction between teaching strategy and school ownership on students' mean accuracy scores in computer keyboard operations.

Methodology

Quasi experimental research design was adopted for the study. Purposive stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to draw 287 (SS2) students from eight intact classes in four secondary schools from the area of study. instrument used for data collection was Computer Keyboard Operations Speed and Accuracy Test (COKOSAT) constructed by the researchers and validated by three research experts. The instrument yielded a reliability coefficient of .71. The researchers trained four regular computer teachers in the four secondary schools that was used in the study for a period of two weeks on the use of typing tutor software.

Foremost, COKOSAT was administered to all the subjects of the study as pretest. Thereafter, the treatment was administered for a period of six weeks. Treatment group in each school was taught with typing tutor software, while the control group was taught with lecture method.

At the expiration of the treatment period, the COKOSAT was re-administered to all the students as posttest. All the tests administered were scored by the researchers using already made marking scheme. Research questions were answered using mean with standard deviation while the hypotheses were answered using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

Results

Research Question 1

What are the mean computer keyboard operations speed score of the students in both treatment and control groups in pretest and posttest?

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