ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF OPERATIONS MANUAL
0.4 Terms & Definitions
0.4.1 Abbreviation
AAF Alternative Airport Familiarization AAPA Association of Asia Pacific Airlines
AB Aerodrome Briefing
ACARS Aircraft Communications Addressing & Reporting System ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System
ACFT, A/C Aircraft
AD Aerodrome
ADF Automatic Directional Finder
ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance
AFIS Aerodrome Flight Information Service
AFS Automatic Flight System
AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network
AGL Above Ground Level
AH Alert Height
AHC Airport Handling Committee—IATA
AIB Accident Investigation Board
AIDS Aircraft Information Data System AIP Aeronautical Information Publication AIREP Air Report
ALTN Alternate
AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual
ANT Antenna
AOC Air Operator Certificate
AOG Aircraft On Ground
AOM Aircraft Operations Manual
AP Autopilot, Air Purser
APAPI Abbreviated Precision Approach Path Indicator
APCH Approach
APP Approach Control
APU Auxiliary Power Unit
ARINC Aeronautical Radio Incorporated
ARR Arrival
ASD Accelerate—Stop Distance
ASDA Accelerate—Stop Distance Available ASHTAM Volcanic Ash information to Airmen
ASM Ad hoc Schedule Message
ASR Air Safety Report
ASRTEX Air Safety Report, sent by Telex
ATC Air Traffic Control
ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service ATPL Airline Transport Pilot License
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Operations Manual Part A
ATS Air Traffic Service
ATT Airline Transition Training
AVASIS Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator System
BA Braking Action
B-RNAV Basic Area Navigation
BASI Bureau of Air Safety Investigation ( Australia )
C Celsius
CA Cabin crew
CA-1 Senior cabin crew
CAA Representative from DCA
CALL Computer Assisted Language Learning
CANPA Constant Angle Non-Precision Approach
CAP Cabin Attendant Emergency Procedures
CAPT Captain
CAS Calibrated Airspeed
CAT Category
CAT I (II or III) Precision instrument approach and landing Category I (II or III)
CB Cumulonimbus cloud
CBT Computer Based Training
CCQ Cross Crew Qualification
CDL Configuration Deviation List
CEET Cabin Emergency Evacuation Trainer
CF Contingency Fuel
CFIT Controlled Flight Into Terrain
CFMU Central Flow Management Unit
CG Center of Gravity
CLP Climb-out Procedure
cm Centimeter
COM Communication
COMIS Crew Online Management Information System
CP Co-pilot
CPDLC Controller-Pilot Data Link Communication
CPL Commercial Pilot License
CPT Cockpit Procedure Training
CRF Captain Report Folder
CRM Crew Resource Management
CRP Cruise Relief Pilot
CSM Cabin Service Mock-up
CSOM Cabin System Operating Manual
CSV Cabin Supervisor
CUT Company Utility Transmission
CWY Clearway
DA/H Decision Altitude/Height
DCA Department of Civil Aviation
ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF
EAP Emergency & Accident Procedures Manual for Corporate Response
EDP Electronic Data Processing
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Operations Manual Part A
FOD Foreign Object Damage
FOO Flight Operation Officer (Dispatcher)
FORA Flights with Operation under Risk Assessment FOTA Flight Operational Trend Analysis
FP Co-pilot
FPL ATS Flight Plan
fpm feet per minute
FPR Flight Plan Routing
FREQ Frequency
FS Cruise relief pilot
FSG Flight Safety Goal
FSI Flight Safety Index
ft feet
FTD Flight Training Device
FTM Flight Training Manual
GCA Ground Control Approach
GES Ground Earth Station
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS Global Positioning System
GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System
GS Ground Speed
G/S Glide Slope
GW Gross Weight
GWC Gross Weight Chart
h hour
HF High Frequency
HIALS High Intensity Approach Light System HIRL High Intensity Runway edge Lights
HOT Hold-Over Time
hPa Hecto Pascals
Hz Hertz (Cycles per second)
IAA Initial Approach Altitude
IAS Indicated Air Speed
IATA International Air Transport Association ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
IFR Instrument Flight Rules
ILS Instrument Landing System
IM Inflight Manager
IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions INMARSAT International Maritime Satellite Organization
INOP Inoperative
INS Inertial Navigation System
INTER Intermittent
IPC Illustrated Part Catalog
ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF
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Operations Manual Part A Min, min Minute
MLS Microwave Landing System
MMEL Master Minimum Equipment List
MMO Maximum Operating Mach
MNM Minimum
MOCA Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude
MSA Minimum Safe (Sector) Altitude
MSL Mean Sea Level
MTCA Minimum Terrain clearance Altitude
MTOW Maximum Takeoff Weight
MVT Movement
N North
NAV Navigation
NAVAIDS Navigation Aids
NDB Non-Directional Beacon
NM, Nm Nautical Mile(s)
NMLL Networked Multi-media Language Laboratory NOTAM Notice To Airmen
NOTOC Notification To Captain
O Observer
OAT Outside Air Temperature
OCA/H Obstacle Clearance Altitude/Height
OCL Obstacle Clearance Limit
OM Outer Marker
ONC Operational Navigation Chart
OPC Operator Proficiency Check
OPR Operator
OPS Operations, Operational
OPT Operational Procedure Training
OSQM Operations Safety and Quality Manual
OTP On-Time Performance
OVHD Overhead
PA Passenger Address
PANS Procedures for Air Navigation Services PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator
PAR Precision Approach Radar
PAX Passenger
PCN Pavement Classification Number
PDP Pre-Determine Point
PDT Periodic Dispatch Training
PED Portable Electronic Devices
PER THAI Personnel Manual, ACFT Performance (FPL)
PF Pilot Flying
PPC Pilot Proficiency Checks (PPC)
ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF
QFE Altimeter setting, to indicate “ height “ above the reference datum QNH Altimeter setting, to indicate “ altitude “ measured from MSL
QRH Quick Reference Handbook
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Operations Manual Part A
SAR Search and Rescue
SAT Static Air Temperature
SATCOM Satellite Communication SATVOICE Satellite Voice
SE Station Engineer
SEC Secondary
sec second
SEFP Special Engine Failure Procedure
SELCAL Selective Calling
SFE Synthetic Flight Examiner
SFT SAAB Friction Tester
SHB Ships Handbook
SID Standard Instrument Departure
SIGMET Significant weather report
SIR Standard Investigation Report
SITA Societe International de Telecommunication Aeronautique
SN Supernumerary
SO System Operator
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
SQMR Safety and Quality Management Representative
SRA Surveillance Radar Approach
SRE Surveillance Radar Element of precision approach radar
SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar
STA Schedule Time of Arrival
STAR Standard Terminal Arrival Route
STD Schedule Time of Departure
STS Status
SV Supervisory
SWY Stopway
t ton
TA Transition Altitude, Traffic Advisory TACAN Tactical Air Navigation
TAF Terminal Aerodrome Forecast
TAS True Airspeed
TAT Total Air Temperature
TBN To Be Notified
TCAS Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System
TCH Threshold Crossing Height
TEMP Temperature
TEMPO Temporary
TERPS Terminal Instrument Procedure Standard TIPS Traffic Information and Planning System
TKOF Takeoff
TMA Terminal Control Area
ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF
Vclean Minimum Climb speed with the ACFT in clean configuration
VEF Engine Failure speed
VFI Minimum Speed for selecting Flaps
VL/D MAX The speed at which the relationship between lift and drag has its maximum
VMC Minimum control speed
VOLMET Routine aerodrome weather broadcast for aircraft in flight
VOR VHF Omni-Directional Range
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Operations Manual Part A
Aerodrome A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft.
Aerodrome elevation The elevation of the highest point of the landing area.
Aerodrome Operating Minima
(AOM) The limits of usability of an aerodrome for:
• Takeoff, expressed in terms of runway visual range and/
or visibility and, if necessary, cloud conditions;
• Landing in precision approach and landing operations, expressed in terms of visibility and/or runway visual range and decision altitude/height (DA/H) as appropriate to the category of the operation; and
• Landing in non-precision approach and landing operations, expressed in terms of visibility and/or runway visual range, minimum descent altitude/height (MDA/H) and, if necessary, cloud conditions.
Aerodrome traffic All traffic on the maneuvering area of an aerodrome and all aircraft flying in the vicinity of an aerodrome.
Aeronautical Information
Publication (AIP) A publication issued by or with the authority of a State and containing aeronautical information of a lasting character essential to air navigation.
Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS)/Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
An aircraft system based on secondary surveillance radar (SSR) transponder signals which operates independently of ground – based equipment to provide advice to the pilot on potential conflicting aircraft that are equipped with SSR transponders.
Airborne time The time from and including the application of takeoff power before takeoff on the runway to the moment when the landing roll after landing is completed.
Aircraft approach category—
ICAO See RM/Rules and Regulations (RAR).
Aircraft avionics A term designating any electronic device, including its electrical part, for use in an aircraft, including radio, automatic flight control and instrument systems.
Aircraft Operations Manual
(AOM) A manual associated with the certificate of airworthiness, containing limitations within which the aircraft is to be considered airworthy, and instructions and information necessary to the flight crew members for the safe operation of the aircraft. (AOM is issued for A300-600 aircraft.) Aircraft proximity A situation in which, in the opinion of a pilot or air traffic
services personnel, the distance between aircraft as well as their relative positions and speed have been such that the safety of the aircraft involved may have been compromised.
An aircraft proximity is classified as follows:
ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF
Risk of collision The risk classification of an aircraft proximity in which serious risk of collision has existed;
Safety not
assured The risk classification of an aircraft proximity in which the safety of the aircraft may have been compromised;
No risk of
collision The risk classification of an aircraft proximity in which no risk of collision has existed;
Risk not
determined The risk classification of an aircraft proximity in which insufficient
Air–ground communication Two-way communication between aircraft and stations or locations on the surface of the earth.
Air Operator Certificate (AOC) A certificate authorizing an operator to carry out specified commercial air transport operations.
Air traffic control clearance See RM/Rules and Regulations (RAR).
Air Traffic Services (ATS) A generic term meaning variously, flight information service, alerting service, air traffic advisory service, air traffic control service (area control service, approach control service or aerodrome control service).
Air traffic services airspaces Airspaces of defined dimensions, alphabetically designated, within which specific types of flights may operate and for which air traffic services and rules of operation are specified.
Air traffic services reporting
office A unit established for the purpose of receiving reports concerning air traffic services and flight plans submitted before departure.
Airway See RM/Rules and Regulations (RAR), Navigation (NAV).
Altitude The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point, measured from mean sea level (MSL).
Apron A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance.
Area Control Center (ACC) A unit established to provide air traffic control service to controlled flights in control areas under its jurisdiction.
Area navigation (RNAV) A method of navigation which permits aircraft operation on any desired flight path within the coverage of station-referenced navigation aids or within the limits of the capability of selfcontained aids, or a combination of these.
Area navigation route An ATS route established for the use of aircraft capable of employing area navigation.
Automatic Dependent
Surveillance (ADS) A surveillance technique in which aircraft automatically provide, via a data link, data derived from on-board navigation and position-fixing systems, including aircraft identification, fourdimensional position and additional data as appropriate.
Automatic Terminal
Information Service (ATIS) The provision of current, routine information to arriving and departing aircraft by means of continuous and repetitive broadcasts throughout the day or a specified portion of the day.
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Base aircraft An aircraft or group of aircraft, designated by the applicant, used as a reference to compare differences with another aircraft.
Blind transmission A transmission from one station to another station in circumstances where two-way communication cannot be established but where it is believed that the called station is able to receive the transmission.
Cabin crew A crew member who performs, in the interest of safety of passengers, duties assigned by the operator or the pilot- in-command of the aircraft, but who shall not act as a flight crew member.
Captain candidate A pre-captain candidate who has successfully passed the pre-captain candidate evaluation process and undergoing the training and checking process.
Ceiling The height above the ground or water of the base of the lowest layer of cloud below 20,000 ft covering more than half the sky.
Change-over point The point at which an aircraft navigating on an ATS route segment defined by reference to very high frequency omnidirectional radio ranges is expected to transfer its primary navigational reference from the facility behind the aircraft to the next facility ahead of the aircraft.
Circling approach An extension of an instrument approach procedure which provides for visual circling of the aerodrome prior to landing.
Clearance limit The point to which an aircraft is granted an air traffic control clearance.
Clearway (CWY) A defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of appropriate authority, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aircraft may make its initial climb to a specified height.
Commercial air transport
operation An aircraft operation involving the transport of passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire.
Controlled airspace See RM/Rules and Regulations (RAR).
Controller-Pilot Data Link
Communication (CPDLC) A means of communication between controller and pilot, using data link for ATC communications.
Control zone See RM/Rules and Regulations (RAR).
Copilot A licensed pilot serving in any piloting capacity other than as Pilot-in-Command but excluding a pilot who is on board the aircraft for the sole purpose of receiving flight instruction.
Credit The acceptance of training, checking or recent experience on one type or variant as being valid for another type or variant because of sufficient similarities between the two types or variants.
Cross Crew Qualification
(CCQ) The Airbus reduced type rating transition course between Airbus fly-by-wire types, the technical similarities and common operational and handling procedures.
Current flight plan The flight plan, including changes, if any, brought about by subsequent clearances.
Danger area An airspace of defined dimensions within which activities dangerous to the flight of aircraft may exist at specified times.
Dangerous goods Articles or substances which are capable of posing significant risk to health, safety or property when transported by air.
ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF documents as a crew member but taking part in the flight only for transportation purpose.
Decision Altitude/Height (DA/H) See RM/Abbreviations (ABB).
Dependent parallel approaches Simultaneous approaches to parallel or near-parallel instrument runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway center lines are prescribed.
Different types Different type is formally assigned to two or more aircraft that have different type ratings for which simulator training is mandatory, e.g. A330/A340.
Ditching The forced landing of an aircraft on water.
Elevation The vertical distance of a point or a level, on or affixed to the surface of the earth, measured from mean sea level.
Emergency aerodrome (USA
and Canada) An aerodrome to be used by aircraft which, for some reasons, cannot reach its regular destination or alternate.
Estimated Elapsed Time (EET) The estimated time required to proceed from one significant point to another.
Estimated off block time The estimated time at which the aircraft will commence movement associated with departure.
Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) The time at which it is estimated that the aircraft will arrive over that designated point, defined by reference to navigation aids, from which it is intended that an instrument approach procedure will be commenced, or, if no navigation aid is associated with the aerodrome, the time at which the aircraft will arrive over the aerodrome.
Expected Approach Time (EAT) The time at which ATC expects that an arriving aircraft, following a delay, will leave the holding point to complete its approach for a landing.
Fail-operational automatic
landing system An automatic landing system is fail-operational if, in the event of a failure, the approach, flare and landing can be completed by the remaining part of the automatic system.
Fail-passive automatic landing
system An automatic landing system is fail-passive if, in the event of a failure, there is no significant deviation of aircraft trim, flight path or attitude but the landing will not be completed automatically.
Filed flight plan The flight plan as filed with an ATS unit by the pilot or a designated representative, without any subsequent changes.
Flight crew A licensed crew member charged with duties essential to the operation of an aircraft during flight time.
Flight duty period The total time from the moment a flight crew member commences his duty, immediately subsequent to a rest period and prior to making a flight or a series of flights, to the moment he is relieved of all duties after having completed such flight or series of flights.
Flight Information Region (FIR) See RM/Rules and Regulations (RAR).
Flight level A surface of constant atmospheric pressure which is related to a specific pressure datum, 1013.2 hPa, and is separated from other such surfaces by specific pressure intervals.
Flight Officer (F/O) Flight officer, is a common designation used for all pilots other than captain. For more details, see Pilot nomenclature.
Flight plan Specified information provided to air traffic services units, relative to an intended flight or portion of a flight of an aircraft
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Flight recorder Any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of complementing accident/incident investigation.
Flight time The total time from the moment an aircraft first moves under its own power for the purpose of taking off until the moment it comes to rest at the end of the flight.
Note: Flight time defined here, is synonymous with the term “block-to-block” time, or “chock-tochock” time in general usage, which is measured from the time the aircraft moves from the loading point until it stops at the unloading point.
Flight visibility The visibility forward from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight.
Forecast A statement of expected meteorological conditions for a specified time or period, and for a specified area or portion of airspace.
Glide Path (GP) A descent profile determined for vertical guidance during a final approach.
Ground visibility The visibility at an aerodrome, as reported by an accredited observer.
Heading The direction in which the longitudinal axis of an aircraft is pointed, usually expressed in degrees from North (true, magnetic, compass or grid).
Height The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point, measured from a specified datum.
Holding point A specified location, identified by visual or other means, in the vicinity of which the position of an aircraft in flight is maintained in accordance with air traffic control clearances.
Holding procedure A predetermined maneuver which keeps an aircraft within a specified airspace whilst awaiting further clearance.
Independent parallel
approaches Simultaneous approaches to parallel or near – parallel instrument runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway center lines are not prescribed.
Independent parallel departure Simultaneous departures from parallel or near – parallel instrument runways.
IFR flight A flight conducted in accordance with the instrument flight
IFR flight A flight conducted in accordance with the instrument flight