UNIT‐7 Paragraph Development
Q‐(1) what is a paragraph? Show the various components of paragraph. Explain it in brief.
Ans: A group of sentences is called paragraph.
Characteristics on components of effective paragraph.
1) Cohesion 2) Coherence 3) A topic sentence
4) Adequate development.
(1)Cohesion:‐
The sentences are referring to the main idea or a thesis of the paper is known as unity in the paragraph.
The use of different reference words gives cohesion to the paragraph.
It relates one sentence with another.
Cohesion helps you to avoid monotony and makes your paragraph compact.
For e.g.:‐This is an apple. The apple is sweet. The apple is fresh. The apple is imported from simla. The apple is exported to many Asian countries.
The above paragraph has no grammatical mistakes but it has monotony and unnecessarily, Lengthens the Paragraph. The same paragraph can be redrafted in the following way.
“This is an apple which is sweet, fresh and red in colour.It is imported from simla and exported to many Asian countries.”
(2) Coherence:‐
The sentence should be organize in a logical manner and should follow a definite plan of development.
There are four basic mechanical considerations in providing transition between ideas.
• Repetition of key words of phrases
• Use of transitional tags
• Use of parallel grammatical structure
• Use of pronoun
(3) A topic sentence:‐
A controlling idea is the main idea, your attitude, your evaluation of something
• This controlling idea is expressed stated in the form of topic sentence.
• Just as an essay has a thesis that expresses the main idea of the essay.
• A paragraph has a topic sentence that states the central idea for the paragraph.
• Topic sentences can appear at several points in paragraph, either at the beginning, middle or end.
(4) Adequate development:‐
• In addition to unity and conference a paragraph should also be well developed, that is every idea discus in the paragraph so be adequately explained and supported through evidence and example.
• This ideas of course should all work together to explain and support the controlling idea of essay or paper.
Q. (2) narrates the steps develop a paragraph adequately.
Ans: ‐
• The first thing you should keep in the mind is that controlling the idea is positive. That is your paragraph is supporting the idea. Central idea of the should match it.
• Next, your topic sentences of the paragraph state the main idea of the paragraph.
Q. (3) Attributes of good paragraph:‐
The following are the attributes of good paragraph writing:‐
1. It should be concise and precise
2. It should not be lost merely in jungle of words.
3. It should not have monotony.
4. The reference word should be used in the appropriate manner.
5. Topic sentences must explore the central idea of it.
6. The idea should have interrelationship with each other.
7. It should have cohesion and coherence in style.
8. The ideas should be organized in logical sequences.
9. It should be corrected with all grammatical faults and punctuations.
10. The spelling should be spelt correctly.
Q. (5) Explain different types of paragraph:‐
• Narration
• Exposition
• Definition
• Description
• Comparison
• Process analysis
• Persuasion 1. Narration:‐
• A narrative differs from Mere listing of events.
• Time and place and person are normally established.
• Narrative serves as the opening anecdote that illustrated the topic of the story.
2. Expostion:‐
• Exposition is explanatory writing
• Exposition can be incidental part of a description or a narration, or it can be the heart of an article.
• Aside from clarity the key problem with exposition is credibility. What makes your explanation believable?
3. Defination:‐
• Here, the paragraph defines the objects on process.
• The contents are often general and factual.
• After reading the paragraph, readers have knowledge or information that they did not know on object or process before they started reading.
4. Description:‐
• Description requires you to record a series of detailed observation.
• Be especially careful to make real observation.
• The success of a description lies in the difference between what a reader can imagine and what you actually saw and recorded; from that gap arises a spark of engagement.
• Use sensory language.
• Go light on adjectives and adverbs.
• The key problem in description is to avoid being static on flat.
• Adopt a strategy that makes your description into little story: move from far to near, left to right, old to new.
5) Comparison:‐
• Here, paragraph of two different objects or process are compared.
• It may compare more than two different objects or process, in order to identity the advantage and disadvantage of each objects or process.
• Before writing a comparison draws up a chart and fills it in.
• Find out certain elements; compare those elements with the element of other objects or process.
6) Process analysis:‐
• Here, paragraph describes a process in sequential order.
1. Analyse the process in to series of steps.
2. Put the steps into sequence.
3. Isolate the steps: number them, use bullets, put them in separate paragraph.
4. Use illustration keys to the steps when appropriate.
5. Always ask an outsider to read your process analysis to see if it can be followed.
7) Persuasion: ‐
• Here, paragraph is written, to persuade people to do something or change their minds or Take an action, more is needed than your opinion or sense of conviction.
• Given paragraph also serve to little article and brings a sense of closer in the from of “ok, now get up and act!”