Lycopene
Irrigation is also believed to be an important pre-harvest factor influencing the biosynthesis of antioxidant compounds. However, the results of the effects of irrigation on lycopene are not conclusive. De Pascale et al. (2001) observed significant increases in lycopene contents when tomatoes were irrigated with moderately saline solution combined with different N fertilizer treatments. However, Naphade (1993) found that moisture stress reduced lycopene content in some tomato varieties, while increasing lycopene as well as b-carotene content in others.
Irrigation methods also affect lycopene content in tomatoes. Kadam and Sahane (2002) found that tomatoes grown under drip irrigation recorded 3.2 mg kg–1 lycopene in fruits, a result significantly superior to that achieved with surface irrigation (2.6 mg kg–1).
Vitamin C
Dumas et al. (2003) reviewed the effects of water availability on vitamin C content in tomato fruits and indicated that water shortages tend to increase the fruit’s vitamin C contents. Lumpkin (2005) suggested that deficient irrigation often improved tomato fruit’s nutritional values by a concentration effect when the fruit’s water content was reduced, accompanying decreased water consumption by plants. In some cases, however, the effects of water deficits on vitamin C content on a fresh
weight basis may be insignificant, depending on the particular cultivars (Dumas et al. 2003).
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