ISSN f αΐ7-β«Μ
EXTERNAL TRADE
AND BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
Monthly statistics
.Ι-·! ι 1 9 9 3
Part H: Commentaries
Part
2: Exterhâl trade!
eurostat
OFICINA ESTADÍSTICA DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS
DE EUROPÆISKE FÆLLESSKABERS STATISTISKE KONTOR
STATISTISCHES AMT DER EUROPÄISCHEN GEMEINSCHAFTEN
ΣΤΑΤΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑ ΤΩΝ
ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΩΝ ΚΟΙΝΟΤΗΤΩΝ
STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
OFFICE STATISTIQUE DES
COMMUNAUTÉS EUROPÉENNES
ISTITUTO STATISTICO DELLE COMUNITÀ EUROPEE
BUREAU VOOR DE STATISTIEK DER EUROPESE GEMEENSCHAPPEN
SERVIÇO DE ESTATÍSTICA DAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEIAS
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EXTERNAL TRADE
AND BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
Monthly statistics
Part 1 : Commentaries
Part 2: External trade
Luxembourg: Office for Officiai Publications of the European Communities, 1993
& ECSC-EEC-EAEC, Brussels · Luxembourg, 1993
Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided that the source is acknowledged.
NOTE
This edition combines external trade and balance of payments statistics for the Community,
the aim being to provide the reader with all statistical information relating to the Community's
external transactions.
Owing to different periodicities of data collection (monthly for external trade, quarterly for
balance of payments), figures for the balance of payments will appear four times a year in this
publication.
The statistical tables will be preceeded by a concise analysis which will comment upon the
main economic trends. To this end, certain Community aggregates will be estimated if the
necessary data is available for most member states.
In the commentary on recent balance of payments developments, use will be made of the
latest information available for the main balances even if the detailed breakdown of this
information by sub-post has not yet arrived.
ATTENTION PLEASE
Within the framework of the single market, as from the 1st January 1993 new collection procedures for intra-community trade
will be in operation (INTRASTAT system).
As a result, statistics relating to periods after this date only contain data on extra-community trade, except tables 5 and 6
which contain global data from the Intrastat system.
Foreword
Two important changes have taken place in 1988 with regard
to the collection of external trade statistics:
(i) The introduction of the Single Administrative Document,
which not only covers trade in Community goods
between Member States but is also intended to be used
for the corresponding formalities in trade with
non-member countries. This simplification of declaration
pro-cedures in the exchange of goods marks an important
step towards completion of the internal market.
(ii) The simultaneous entry into force of a new goods
classi-fication known as the Combined Nomenclature (CN),
which is intended to meet Common Customs Tariff and
statistical requirements alike. This nomenclature is
based on the Harmonized Commodity Description and
Coding System (HS), whose aim is to enhance the
world-wide comparability of external trade statistics.
As a result of both these changes, customs and statistical
departments were faced with a considerable amount of work
until the procedures had been properly introduced and
tested and formed part of normal working practice.
This meant that there were delays in the forwarding of data
in all the Member States. In addition, there was bound to be
a higher quota of errors and corrections, so that the first
month's data are not directly comparable with those of the
preceding year and therefore need to be interpreted with
caution.
In particular, it should be noted that considerable
diver-gences have arisen at subheading level between the
Combi-ned Nomenclature and the formerly used Nimexe, leading to
a break in the goods-related time series between 1987 and
1988. Up to December 1987 this Bulletin used the SITC Rev.
2, which was worked out using the 6-digit Nimexe, while
from January 1988 it uses the SITC Rev. 3, which has been
drawn up using the 8-digit subheadings of the Combined
Nomenclature.
As an aid to interpretation of the statistics, Eurostat has
published in Theme 6 'Foreign Trade, Series E: Methods'
brochures entitled 'Nomenclature of goods, CN-Nimexe
cor-relation tables'. These provide a comparison between the old
and new nomenclatures as well as showing the links
bet-ween the Combined Nomenclature (CN) and its offshoots.
Eurostat will be glad to provide users of European statistics
with any further information or explanations they may require
with regard to these new developments.
Important note
Table of contents
Commentary
Charts
General summary of trade by country:
Tab. 1: Yearly and quarterly data .
Tab. 2: Monthly data
General summary of trade by commodities:
Tab. 3: Yearly and quarterly data
Tab. 4: Monthly data
Trends in trade by country:
Tab. 5
Tab. 6
Tab. 7
World, intra- and extra-EC . . .
Intra-EC by member countries
Major areas
Trends in trade by commodities:
Tab. 8: SITC sections
Trade by partner countries:
Tab. 9: All commodities (monthly cumulative data)
Tab. 10: SITC sections and main partner countries (quarterly cumulative data)
Indices:
Tab. 11: Volume and unit value indices
Trade of main non-Community countries:
Tab. 12: Trends in total trade and with the EC (EUR 12)
Conversion rates:
Tab. 13: Member countries, United States of America, Japan and Switzerland
EC trade in agricultural products:
Tab. 14: Main product groups
Tab. 15: Products subject to common agricultural policy regulations
EC trade in petroleum products:
Tab. 16: Petroleum and petroleum products
EC and world trade:
Tab. A: World, Community and main non-Community countries
VII
XIX
2
5
8
11
16
24
30
52
92
94
98
99
Symbols and abbreviations used
EUR 12:
UEBL:
DK:
D:
GR:
E:
F:
IRL:
I:
NL:
P:
UK:
USA:
Total of the EC member countries
Belgo-Luxembourg Economic Union
Denmark
Federal Republic of Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
United Kingdom
United States of America
0: Data less than half the unit used
Mio: Million
Mrd: 1 000 million
ECU: European currency unit
Eurostat: Statistical Office of the European Communities
SITC: Standard International Trade Classification
Commentary and graphs
(The commentary refers to the state of the CRONOS database on 29.11. 1993.)
Available data in this issue:
April 1993
May 1993
June 1993
July 1993
August 1993
(The tables refer to the state of the
Methodological notes:
EUR 12
X
UEBL
X
X
X
X
DK
X
D
X
X
X
GR
Χ
Χ
Χ
Χ
Χ
Ε
Χ
Χ
Χ
F
Χ
χ
χ
χ
χ
IRL
Χ
Χ
Ι
Χ
Χ
Χ
χ
χ
NL
Χ
χ
Ρ
χ
χ
χ
χ
χ
υκ
χ
χ
χ
χ
χ
CRONOS database on 7.12.1993)
See Glossarium 1993
Seasonal Adjustments: Results
The introduction of INTRASTÄT regulations
for intraEC trade statistics in January 1993
has resulted in significant delays in the
availability of data. As a result, the figures for
intraCommunity trade have not yet been
updated and the figures given here are the
same as for last month's bulletin. Due to the
fact that Denmark's external trade data is
missing, it has not been possible to calculate
the figures for the Community in May.
From mid1991, the seasonally adjusted
European Community exports to the rest of
the world were relatively stable, but have
now been rising steadily since February
1993 (April exports were up 2.5 % on March
figures). Exports were up 3 % in the first four
months of 1993 compared to the same
period last year.
The figures for the seasonally adjusted
importation of goods to the European
Community from the rest of the world have
risen steadily for about a year (+0.5 % in April
1993), despite fluctuations in December
1992
and
February
1993.
These
observations should be considered with care
however, as they could be affected by the
change in methodology mentioned above.
The deficit of the European Community's
seasonally adjusted trade balance has
improved since early 1992. The deficit for
April 1993 is just 1.4 billion ECU, which is
the smallest recorded deficit for nearly five
years.
Trade
between
EC Member
States
(intraEC) has stabilised at a high level,
following the upward trend observed since
the beginning of 1991. IntraEC trade is
expected to slow down during the next
months.
EUR 12 Exports ExtraEC
Bio. ECU
i
Jam
_I I L I I ■ ■ l_
EUR 12 Imports ExtraEC
Bio. E C U
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 199Í
EUR 12 Trade Balance ExtraEC
Bio. ECU
■
ι
■
EUR 12 Imports IntraEC
Bio. ECU
■
I
I
I
.
' f i l !
■
I
·
■
■
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1992
Unadjusted
Seasonally Adjusted
TABLE I EUR 12 EXPORTS, IMPORTS, TRADE BALANCE (1)
Seasonally Adjusted Series(2) Mrd. ECU
Period
Jan90
Feb90
Mar90
Apr90
May90
Jun90
Jul90
Aug90
Sep90
Oct90
Nov90
Dee90
Jan91
Feb91
Mar91
Apr91
May91
Jun91
Jul91
Aug91
Sep91
Oct91
Nov91
Dec91
Jan92
Feb92
Mar92
Apr92
May92
Jun92
Jul92
Aug92
Sep92
Oct92
Nov92
Dec92
Jan93
Feb93
Mar93
Apr93
Exports
Not Adjusted
34,1
33,6
37,7
33,3
35,6
35,1
35,5
31,4
31,2
38,8
36,9
35,4
32,6
31,7
34,4
34,5
34,4
34,6
38,6
32,1
34,3
40,0
37,5
38,4
32,7
34,2
38,3
37,1
34,0
35,9
39,4
30,1
35,7
39,8
36,6
40,8
31,1
35,1
40,4
38,7
ExtraEC
Seasonally
Adjusted
37,1
36,0
35,6
34,8
35,5
35,0
33,9
34,6
33,1
35,1
35,1
34,0
34,9
33,8
34,1
34,0
34,6
35,1
36,2
36,5
35,8
35,5
36,8
35,6
35,5
36,2
36,1
36,9
36,0
35,0
36,5
35,5
35,9
36,6
35,9
36,7
35,7
37,5
37,5
38,4
Imports ExtraEC
Not Adjusted
39,6
35,6
40,2
37,1
39,4
37,8
36,8
35,2
36,6
43,9
41,9
36,0
43,0
37,3
39,2
43,3
42,3
40,4
43,9
37,0
41,6
44,5
42,2
38,3
41,4
39,8
44,0
42,5
40,0
40,6
42,0
33,3
39,8
41,4
39,4
40,5
36,3
39,6
43,4
40,8
Seasonally
Adjusted
38,8
37,8
38,1
37,8
37,6
37,8
36,5
38,8
38,0
40,1
40,3
39,0
41,8
39,6
39,3
40,8
40,9
41,4
42,2
41,8
42,6
40,3
41,7
40,1
41,0
41,6
41,3
41,2
40,9
39,0
40,5
39,0
38,6
39,3
39,4
41,0
38,4
41,7
39,6
39,8
Trade Balance ExtraEC
Not Adjusted
5,5
2,0
2,5
3,7
3,8
2,7
1,3
3,8
5,3
6,2
5,0
0,6
10,5
5,7
4,9
8,8
7,9
5,7
5,3
4,9
7,3
4,4
4,7
0,1
8,6
«,6
5,7
5,4
6,0
4,7
2,6
3,1
■4,1
1,6
2,9
0,4
5,2
-4,4
3,0
2,1
Seasonally
Adjusted
1,6
1,8
2,5
2,9
2,1
2,8
2,5
4,1
5,0
5,0
5,2
5,0
6,9
5,8
5,1
6,8
6,3
6,3
5,9
5,2
6,7
4,9
4,9
4,5
5,5
5,4
5,2
4,4
4,8
4,0
4,0
3,6
2,7
2,7
3,5
4,8
2,7
4,2
2,1
1,4
Imports IntraEC
Not Adjusted
53,9
52,3
60,6
54,4
56,6
54,7
54,8
44,5
53,3
62,3
61,1
52,6
59,3
56,0
59,6
60,0
59,1
59,0
61,9
45,6
57,3
64,9
60,6
57,0
58,1
60,0
66,2
62,9
58,4
60,9
62,3
44,4
59,3
63,0
59,4
59,0
Seasonally
Adjusted
55,8
53,2
54,7
54,4
54,3
53,9
54,0
55,7
55,7
57,2
56,4
54,0
59,7
56,9
56,7
56,8
57,6
58,7
60,3
58,1
58,8
58,4
59,8
58,5
59,4
60,2
59,3
60,7
59,5
58,0
60,1
58,6
59,1
58,8
58,2
59,2
(1) As from October 1990, the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany includes the territory of the former German Democratic Republic, including East Berlin.
Community results are drawn up accordingly.
(2) Seasonal Adjustment via X11/ARIMAprocedure.
[image:11.595.34.563.8.771.2]GLOBAL TRENDS: Results for May 1993. (1)
The difference between the rate of change for exports and the rate for imports
between January-May 1992 and January-May 1993 is almost 9 points
for the Community, 5 for Japan and -6 for the United States.
The
Community's deficit
for the first five months of
1993 was ECU 14.8 billion, as against ECU 31.3 billion
for the corresponding period of 1992. The rate of
change for exports between January-May 1992 and
January-May 1993 was nearly 9 points higher than for
imports. Extra-Community imports were down by 4.7%,
whereas exports showed a rise - almost 4% - compared
with the first five months of 1992.
The US trade deficit, at ECU 49.1 billion, was twice as
high as in January-May 1992. US imports rose sharply
in January-May 1993 in ecu terms (15.4%), but less
steeply in dollar terms at 10.2%. US exports rose more
slowly than imports, at 9.2% in ecu terms and 4.3% in
dollars.
Japan's
cumulative surplus over the first five months of
1993 was ECU 42.4 billion, ECU 7.7 billion up on the
January-May 1992 figure. The growth in exports was
steady in ecu terms at 11.4%, but less strong in dollar
terms at 6.3%. The yen-ecu parity caused the upward
thrust in ecu terms: exports were 3.2% down in yen
terms. Considered in ecus, Japanese imports were
6.5% higher, and in dollars 1.7% higher, but in yen 7.1%
lower.
(1)
Denmark's results are not yet available and have been estimated.
GR.II- IMPORTS AND EXPORTS (CIF, FOB)
(annual % change in value)
3C-1
"U
1
I
π
m
ί
-,
Ι*:·
91 32 92 93 92
01-05 05
EUR12
91 92 92 93
01-05
USA
92 93
05
Imports
91 92 92 93 92 93
01-05 05
U Exports
[image:13.595.37.556.18.789.2]
(14)TABLE II - TRADE BALANCE, IMPORTS AND EXPORTS (1)
COUNTRIES
EUR-12
United States *'
Japan
BLEU
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
United Kingdom
EUR-12
United States **
Japan
BLEU
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
United Kingdom
EUR-12
United States **
Japan
BLEU
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
United Kingdom
Memorandum Item
1 USDs...ECU
1 YEN
s „EGU
(1) External Trade Statist
(2) Bn*1000.000.000
* Estimate.
** CIF component estima
: Not available.
1991
-70,5
-€8,9
62,8
-7,2
1,2
6,2
-4,4
-12,5
-3,9
-0,2
-6,2
-20,5
-2,8
-20,2
6,8
1,1
3,8
4,7
3,7
15,6
24,1
7,8
6,2
9,9
2,2
6,1
-2,2
-1,9
0,9
9,9
12,7
2,2
0,6
1,7
12,2
6,9
3,4
6,8
0,3
2,5
-4,2
-5,7
2,8
10,4
1992
1992
IV
1993
I
1992
01-05
1993
01-05
TRADE BALANCE (Bk) ECU)
-52,1
-6,7
-12,6 -31,3 -14,8
-60,9 -24,6 -22,1 -24,6 -49,1
82,2 22,7 24,9 34,7 42,4
-5,3 -0,2 -0,8 -3,3 -1,0
2,2 1,0 0,6 0,4
:
8,5
3,8 4,1 1,4 6,2
-4,1 -1,1 -0,8 -1,6 -1,6
-11,8
-2,3 -1,6 -5,7 -2,4
3,1 2,4
-3,3 -1,1 -1,6
0,9
0,2 0,0
0,3
0,1
-1,6
1,1
-0,3 -3,0
1,4
-20,9
-6,8 -3,9 -7,9 -6,0
-2,7 -0,6 -0,6 -1,2 -1,1
-20,4
-4,0 -6,0 -9,9 -9,5
IMPORTS
1992
05
-6,0
-5,6
7,8
-0,6
0,0
0,2
-0,3
-1,2
-0,1
0,2
-0,6
-1,5
-0,3
-1,9
% change on the corresponding period of the previous year
-1,3 -0,8 -4,8
1,3
-2,3 *
4,4
8,8
16,4 8,4 15,4
-5,6 -5,5
5,7
-2,2
6,5
-4,6 -9,0 -8,3 -2,7 -8,2
-2,3 -4,9 -7,0
3,3
-0,1 3,6 -6,0
2,1
-4,9
-4,1
-22,4
-8,0 6,3
2,1
1,2
-2,3
-22,6
6,3
-20,7
-4,5 -6,0 -3,6 -0,9 -4,4
-9,2 -7,3
41,3
-9,6
28,4
-3,8
-10,5
-7,4 0,6 -7,0
3,1 22,6
-5,2 -3,4 -5,6
1,7
-0,7 -5,6
6,0 -12,3
0,0
-2,5
4,2 4,2 3,2
EXPORTS
-5,3
-0,5
-17,4
-11,4
-10,4
-7,8
-0,6
9,1
-5,5
-22,3
-1,9
-15,0
13,4
-0,4
% change on the corresponding period of the previous year
2,9
1,5
'
1,3 5,3 3,9
'
1,7 4,8 8,5 7,5 9,2
3,4
3,5 10,4 10,3 11,4
2,2 5,6 12,1 1,5 12,8
5,1
6,6 0,8
7,7
:
1,5
3,5
3,7 2,1
2,9
2,5 3,6 -«,4
20,2
6,6
6,5 -0,5 0,5
8,7
8,3
5,6 2,8
-16,5
8,6 -6,5
13,0 11,4 19,9 24,2 16,2
4,0
-3,7
4,6
9,8
10,6
4,1
6,6 8,9
6,1 7,9
5,8 -4,9 -6,5
10,2 -13,3
-0,3 -4,3
4,7 3,4 5,7
-1.0
-3,7
-0,3
-9,2
-3,9
-6,5
9,2
2,6
43
30,2
7,6
-6,1
3,9
0,8
% change on the corresponding period of the previous year
-4,6 -0,9 6,1 2,1 4,8
1,4 4,3 12,7 6,2 14,6
ce excluding intra flows (Imports CIF, Exports FOB).
ted.
-5,4
-0,1
1993
05
-0,4 *
-6,9
8,3
0,1
1,6
-0,3
-0,6
1,0
0,1
0,8
-0,9
-0,2
-1,9
-5,3 '
14,5
12,8
-12,2
-4,3
0,6
-21,1
-4,6
32,2
-«,2
-11,3
-14,5
2,9
10,4
*
12,8
10,6
20,2
8,1
28,3
3,0
15,3
10,9
18,1
10,5
-21,0
3,2
4,2.
23,3
EXTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE BY PARTNER COUNTRY: Results for May 1993.
The Community deficit with the industrialised countries was some ECU 10 billion
smaller in January-May 1992 than in the same period of 1993.
Almost ECU 10 billion of the ECU 16.5 billion
improve-ment in the extra-Community trade balance for the first
five months of 1993 compared with the same period of
1992 was attributable to the fall in the deficit with the
industrialised countries,
which stood at ECU 18 billion
in January-May 1993. The gap in trade with the United
States and Canada narrowed by ECU 4.6 billion, and
with Japan by ECU 2.2 billion. The Community's trade
balance with Japan was ECU -11.4 billion for the first
five months of 1993 compared with -6.7 billion for the
balance with the United States. Trade with the EFTA
countries showed a deficit of ECU 1.7 billion in
Janua-ry-May 1993, ECU 500 million less than in the
corre-sponding period of 1992. Trade with the other countries
of Western Europe was in surplus to the tune of ECU 2.5
billion, 1.4 billion up.
Community imports from the industrialised countries
were 8.8% down on the cumulative level for the first five
months of 1992. Flows of imports from the United States
and Canada took a downward turn (-8.1%) with the dollar
appreciating against the ecu (4.9%). Imports from the
EFTA countries were 6.3% down on the first five months
of 1992. Flows from Japan were 11.7% down, with the
yen appreciating 14.6% against the ecu.
Exports to the industrialised countries fell by 1.6%
be-tween January-May 1992 and the same period of 1993,
to the EFTA countries by 5.6% and to Japan by 4.3%.
Flows of exports to the United States and Canada were
up by 3% and those to other countries in Western Europe
by 6.6% between the first five months of 1992 and the
same period of 1993. The Community's trade with
de-veloping countries resulted in a surplus of ECU 6.5
billion in January-May 1993, as against ECU 0.7 billion
for the corresponding period of 1992. The trade surplus
with the Mediterranean countries amounted to ECU 4.3
billion, a rise of ECU 2.8 billion since the first five months
of 1992. The trade deficit with the OPEC countries
stayed at ECU 500 million. The balances with the ACP
and Latin-American countries, in deficit in January-May
1992, recovered in January-May 1993 by ECU 2.5billion
in each case to produce surpluses of ECU 1.1 and ECU
0.2 billion respectively. Trade with the Asian NICs was
in the black for the first five months of 1993 (ECU 500
million), whereas it had been in deficit (ECU -1.1 billion)
in the corresponding period of 1992. Imports from the
developing countries
were 4.7% down between
Ja-nuary-May 1992 and the same period of 1993. Flows
from the OPEC countries declined by 5% and imports
from the Mediterranean countries by 9.6%. Imports from
the ACP and the Latin-American countries plummeted
(by almost 29% and 16% respectively). Flows from the
Asian NICs showed the least severe drop (0.3%).
Exports to the developing countries rose by around 5%
between the two periods in question, with further upward
tendencies in flows to the Asian NICs (14.4%) and the
Latin-American countries (15.4%). Exports to the
Medi-terranean and the ACP countries were up by 5.8% and
2.8% respectively over the figures for the first five
months of 1992. Exports to the OPEC countries fared
least well, being 5% down.
The Community's trade balance with the
countries of
Central and Eastern Europe
showed a surplus of ECU
0.7 billion for the first five months of 1993 as against a
deficit of ECU 0.3 billion for the corresponding period of
1992. Imports from these countries were 8.1% up, but
there was a sharp rise in exports to the same countries
(15.2%).
Trade with
China
was in deficit to the tune of ECU 3.5
billion in January-May 1993, an improvement of ECU 0.7
billion over the corresponding period of the previous
year. Imports from China were almost 15% up and
exports to China surged 73% between the first five
months of 1992 and the same period of 1993.
GR.III- EXTRA TRADE BALANCE (MAIN PARTNERS)
(BN ECU)
[image:15.595.28.568.14.803.2]
(16)TABLE III - EUR-12 TRADE BALANCE AND TRADE FLOWS BY MAIN PARTNERS (1)
EXTRA-EC whose
INDUSTRIALIZED THIRD
COUNTRIES
- United States - Canada
-Japan
-EFTA
COUNTRIES IN MIDDLE
AND EASTERN EUROPE
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
(2)
-A8ianNIC8(3)
-OPEC
- Mediterranean Basin
-ACP
- Latin America
CHINA
EXTRA-EC whose
INDUSTRIALIZED THIRD
COUNTRIES
- United States - Canada
-Japan
-EFTA
COUNTRIES IN MIDDLE
AND EASTERN EUROPE
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
(2)
- Asian NICe (3)
-OPEC
- Mediterranean Basin
-ACP
- Latin America
CHINA
EXTRA-EC whose
INDUSTRIALIZED THIRD
COUNTRIES
- United States - Canada
-Japan
-EFTA
COUNTRIES IN MIDDLE
AND EASTERN EUROPE
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
(2)
-Asian NICs (3)
-OPEC
- Mediterranean Basin
-ACP
- Latin America
CHINA
1992
STRUC
TURE«/.
-100,0
59,0
19,6
10,6
22,9
7,5
29,9
6,1
8,8
8,4
3,7
5,0
3,4
100,0
55,1
18,9
4,7
24,7
8,1
35,1
6,3
9,6
10,4
3,9
4,6
1,6
(1) External Trade Statistics (Imports CIF, Expor
(2) Some countries belong to several zones.
(3) Asian NICs include the following countries: S
1991
-70,5
-51,1
-21,3
-29,7
-1,9
-2,7
-7,6
-4,8
-7,5
2,4
-3,2
-«,4
-9,4
6,8
6,2
7,6
12,1
2,0
151
4,4
15,9
4,2
2,8
-4,9
2,2
41,2
0,9
^3,4
-6,2
-2,5
-2,2
17,2
6,1
10,3
10,9
0,5
-4,3
16,2
54
1992
1992
IV
1993
I
1992
01-05
1993
01-05
1992
05
TRADE BALANCE (Bio ECU)
-52,1
-6,7
-12,6 -31,3 -14,8
' -6,0
-48,0
-8,7
-12,4 -27,6 -18,0
' -5,3
-13,4
-1,1 -6,0
-11,3
-6,7 ' -1,6
-31,0
-7,6 -6,7
-13,6 -11,4
' -2,8
-3,9 -0,8 -0,9 -2,2 -1,7 ' -0,6
-1,4 0,0 0,2 -0,3 0,7 ' -0,2
7,1 4,0 2,3 0,7 6,5 * 0,2
-2,1 -0,5 -0,1 -1,1 0,5 * -0,1
-0,7 0,5 -0,5 -0,5 -0,5 ' -0,2
4,2 2,1 2,0 1,5 4,3 * 0,4
-0,9 0,3 0,5 -1,4 1,1 ' -0,2
-4,5 -0,5 0,2 -2,6 0,2 ' -0,6
-0,9 -2,1 -2,4 -4,2 -3,5 ' -0,8
IMPORTS
% change on the corresponding period of the previous year
-1,3 -0,8 -4,8 1,3 -4,7 ' -5,3
-1,9 -3,1 -«,6 2,7 -8,8 * -4,5
-6,0 -7,9 -6,6 2,8 -8,1 '
-11,0
-0,6 -3,9 -11,4 4,6
-11,7
* -2,0
0,8 1,1 -6,6 1,2 -6,3 * -1,3
5 7 13,5 8,0 -2,5 8,1 ' -4,8
-3,1 -1,3 -5,2 -2,2 -4,7 ' -8,0
-2,7 1,4 -2,0 -1,0 -0,3 '
-13,1
-8,8
-10,2
-7,2 -7,2 -5,0 * -3,0
- 5 4 - 5 7
-11,6
-5,5 -9,6 *
-10,5
-6,2
-10,0 -28,6
-3,3
-29,1
' -7,2
- 5 4 0,7
-16,4
-5,6
-16,3
'
-13,6
12,1 15,0 11,3 15,7
14,9
' 4,4
EXPORTS
% change on the corresponding period of the previous year
2,9 1,5 1,3 5,3 3,9
* -1,0
-1,0
-0,8 -4,0
0,9 -1,6 * -3,0
2,3 1,2
-2,1
7,3 3,0
*
1,6
-7,4
-θ,5
-7,4 -6,7 -4,3
'
-18,2
-1,1 -0,5
-5,8
-0,5 -5,6
'
-2,1
10,4
10,7
10,2 7,6 15,2
' -0,8
7,1
1,8
2,8 12,5 4,8
*
2,5
7,5 10,1 10,3 8,0 14,4
'
- 5 0
6,9 1,9 - 5 7 16,8
-5,0 '
4,3
-1,0 -1,8 1,1 2,5 5,8
' -5,9
7,0 7,1
2,2
4,5 2,2
*
1,2
14,5
6,7
16,3 23,4 15,4
*
4,8
22,2
29,3
58,9 20,9
72,9 ' -3,8
s FOB). 'Estimate.
ingapore, SOL th Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong.
1993
05
-0,4
'
-2,4
*
-0,2
'
-2,2
'
-0,3
'
0,3
*
2,3
*
0,4
0,3
*
1,0
'
0,3
*
0,0
'
-0,4
'
-5,3
'
-9,8
'
-10,9
"
-12,6
'
-7,3
"
10,2
*
-5,3
*
-0,1
'
-7,8 '
-3,8
'
-28,9
*
-15,8
"
11,7
'
10,4
'
2,8
'
8,9
'
63
'
-3,7
"
28,6
*
12,0
'
23,0
*
7,2
'
13,1
'
4,0
*
17,4
*
113,6
*
EXTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE BY PRODUCT: Results for May 1993.
The five-month cumulative surplus on machinery and transport equipment (SITC 7)
is ECU 6 billion higher than in the corresponding period of 1992.
Trade in
machinery and transport equipment
(SITC
7) was in surplus to the tune of ECU 15.1 billion during
the first five months of 1993, as against ECU 9 billion for
the corresponding months of 1992. The surplus in
che-micals (SITC 5) rose by ECU 2.8 billion to ECU 10.6
billion. The negative balance in the "other manufactured
goods" item was stable over the period in question at
ECU 8.5 billion. The deficit in energy products (SITC 3),
in terms of cumulative figures for the first five months of
1993, narrowed by ECU 2.8 billion. The cost of the
Community's supplies of crude oil, calculated as a
sim-ple average for January-May 1993 and expressed in
terms of dollars per barrel, fell 1.3% in relation to the
average cost for January-May 1992. This average was
3.4% up in terms of ecu per barrel. Trade deficits in
crude materials (SITC 2+4) and food products (SITC
0+1) narrowed by just under ECU 2 billion to ECU 8.8
billion and ECU 500 million respectively for the first five
months of 1993 (cumulative).
Imports of energy products were 3% down in
January-May 1993 compared with the same period of 1992.
Imports of crude materials and food products fell more
sharply, by 11% and 12%. Imports of
machinery and
transport equipment
were 3.1 % down and imports of
chemicals 2.2% down.
Flows of other manufactured goods were 3% up. Exports
of
chemicals
(cumulative figures January-May 1993)
were 11.1% higher than in the same period of the
previous year, and exports of
machinery and transport
equipment
rose substantially, by 5.7%. Flows of other
manufactured goods rose less sharply, by 3.9%.
Ex-ports of food products rose 3.2% over the period
Janua-ry-May 1992.
GR.IV- EXTRA TRADE BALANCE (PRODUCT GROUPS)
(BN ECU)
Manufactures
Manufactures
i-Fuels
Manufactures
92 93
01-05
92
93
05
TABLE IV - EUR-12 TRADE BALANCE AND TRADE FLOWS BY BROAD PRODUCT GROUPS (1)
EXTRA-EC
Food, etc (SITC 0+1)
Crude materials (SITC 2+4) (2)
Fuel products (SITC 3)
Chemicals (SITC 5)
Machinery, transport eq. (SITC 7)
Other manufact. goods (SITC 6+8)
Articles not classified (SITC 9)
EXTRA-EC
Food, etc (SITC 0+1)
Crude materials (SITC 2+4) (2)
Fuel products (SITC 3)
Chemicals (SITC 5)
Machinery, transport eq. (SITC 7)
Other manufact. goods (SITC 6+3)
Articles not classified (SITC 9)
EXTRA-EC
Food, etc (SITC 0+1)
Crude materials (SITC 2+4) (2)
Fuel products (SITC 3)
Chemicals (SITC 5)
Machinery, transport eq. (SITC 7)
Other manufact. goods (SITC 6+8)
Articles not classified (SITC 9)
1992
STRUC
TURE
%
100,0
7,9
7,0
13,3
6,9
30,0
29,9
5 0
100,0
7,7
2,2
2,4
12,4
41,4
29,9
3,9
1991
7 0 , 5
7 , 0
2 5 , 5
6 0 , 8
18,4
24,4
1 5 , 2
4 , 7
6,8
7,0
8 , 2
1,2
7,0
12,2
8,5
6,8
0,9
1,8
5 2
5 5
4,8
1,7
1 , 7
1,5
1992
52,1
-4,8
-24,4
-54,3
20,3
34,4
1 5 8
-7,4
1992
IV
1993
I
1992
0105
1993
0105
T R A D E B A L A N C E (Bio E C U )
5 , 7
1 , 7
6 , 0
1 4 , 1
5 2
13,1
2 , 1
1 , 0
1 2 , 6
- 0 , 4
5 , 3
11,7
6,0
7,7
7 , 1
1 , 8
31,3
2 , 7
1 0 , 7
2 2 , 3
7,8
9,0
8 , 5
♦ , 0
I M P O R T S
-14,8
"
0,5
'
8,8
'
19,5
*
10,6
*
15,1
*
8,5
'
3,2
*
1992
05
6 , 0
0 , 5
2 , 2
4 , 5
1,5
2,0
1 , 4
0 , 8
%
change on the corresponding period of the previous year
-1,3
0,9
-5,6
-9,2
4,3
-1,4
1,6
-3,2
0 , 8
4,5
0 , 1
- 8 , 2
9,9
3 , 3
3,0
8 , 1
- 4 , 8
- 8 , 8
11,2
- 4 , 9
- 2 , 3
- 3 , 2
4,0
^ 8 , 0
1,3
3,2
1,1
1 0 , 7
1,1
4,4
2,3
8,6
E X P O R T S
4,7
*
10,9
'
11,9
"
3,0
*
2,2
*
3,1
'
3,3
*
-43,4
"
5 , 3
6 , 5
8 , 1
2 , 4
0 , 6
6 , 1
4 , 7
10,3
% change on the corresponding period of the previous year
2,9
8,0
2,2
0,6
6,6
4,6
1,4
17,1
1,5
3,9
0,1
3,1
2,0
4,2
0 , 9
1 2 , 7
1,3
1,8
3,4
45,3
8,8
2,8
1,6
5 9 , 1
5 3
8,4
7,2
3 , 5
8,8
6,6
3,6
4,6
3,9
*
3,2
*
3,0
*
51,7
*
11,1
*
5 7
'
3,9
*
5 4 3
*
1 , 0
0 , 4
8 , 7
10,2
0 3
3,5
5 , 5
156
1993
05
0 , 4
*
0,0
*
1 , 7
*
3 , 6
*
2,2
'
4,2
'
0 , 6
*
0 , 8
"
5 , 3
*
11,5
'
1 5 5
'
€,4
'
5,5
'
2,6
'
1,7
*
30,3
*
10,4
'
5 3
*
5,5
*
60,4
*
11,9
'
13,4
'
9 3
*
42,5
*
(1) External Trade Statistics (Imports CIF, Exports FOB). SITC Rev.3 Is in application from 1988.
(2) Petroleum not included.
* Estimate.
EXTRACOMMUNITY TRADE OF INDIVIDUAL MEMBER STATES:
Results for May 1993. Germany's extraCommunity surplus rises by ECU 4.8 billion
between the first five months of 1992 and the same period of 1993.
For the first five months of 1993, Germany's extra
Community balance was ECU 6.2 billion, 4.8 billion hi
gher than over the same period of 1992. Italy ran an
ECU 1.4 billion surplus for the reference period, as
against an ECU 3 billion deficit in the corresponding
period of 1992. Ireland's extraCommunity trade remai
ned more or less in balance, but Portugal and the BLEU
each turned in a deficit of almost ECU 1 billion. The
BLEU's extraCommunity balance showed an ECU 2.3
billion improvement over the equivalent period of the
previous year. France and Greece each had an extra
Community trade deficit of ECU 1.6 billion, close to the
1992 leveis for the same period. Spain reported an
ECU 2.4 billion deficit in JanuaryMay 1993 although
this was an improvement of ECU 3.3 billion. The Ne
therlands' extraCommunity trade was in the red to the
tune of ECU 6 billion, as against nearly ECU 8 billion in
the first five months of 1992. The United Kingdom had
the biggest deficit for JanuaryMay 1993: ECU 9.5 bil
lion, almost as large as for the first five months of 1992.
GR.V MEMBER STATE'S EXTRA TRADE BALANCE
(BN ECU)
10 π
5
-10
1 5
BL
DK
D
GR
E
EXTRA
F
IRL
Ι
i
1992 0105
NL
Ρ
UK
□
1993 0105
INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE OF INDIVIDUAL MEMBER STATES:
Results for February 1993 for Germany, results for May 1993 for Greece,
Spain, France and Italy
NB:
Following the change In the collection system for
Intra-Community data on 1 January 1993, caution Is
called for In making comparisons between 1992 and
1993. The link between the new INTRASTA Τ system
and the taxation system has changed the reference
dates for the recording of goods, and this may lead
to a drop In flows at the beginning of 1993 which may
in part be attributable to non-responses, since some
time will be needed to check Infrastat's coverage.
GERMANY:
Germany's intra-Community trade was
more or less in balance in January-February 1993,
whereas it had shown a cumulative surplus of 1.2 billion
for the first two months of 1992. Intra-Community trade
measured in terms of incoming goods fell 11 % in relation
to January-February 1992, while outgoing goods fell a
little more sharply (16%).
GREECE:
The cumulative intra-Community balance
sheet for the first five months of 1993 was in deficit to
the tune of almost ECU 3 billion, very similar to the figure
for the corresponding period of 1992. Flows of incoming
and outgoing goods did not move in the same direction:
incoming goods were 10% up and outgoing goods 5%
down. This difference invalidates comparisons with the
series collected prior to January 1993.
SPAIN:
Spain's intra-Community trade was in deficit to
the tune of ECU 2 billion for the period January-May
1993, as against an ECU 4.7 billion deficit for
January-May 1992. Flows of incoming goods fell by 20% and
flows of outgoing goods by 9%. The comments made
above should be repeated here. The change in collec
tion procedures has no doubt influenced flows of inco
ming and outgoing goods in different ways.
FRANCE:
France's intra-Community trade deficit was
almost ECU 1 billion in January-May 1993 as against
ECU 1.5 billion for the first five months of 1992. France's
intra-Community trade fell by almost 12% between Ja
nuary-May 1992 and the same period of 1993. Trends
in incoming goods remain similar to those for outgoing
goods (-13% and -12% respectively).
ITALY:
Italy's cumulative intra-Community balance for
January-May 1992 was in deficit to the tune of ECU 5
billion whereas the figure for the same period of the
previous year was a surplus of over ECU 1 billion. Italy's
intra-Community flows are moving in the same direction
as Spain's. Incoming goods were 26% down and out
going goods 10% down between the first five months of
1992 and the same period of 1993.
GR.VI- INTRA COMMUNITY TRADE BY MEMBER STATE
(BN ECU)
82 01-02
93
01«
01-05
32
01-0532 01-05
GERMANY
GREECE
SPAIN
A r r i v a l s
D i s p a t c h e s
92
01-05
93 01-05
92
01-05
93 01-05
FRANCE
ITALY
Trade of the EC in agricultural and industrial products
Mrd ECU
180
160
1992
Import
Intra Extra
Industrial products
Agricultural products
140
120
100
Mrd ECU
180
160
140
120
100
B/L DK
TRADE OF THE EC WITH THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
100000
90000
80000
70000
60000 —
50000
40000 —
30000
20000
TOTAL TRADE
Mio ECU
100000
— 90000
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
FOOD, BEVERAGES t TOBACCO
FUEL PRODUCTS
RAW MATERIALS
4400
3900
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
4000
3800
3600
3400
3200
3000
2800
2600
2400
2200
2000
J I I L
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
J I I L
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
CHEMICALS
MACHINERY & TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
OTHER MANUFACTURED GOODS
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
IMPORTS
45000
42000
39000
36000
33000
"
-'
30000 .
1988
I
1989
I
1990
Mio ECL
1991 1992
27000
25000
23000
21000
19000
17000
15000
13000
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
EXPORTS
XX
m
TRADE OF THE EC WITH THE CANADA
11000
10500
10000
9500
9000
8500
8000
7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
TOTAL TRADE
Mio ECU
11000
10500
10000
9500
9000
8500
8000
7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
FOOD, BEVERAGES & TOBACCO
FUEL PRODUCTS
RAW MATERIALS
850
800
750
700
650
J L
_L
1000
800
600
400
200
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
ι ι
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
900
800
700
600
500
400
JUL)
CHEMICALS
-
y<^~
I
I
I
I
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
MACHINERY & TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
OTHER MANUFACTURED GOODS
J I L
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
J L
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
IMPORTS
eurostat
Mio ECU
EXPORTS
GENERAL SUMMARY
of EC trade by country
Values in Mio ECU
1000 1010 1011 1020 1021 1022 1023 1028 1030 1031 1032 1033 1038 1060 1070 1090 1051 1053 1057 1058 024 028 030 032 036 038 046 052 054 055 060 061 063 064 066 068 072 075 079 091 092 096 204 206 212 216 220 248 272 276 288 302 314 318 322 346 372 373 382 388 400 404 412 436 442 453 458 462 478 480 484 500 504 508 512 528 600 604 608 616 624 628 632 636 647 649 662 664 666 669 680 690 700 701 706 708 720 728 732 736 740 800 804 996 Partner countries WORLD
Intra-EC (EUR 12)
Extra-EC
Class 1 EFTA
Other West. Europe USA and Canada Other class 1
Class 2 ACP (6S countries) DOM TOM Other class 2
Class 4 Class 5 Miscellaneous Mediterranean Basin OPEC ASEAN Latin America
Mairi countries ;
Iceland Norway Sweden Finland Switzerland Austria Malta Turkey Latvia Lithuania Poland Czech Republik Slowakia Hungary Romania Bulgaria Ukraine Russia Kazakhstan Slovenia Croatia Form.jug.Rep.Maced Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt Senegal Ivory Coast Ghana Nigeria Cameroon Gabon Congo Zaire Kenya Réunion Mauritius Zimbabwe South Africa
United States of America Canada Mexico Costa Rica Panama Bahamas Guadeloupe Martinique Netherlands Antilles Colombia Venezuela Ecuador Peru Brazil Chile Argentina Cyprus Lebanon Syria Iran Israel Jordan Saudi Arabia Kuwait
United Arab Emirates Oman Pakistan India Bangladesh Sn Lanka Thailand Vietnam Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Philippines China South Korea Japan Taiwan Hong Kong Australia New Zealand Inter-zone trade 1990 1129 055 663 797 462 720 276 380 108 597 14 648 94 591 58 545 143 948 20 125 1 588 712 121 523 31 274 11 118 2 538 42 296 44 982 16 748 25 356 936 16 465 25 432 10 438 34 338 20 989 649 5 943 5 278 3004 1 617 593 3 043 6 940 2 250 7 888 2 299 411 1 677 730 4 386 1 379 1 095 602 1 142 520 125 756 577 5 929 85 182 9 409 2 947 433 490 214 97 194 55 1 465 1 784 354 803 9 203 2 617 3 474 581 97 1 239 5 798 3 467 92 8 224 1 851 1 509 153 1 461 4 553 501 440 4 105 84 2 863 3 606 4 694 1 257 10 603 6 557 46 224 9 159 5 916 4 822 1 569 4 032 1991 1199 583 702 924 493 990 293 445 110 746 14 799 101 810 66 091 150 318 19 134 1 775 689 128 720 34 660 15 566 2 669 43 493 46 849 19 947 25 903 935 17 435 25 228 10 437 34 464 22 246 702 6 235 6 212 3 625 1 467 752 3 177 7 615 2 332 8 067 2 195 382 1 617 717 4 563 1 159 1 227 547 963 565 105 780 644 8 378 91 941 9 869 3 052 492 468 216 125 179 152 1 721 1 620 587 839 9 378 2 528 3 798 616 91 1 351 6 292 3 407 84 11 163 224 1 744 127 1 569 4 758 657 543 5 014 172 3 577 4 383 5 220 1 473 14 973 7 843 51 818 11 052 6 401 4 469 1 427 1992 1207 269 715 997 487 730 287 850 111 578 13 728 95 750 66 795 145 723 17 954 1 736 702 125 331 36 619 17 538 3 542 41 166 42 746 22 404 24 506 906 17 199 24 611 10 854 34 933 23 075 855 6 587 467 441 7 078 3 986 1 402 898 698 8 602 64 1 586 803 3 312 6 881 2 467 6 925 2 489 253 1 553 572 3 993 1 073 1 049 645 719 526 143 833 514 9 097 86 776 8 973 2 932 468 406 224 108 153 121 1 701 1 434 592 762 9 136 2 434 3 302 596 78 1 511 5 377 3 376 96 9 660 813 1 440 128 1 580 4 878 747 617 5 642 319 4 346 4 938 5 649 1 608 16 781 7 430 51 511 10 713 5 908 4 783 1 403
I m p o r t s
