1401 multiple utility program with simultaneous input output processing

(1)

3-1964

1401 multiple utility program with simultaneous

input-output processing

Karolyn Edwards

Iowa State University

David E. McFarland

Iowa State University

Follow this and additional works at:

http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ameslab_isreports

Part of the

Computer Sciences Commons

This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Ames Laboratory at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ames Laboratory Technical Reports by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please [email protected].

Recommended Citation

Edwards, Karolyn and McFarland, David E., "1401 multiple utility program with simultaneous input-output processing" (1964).Ames Laboratory Technical Reports. 67.

(2)

Abstract

The purpose of this report is to describe POGINOUT, a simultaneous input-output utility program for the IBM 1401 computer. The procedure is given for writing any 1401 program with simultaneous input-output. The description and procedure can be used in writing similar utility programs for 1401's used as peripheral equipment to a larger computer. The report contains comments on procedures not used in POGINOUT but which might be appropriate under slightly different conditions. Familiarity with this program aids in optimum use of the POGO executive system. The normal user will find those sections pertaining to code words and carriage control the most useful.

Disciplines

Computer Sciences | Physical Sciences and Mathematics

(3)

AL

JtDR

.:r:s-tSI

IO

WA

1401 MULTIPLE UTILITY PROGRAM WITH SIMULTANEOUS INPUT-OUTPUT

PROCESSING

by

Karolyn Edwards and David E. McFarland

RESEARCH AND

DEVELOPMENT

REPORT

(4)

TID 4500, April 1, 1964

UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION Research and Development Report

1401 MULTIPLE UTILITY PROGRAM WITH SIMULTANEOUS INPUT -OUTPUT

PROCESSING

. by

March, 1964

Ames Laboratory at

Iowa State University of Science and Technology

(5)

IS-851

This report is distributed according to the category Mathematics and Computers (UC -32) as listed in TID-4500, April 1, 1964.

Legal Notice

This report was prepared as an account of Government sponsored work. Neither the United States, nor the Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission:

A,. Makes any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in this report, or that the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report may not infringe privately owned rights; or

B. Assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or for damages resulting from the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report.

As used in the above, "person acting on behalf of the Commission" includes any employee or contractor of the Commission, or employee of such contractor, to the extent that such employee or contractor of the Commission, or employee of such contractor prepares, dissemi-nates, or provides access to, any information pursuant to his employ-ment or contract with the Commission, or his employemploy-ment with such contractor.

Printed in USA. Price $ . 75 . Available from the

Office of Technical Services U. S. Department of Commerce

(6)

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT •.•..

INTRODUCTION

SECTION

I.

INFORMATION SPECIFIC TO P<;l>GIN<;l>UT FOR

USE WITH P<;l>G<;l>, PROGRAMMER ORIENTED GENERALIZED OPERATOR ••••••••••••••••

Minimum Machine Requirements ••••••

Input Specifications ••••••••••••••••••

Specifications for all operations Tape-to-printer/punch operation Card-to-tape operation ..•..•••.

Code Words ••••• Sense Switches .•• Operating Speeds

SECTION II. INFORMATION APPLICABLE TO ANY 1401 SIMULTANEOUS UTILITY PROGRAM FOR PERIPHERAL TAPE PROCESSING ••...•••

Carriage Control

Timing . . . . . . .. • • .

General . . . .

Card Read Cycle Card Punch Cycle

Print Cycle .•••••....•..

IBM 729 Magnetic Tape Timings 729 II Tape Write Timing •. 729 IV Tape Read Timing

Discussion of Possibilities

...

Page

5

6

6 6

6 7 8

9

12 13

15

16

18

19

20 21 22 22

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IS- 851

1401 MULTIPLE UTILITY PROGRAM WITH SIMULTANEOUS

INPUT-OUTPUT PROCESSING

Abstract

The purpose of this report is to describe P(/JGIN(/JUT, a simultane-ous input-output utility program for the IBM 1401 computer. The pro-cedure is given for writing any 1401 program with simultaneous input-output. The description and procedure can be used in writing similar utility programs for 1401's used as peripheral equipment to a larger computer. The report contains comments on procedures not used in P(,l>GIN(/JUT but which might be appropriate under slightly different con-ditions. Familiarity with this program aids in optimum use of the P(/JG(/J executive system. The normal user will find those sections pertaining to code words and carriage control the most useful.

INTRODUCTION

The Simultaneous Utility Program for the IBM 1401, POGINOUT,

performs both card-to-tape and tape-to-printer/punch operations

near-maximum speed. This is done to prepare magnetic tape input for

the IBM 7074 and to process magnetic tape output.

The operation to be performed depends on the setting of sense

switches. The program was written as a utility program for the POGO

system and as a card-to-tape processor for the FLAG system. It could

(9)

SECTION I. INFORMATION SPECIFIC TO P<;l>GIN(,l)UT FOR USE WITH P(,l)G(,l), PROGRAMMER ORIENTED

GENERALIZED OPERATOR

Minimum Machine Requirements

The 1401 system necessary to operate this program includes:

1. IBM 1401 Model C3 (tape system with 4000 storage positions}

2. IBM 1402 Card Read-Punch 'unit

3\ IBM 1403 Printer, Model 2

4. 2 Magnetic tape units: IBM 729 II and IBM 729 IV; or 2 IBM

7330 units.

5. Six additional sense switches

6. Advanced Programming Feature

7. High-Low-Equal Compare Feature

8. Print Storage Feature

9. Early Card Read Feature

10. Read-Punch Release Feature

Input Specifications

1. Specifications for all operations

The object deck of POGINOUT must be immediately followed by a

date card. Columns 1-6 are punched with the date. This supplies the

date for account cards and header lines. If the date card is blank, no

header line will be written when a new page is begun. Also, if the date

card is blank one tape mark will signify the end of the reel.

(10)

turned on at any point to stop the curr~nt operation. The program will

halt normally immediately after being loaded. Sense switch E should be

turned on to halt operations rather than pressing STOP. A halt under

control of switch E waits until the current operation is finished.

Pres-sing the STOP button does not do this.

2. Tape-to-printer/punch operation

Sense switch G must be on to indicate this operation. The 7074

out-put tape must be mounted on tape unit# 1. Four tape marks sensed on tape

normally terminate the operation. Multiple files per reel will be

proc-essed as they are reached.

Code words may be used to control processing. The first character

of each printed line acts as forms control unless the code word indicates

otherwise. See page 9 for more information on code words and forms

control characters.

The maximum block length is 1200 characters. The maximum length

record is 132 characters for printing, 80 for punching. The records

may be of fixed or variable length and may be blocked. Variable length

records require record marks. The output will be processed with one

record per card br line. Whether the record is printed or punched

depends on the code word preceding the file.

When overflow suppress is not being used and page headings are not

being omitted, a segment mark or a tape mark on tape will cause a new

page to be printed. "SEGMENT MARK" or "TAPE MARK" is printed on

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code -word conditions and looks for a new code word.

All cards punched from the output tape are selected into the 8/2 stacker. This includes account cards and card output. They may be separated later by a special option.

3. Card-to:..tape operation

Sense switch F must be on for this operation. The cards to be put on tape must immediately follow the date card. Each card will be put on tape as a card image. The cards read are selected into stacker 1. Each POGO or control car.d is numbered and a duplicate punched, which is then selected into stacker 4.

The POGO cards are written on tape in card image as well.as being punched. Each POGO card is sequentially numbered in columns 71-75 first. Other control cards, FORF, 'FORN~ WTM, and WSM are not written on tape in card image. The WTM and WSM cards cause a tape mark or segment mark respectively to be written on tape. A WTM or WSM card also causes the cards following to be written in alphameric mode. A FORF card causes following cards to be written on tape in alphameric mode until a FORN is encountered. A FORN causes following cards to be written in numeric mode until a FORF or WTM is encountered.

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Input cards for the FLAG system may also be taped using this

pro-gram. Both FLAG and POGO may be put on the same tape. When a

<-character is encountered in column 1 only, the card is both punched as

a log card and written on tape. When this character is encountered in

both columns 1 and 2 a tape mark is written on tape.

When the last card or the first POGO card is sensed, a stop signal

is written on tape to tell FLAG that the input tape is finished.

Code Words

Code words are used to indicate to P~GIN~UT the form of the

fol-lowing output tape. A code word is effective until the next tape mark is

encountered. The code words and their effect are as indicated:

none: Single records will be printed with forms control. A record may

or may not be terminated by a record mark. Variable length blocked

records, each terminated by a record mark will be deblocked and

printed with forms control. F~RTRAN punched output will be processed.

This is a record starting with five dollar signs,

$$$$$.

The dollar signs

will be deleted and the following 80 characters (or fewer) will be punched.

FPXXX: Single records with or without record marks will be printed

with forms control. The carriage control character will be printed as a

blank. Fixed length blocked records without record marks will be

deblocked and printed with forms control in lengths of XXX characters

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characters for each line.

FP : Single records with or without record marks will be printed with

forms control. The carriage control character will be printed as a

blank. Variable-length blocked records, each terminated by a record

mark, will be deblocked and printed with forms control.

FP

+:

Single or variable -length blocked records will be processed as

with the FPbbb code word. All alphameric records will be printed with

forms control, printing the carriage control character as a blank. All

numeric records will be punched, If a numeric record is longer than 80

characters, only the first 80 will be punched.

PRXXX: Single records with or without record marks will be printed

with single spacing. Fixed-length blocked _records will be de blocked and

printed single spaced. Each record, whether single or blocked, must

contain XXX characters per record where XXX is the three -digit integer

in the code word.

PR : Single records with or without record marks will be printed with

single spacing. Variable -length blocked records, each terminated by a

record mark, will be deblocked and printed single spaced.

PR

+:

Single or variable-length blocked records will be processed as

with the PRbbb code word. All alphameric records will be printed

sin-gle spaced. Numeric records will be deblocked, punching the first 80

(14)

,

KOXXX: Single records with or without record marks and blocked

fixed-length records without record marks will be processed. Each

record will be printed with forms control and overflow suppression.

Overflow suppression occurs when sensing the end of a page does not

cause a new page to be started. Printing continues right over the end

of a page.

KO : Single records with or without record marks and blocked

variable-length records with record marks are processed, deblocking

when necessary. Records are printed with forms control and overflow

suppression.

KO

+:

Single records and blocked variable -length records with record

marks are processed. Deblocking is done where necessary.

Alpha-meric records are printed with forms control and overflow suppression.

Numeric records are punched.

PUXXX: Single records and fixed-length blocked records without record

marks are processed, deblocking the blocked records. All records are

punched; record length must not exceed 80 characters.

PU : Single records and variable -length blocked records with record

marks are processed, deblocking where needed. All records are

punched and must not exceed 80 characters.

A printed record must not exceed 132 characters due to the width of the

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Sense Switches

Each time the program is loaded into core it halts to allow checking

of sense switch settings. These settings determine the operation to be

performed. Whenever a change in operations-is desired, setting switch

E will cause this same halt. Turning off E and pressing START will

resume operations. The settings and the operations caused are as

listed.

A - always up. This switch causes the last card read to be sensed.

B - double space output. When this is up all output from tape is double

spaced. This is useful when many incorrect carriage controls are

being processed.

C - listing. Cards may be placed in the card reader and a list printed

as the cards are read.

D - separate output. All punched output from an output tape is selected

into a single stacker. Placing this output in the reader and cards of

a different color in the punch allows this output to be separated by

account. Each time an account card is read it is selected into a

dif-ferent stacker and a blank card is punched in its place in the stacker

with the rest of the output. In this way punched output can be

manu-ally separated to go to the correct user.

E - normal halt. Used as a stop to change operations or correct a

phys-ical condition.

F - input. Whenever this switch is on, cards will be read from the card

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G - output. Whenever this switch is on, the output tape will be

processed. If G is turned off while an output tape is

beingproc-essed, the computer will halt at the end of the current account.

F & G - simultaneous input and output. When both F and G are on, cards

will be written on tape at the same time an output tape is being

processed. All this is done at near-maximum speed.

none - log listing. When no switches are on, the POGO or FLAG cards

will be numbered and listed. This log listing is used by the

7074 operators.

Operating Speeds

When POGINOUT is performing both input and output functions

simultaneously, it operates at nearly the maximum speed of the 1403

printer. Under ideal conditions, the two operations are performed at

the maximum of 600 lines of printed output and 600 cards read per

minute.

There are several conditions which slow this down to an average of

about 565 cards or lines per minute each way. Any forms control other

than single spacing causes a delay in the cycle. This occurs normally

at least once for every new page. More extensive forms movement

takes place under control of the first character of a line. This may be

very time consuming as in the case of a full-page skip. The

skip-after-print controls are buffered so that they take no extra time. This is done

(17)

print instruction. Because no extra processing time is needed, the

write instruction may take place during the 21 ms between the start read

feed instruction and the read instruction as it may when there is no forms

control. When forms control is before the print, the print instruction

may not be placed between the start read feed instruction and the read

instruction. The time for forms control exceeds the 21 ms maximum

allowed.

The reading of a very large block from tape causes a reduction in

processing speed. A single record of 132 characters or fewer can be

completely contained in the basic loop. However, any block composed

of several logical records takes longer. This causes a pause in the

cycle each time a block is read from tape and, hence, reduces speed.

The punching of cards causes a considerable delay in the whole

cycle. Each punch requires 240 ms of machine time. A small amount

of this may be used for processing. In most cases the first part of the

card read time is overlapped onto the last 22 ms of the punch cycle.

Punching occurs both in the card-to-tape operation and the

tape-to-printer/punch operation. Each time a control card is sensed when

read-ing cards it is punched for later use as a log. Various codes and code

words indicate that certain records of the output tape are to be punched

rather than printed.

In case that only the output is being processed (no card-to-tape

oper-ation), speed is increased very little. The only time saved is the time

(18)

omitting it saves very little time on th~ print cycle. However, if the processing of the output tape is omitted, the card-to-tape operation is

speeded up considerably. In this case the basic cycle is 75 ms. Cards

can be processed at the rate of 800 cards per minute maximum.

The punching of control cards cuts this rate a little.

For more explicit timing information see the timing diagrams,

Figs. 2-10.

SECTION II. INFORMATION APPLICABLE TO ANY 1401 SIMULTANEOUS UTILITY PROGRAM FOR

PERIPHERAL TAPE PROCESSING

Carriage Control

Certain characters located in position 1 of a print line cause

speci-fied carriage movement. A digit causes an immediate skip to a specispeci-fied

channel in the 1403 carriage tape. An alphabetic character with a

12-zone causes a skip to a specified channel after the line is printed. An

alphabetic character with an 11-zone causes immediate spacing and one

with a zero-zone causes spacing after the line is printed. The forms

control for each character is shown in Fig. 1.

d Immediate skip to d Skip after print to

1 Channel 1 A Channel 1

2 Channel 2 B Channel 2

3 Channel 3

c

Channel 3

4 Channel 4 D Channel 4

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d Immediate skip to d Skip after print to

6 Channel 6 F Channel 6

7 Channel 7 G Channel 7

8 Channel 8 H Channel 8

9

Channel

9

I Channel

9

0 Channel 10 ? Channel 10

#

Channel

11

Channel

11

@ _{Channel 12} _{Channel 12}

d Immediate space d Mter print-space

J 1 space

I

1 space

K 2 spaces

s

2 spaces

\

L 3 spaces T 3 spaces

Fig. 1. 1401 Carriage control characters.

Timing

General

When attacking the problem of simultaneous input-output processing

on the 1401, it appears that there are two solutions. Without the

process-overlap feature a program cannot be written that will run at maximum

card read speed (800 cards/min) and maximum printer speed (600 cards/

min) simultaneously. One has the choice of 800-535 {cards -lines) or

[image:19.583.72.510.90.442.2]

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as in Fig. 2, three cards per two lin~s. Using this method there are

89 ms available in the cycle for housekeeping or 17. 8 ms per logical

record processed. This housekeeping must include the tape reads and

writes (see Fig. 4 for times). The second one appears to be a better

one since most installations are print bound; not card bound. The second

choice overlaps the print and read cycles as in Fig. 3, one card per one

line. Using this method there are 54 ms available in the cycle for

housekeeping or 27 ms per logical record processed. This method has

considerably more time per logical record processed, 27 ms as

com-pared to 17.8 ms •.

225

ms cycle

-Card read

75

ms

75

ms

..

75

ms

--..

_-

--processor "Frocessor

Processor-Interlocked Interlocked Interlocked

•

• +

100 ms

..

...

l

...

..

-Pnnt

~---~p~r_o_c_e_s_s

__ o_r __ ln __ te __ r_l_o_c_k_e_d _____

~-Fig. 2. Simultaneous card read at 800 cards/ min and print at 535 cards/min.

100 ms cycle

Card read

75

ms

I

Processor interlocked

I

I I /

..

~

100 ms

-

Print

Fig.· 3. Simultaneous card read and print at 600 cards/min and 600

lines/min.

[image:20.599.81.532.366.704.2]

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-800 - 535 (3 cards/2 lines): ..., 17.8 ms/IO 600 - 600 (1 card/1 line): ..., 27 ms/IO

#Char/Record Tape Unit

IBM IBM IBM

7830 729 II 729 IV

tape write

80 9. 00 ms 9. 42 ms 6. 28 ms

tape read

80 11. 70 ms 12.42 ms 7. 98 ms

120 16.40ms 13. 38 ms 8. 62 ms

240 22.40 ms 16. 26 ms 10.54 ms

480 34.40 ms 22.02 ms 14.38 ms

960 58.40 ms 33. 54 ms 22.06 ms

Fig. 4. Comparative timings (in ms processing unit interlocked) of tape read and tape write operations for various length records and three types of tape units.

Card Read Cycle

-21 ms •

-

-Read Start Time

--75 ms

44 ms

Card Reading

(Processor Interlocked)

Fig. 5. Card Read Timing.

--_!Oms __

-

_Processing

_-

--

₍₁₈₎

Time

With the read-punch release feature, 31 ms of the 75 ms cycle may

be used for other processing. The 44 ms of card reading time locks the

processor so that no other instructions may be executed during this time.

Giving a start read feed instruction (SRF) at point A causes the next

[image:21.595.61.516.97.545.2]

(22)

21 ms may then be used for other processing. The read card

instruc-tion (R) must come before point B or a reader stop will occur on the

1402 card reader. Mter the read instruction is given, the processor

will be interlocked for the remainder of the 21 ms plus the 44 ms of

card read time. For example, if the SRF is given at A and the read at

'

B , 5 ms before the point B, the processor will be interlocked from the

point B' to C, a total of 49 ms.

Another consideration in planning the read cycle is the timing of the

clutch points of the 1402 card reader. These are the points in time when

a start read feed may be physically initiated. Any read will interlock

the processor from the time it is encountered, but will not actually

begin to read a card until the next clutch point is reached. Clutchpoints

come regularly at intervals of 75 ms on a standard 1402. With the early

card read feature a clutch point is reached every 25 ms. A start read

feed will become active at the first clutch point immediately after the

instruction is encountered. The asterisks indicate the points at which

the clutch points occur.

Card Punch Cycle

With the punch release feature, 181 ms of the 240 -ms cycle are

interlocked such that no other instructions may be executed. The 37 ms

at the front of the cycle are released for processing by use of the start

punch feed instruction. The use of the start punch feed instruction is

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Card Punch Cycle

--

37

ms

Punch Start Time

I

.

I

240 ms

181 ms Punching

(Processor Interlocked)

Fig.

6.

Card Punch Timing.

I

22 ms ..

Vroces sing

Time

Clutch points occur

60

ms apart in the punch cycle. A start punch feed or a punch instruction without start punch feed does not become

physically effective until the next clutch point is reached. However, a

\

punch instruction interlocks the processor just as a read instructiondoes.

A punch not preceeded by a start punch feed and that is executed 30 ms

before the next clutch point will interlock the processor for a total of

248 ms.

Print Cycle

100 ms

-

.

2

.... m .. :: _{82 ms}

I

_J

₆

_ms_{_}_{_.,}

Print Storage Interlocked

_I

--

98 ms

...

+

._

Process Time

Processor

-

20 ms

_...

Interlocked

F'orms Movement

[image:23.595.82.530.171.323.2] [image:23.595.84.524.539.706.2]

(24)

Normally the processor is interlo_cked during 84 ms of the 100 ms cycle. However, with the print storage feature, the processor is

inter-locked for only 2 ms. This is the time during which the print line is

transferred into a special print storage area. The 98 ms at the end is

free for any instruction except another print instruction. This would

lock up the processor until the entire cycle was completed.

A total of 20 ms at the end of the cycle is used to move the printer

carriage one line in order to be ready for the next line. Any extra

after-print forms movement is added on to the end but the processor

remains available except for a print instruction. A

branch-on-carriage-busy instruction must be executed to test for the completion of the forms

movement. Any before -print forms movements occur before the cycle

starts.

Each additional space of forms movement requires an added 5 ms up

to and including seven extra spaces. Each extra space over seven

requires an additional 2. 3 ms for models B, C, D. Model A requires

5 ms for each space after the first.

There are no clutch points associated with the print cycle. A print

instruction is executed as soon as it is encountered provided the

previ-ous print and forms movement is completed.

IBM 729 Magnetic Tape Timings

Detailed information is given below for a 729 II used for the tape

write operation and a 729 IV used for the tape read operation. The

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concerning the 729 II read time, 729 IV write time and IBM 7330 timings is included in diagram form, accompanying the diagrams of the 729 II write and the 729 IV read.

729 II Tape Write Timing

A 729 II write operation interlocks the processor during the start time and the actual record-write time. Record-write time can be com-puted as equal to • 024 N ms where N equals the number of characters to be written. The tape adapter unit (TAU) is interlocked for an addi-tiona! 4. 2 ms. No tape instruction may be given during this time. An

'

error test given during the 4. 2 ms will interlock the processor until the record check time is completed. However, it is available for other processing.

729 IV Tape Read Timing

The processor is interlocked on this operation during the start time and the record-read time. The tape adapter unit (TAU) is interlocked for an additional 0. 1 ms. A tape or error check instruction given dur-ing this time will not be executed until the time is completed. The remaining 2. 0 ms, the stop time, is available for normal processing.

(26)

Read Operation Start

.

1--I~

Time 10.5ms

Record T-ime

Tape Adapter Unit Interlocked

~-s

10. 7

+

CN ms

Available

2. 1 ms Processing Unit Interlocked

~~

Stop Time

... 1 . .

•1

2. 1 ms

.. I

Processing Time

... 1.+ ..

1

10. 5

+

CN ms

Record Check Time

~

f.-Can Test Tape· 2 ms. Error Indicator

Tape Adapt~f Unit Interlocked

11.

+

.CN m·s

Available Processing Time

5. 1 ms

Proces sinijsUnit Interlocked

... 1.

+ ...

1

7. 5

+

CN ms

Record Check Time

I

~

..,,

4. 2 ms!

Can Test Tape ~

Error Indicator

[image:26.600.61.544.82.539.2]

(27)

Read Operation

Start

1 ...

I~

Time

6.7ms

•I•

Write Operation Start

Time,..~

5 ms

Record Time

cJ!ms

Stop Time

.. , ... 1

z.

1 ms

55 •I

6.

8 +

CN m-s _Available

2. 1 ms

Processing Unit Interlocked 5~

Processing Time

--1--'-i

6.

7

+

CN

ms

Record Time

CN ms

Record Check Time

--..j

j.-.1ms~

Can Test Tape Error Indicator

Stop

~~im~

3. 8ms

Tape Adapter ¥fit Interlocked

7.8+CNm-s _{Available Processing Time}

3. 8 ms

Processing Unit Interlocked

s~ 5 + CN·ms

Record Check Time

r----1

Can Test Tape 2 • 8mJ Error Indicator

[image:27.593.71.532.190.567.2]

(28)

Read Operation

Start Record Time Stop

1 . .

Time

·I·

ss

--I

14

Time

10. 3 ms CN ms

• 4ms 9. 8 ms

~I

I _

~-~-~---45~~---~.~

20. 5

+

CN ms _{Available Processing Time}

-

~

I~

Processing Unit Interlocked

5~

_-

~

10. 1 ms

Write Operation

Start

10.4

+

CN ms

Record Time

....

, ... 1--T_i_m_e~_. . . . , .... .._ _ _ _ _ ~ss ~

,

...

5 ms CN ms

. 3m Can Test Tape

8. 7 ms

Error Indicator

Stop Time

6. 6

ms

I

-4 Tape Adapte; Unit Interlocked

~-~

..

---4s~,---~---~-~

20. 3

+

CN ms •

Available Processing Time

_..

-

15.3ms

-I

~ Processing Unit Interlocked _

~--~----~---~5~~~~--

..

~-~---~,.~

5

+

CN ms 8. 7ms

_~

Can Test Tape Error Indicator

[image:28.599.84.545.70.637.2]

(29)

The start time is the time necessary for the tape unit to accelerate

to operating speed, Stop time is the time necessary for the tape to

decelerate and stop. Record check time is the time necessary to read

or write the check character. N is the number of characters in a record,

and C is the character rate of transfer in milliseconds. This is based

on the density at which the tape is being operated.

Figure 11 shows the character rate, C, of the different units at

either density.

729 II at 200 cpi

₌

• 067 ms at 556 cpi

₌

. 024 ms 729 IV at 200 cpi

₌

. 044 ms at 556 cpi

₌

. 016 ms 7330 at 200 cpi

₌

• 139 ms at 556 cpi

₌

. 050 ms

Fig. 11. Character rate, C, for tape operations.

Discussion of Possibilities

While POGINOUT is written specifically to be used with the POGO

and FLAG systems in use at the I. S. U. Computation Center, the idea

behind the program could be readily used in a variety of situations.

There is one basic section of the program which controls all the

other sections. The other sections are particular in that they have to do

with options found on the POGO or FLAG systems. The main 100-ms

(30)

1. Read a card 2. Write it on tape 3. Read a tape record

4. Start read feed for next card 5. Print the tape record

Back to the top

The following diagram illustrates the timing of this loop.

Diagram for Discussion of Possibilities: lOOms

1 2 3 4

5

Fig. 12. Timing of the basic loop.

This order is followed if both the card-to-tape and the tape to printer operations are being done. If the end of a tape or the last card is reached, the other part of the operation continues until it, too, is finished.

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