Iowa State University Patents
Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.
4-23-1996
Magnetostrictive vibration generation system
Alison B. Flatau
Iowa State University
David Hall
Iowa State University
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Recommended Citation
Magnetostrictive vibration generation system
Abstract
A shaker with a Terfenol-D rod actuator includes a mass coupled to both ends of the rod through a spring seat,
a spring seat/adjuster and a spring washer. The actuator is mounted inside a cylindrical coil, which in turn is
mounted inside a cylindrical permanent magnet, which in turn is mounted inside a cylindrical housing. An
electrical drive system provides a predetermined excitation signal to the coil to cause the rod to vibrate under
the influence of the magnetic field generated by the coil. One embodiment features a vibrating mass on one
end of the rod. An implantable shaker includes a seal to leak-proof the shaker and a coating of Biomer™. The
implantable shaker can be implanted in an animal to test tissue response to certain vibrations. According to
another embodiment, the Terfenol-D rod actuator is held in place on one end with a pre-stress adjusting
screw, which is threaded into the end of the housing and fixed in place with a jam nut. In all embodiments, a
spring base is seated on one end of the rod actuator and forms an annular coaxial air gap between it and a
spring seat, so that the air gap remains constant when the rod actuator vibrates and the spring base moves
coaxially with respect to the spring seat.
Keywords
aerospace engineering
Disciplines
Aerospace Engineering | Engineering | Mechanical Engineering
United States Patent [191
Flatau et al.
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USOO551066OA
[11]
Patent Number:
[45]
Date of Patent:
5,510,660
Apr. 23, 1996
[54] MAGNETOSTRICTIVE VIBRATION
GENERATION SYSTEM
[75] Inventors: Alison Flatau; David Hall, both of Ames, Iowa
[73] Assignee: Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc., Ames, Iowa
[21] Appl. N0.: 269,678
[22] Filed: Jul. 1, 1994
Related US. Application Data
[63] Continuation of Ser. No. 901,534, Jun. 19, 1992, Pat. No.
5,406,153.
[51] Int. 01.6 ... .. H01L 41/12
[52] US. Cl. 310/26
[58] Field of Search ... .. 310/26; 318/118;
335/215
[56] References Cited
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
4,749,891 6/1988 Sheng ... .. 310/15 5,184,037 2/1993 Kobayashi et a1. ... .. 310/26
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
Conference Proceedings, UDT 1991 Conference & Exhibi
tion, Apr. 23-25, 1991, pp. 1059-1065, “Design of Lan thanide Magnetostrictive Sonar Projectors”, Clayssen et al.
ABB Seatech AS brochures entitled “Low-Frequency
Transducers Based on Terfenol”. 4 pages (undated).
Magespro S. A. borchure entitled “Underwater Loudspeaker for Leisure Sport and for Professionals”. 1 page (undated).
“Magnetorestrictive Actuatores”, Edge Technologies,
Etrema Products Division (undated).
Sketch of Terfenol-D Vibrator Construction produced by
Edge Technologies, Inc., Ames, IA, drawn on Jan. 19, 1994. “Terfenold-D Notes”, vol. 4, No. l, p. 4, Edge Technologies,
Jan. 1991.
Butler, 1. L., “Application Manual for the Design of Etrema
Terfenol-D Magnestostrictive Transducers,” Etrema Divi sion, Edge Technologies, Inc., 1988 month unknown.
Harris, C. M., Shock and Vibration Handb00k,third edition,
pp. 25-1 to 25-26, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1988
month unknown.
Hiller M. W., Bryant, M. D., and Umegaki, 1., “Attenuation
and Transformation of Vibration Through Active Control of
Magnestotrictive Terfenol,” Journal of Sound and Vibration,
vol. 134, No. 3, pp. 507-519, 1989 month unknown. Jiles, D. C., “Development and Characterization of Ter fenol-D for Use in Sensors and Actuators,” New Materials
and Their Applicati0ns,edited by D. Holland, Institute of Physics, London, p. 365, 1990 month unknown.
Miller, C. G., “High Force, High Strain, Wide Bandwidth Linear Actuators Using the Magnetostrictive Material Ter
(List continued on next page.)
Primary Examiner-—Steven L. Stephan
Assistant Examiner-Judson H. Jones
Attorney, Agent, or F irm—Schwegman, Lundberg & Woess—
ner
[57] ABSTRACT
A shaker with a Terfenol-D rod actuator includes a mass
coupled to both ends of the rod through'a spring seat, a spring seat/adjuster and a spring washer. The actuator is
mounted inside a cylindrical coil, which in turn is mounted inside a cylindrical permanent magnet, which in turn is
mounted inside a cylindrical housing. An electrical drive system provides a predetermined excitation signal to the coil
to cause the rod to vibrate under the in?uence of the
magnetic ?eld generated by the coil. One embodiment
features a vibrating mass on one end of the rod. An implant
able shaker includes a seal to leak-proof the shaker and a
coating of BiomerTM. The implantable shaker can be
implanted in an animal to test tissue response to certain
vibrations. According to another embodiment, the Ter
fenol-D rod actuator is held in place on one end with a pre-stress adjusting screw, which is threaded into the end of
the housing and ?xed in place with a jam nut. In all
embodiments, a spring base is seated on one end of the rod actuator and forms an annular coaxial air gap between it and a spring seat, so that the air gap remains constant when the rod actuator vibrates and the spring base moves coaxially with respect to the spring seat.
18 Claims, 21 Drawing Sheets
5,510,660
Page 2
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
fenol-D”, Proceedings of the Conference on Recent
Advances in Active Control of Sound and Vlbrati0n,Tech
nomic Publishing Co., Inc., Lancaster, Pa., 1991 month
unknown.
Verhoeven, l. D., Gibbons, E. D., McMasters, O. D., and
Ostenson, J. E., “Directional solidi?cation and Heat Treat
ment of Terfenol-D Magnetorestrictive Materials,” Metals Transactiomvol, 21A, p. 2249, 1990 month unknown.
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 1 of 21
5,510,660
I .
11 1
FIG. 3
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 2 of 21
5,510,660
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 6 of 21
5,510,660
34
FIG. l3
4;
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Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 7 of 21
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US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 9 of 21
5,510,660
FIG. I8
I
/
5|
59
30
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 11 of 21
5,510,660
VOLT / AMP
/ LIN
2K / DIV
IMPEDANCE
360 _
5O “
/ DIV I
0 ' I I 1 I I I I I
0 --— HERE —— 20K
Ch=3/1 XFER m V / VOLT = 1
V XDUC IN / l XDUCER
f: 15.1KHz
y: 319.5VOLT / AMP
FIG. 20A
VOLTS
/ UN
2K / DIV
COHERENCE
1
100m I
/ DIV -
0 -— HERTZ —- 20K
Ch=3/1 COH .
\/ XDUC 1N / l XDUCER
f: 25Hz
y: 998m
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 12 of 21
5,510,660
FIG. 2|
I
33
26
VOLTAGE
H6, “1 SOURCE
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 13 0f 21
5,510,660
OOOON
»
NN
d: _
ooomp 0000p 000m
?vzzm II
.: KN
.ESE 512m 1!.
_ __ N __
I 03
.8581;
1.00m
U.S. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 14 of 21
5,510,660
dB EU OdB= 1
/ dB
180 :
PHASE
6
201
MAGNITUDE
I
|_E
8%
II III'II1I] I l I IIITI
100 ’ ~i- HERIZ —— 10K
Ch=2/ 3 XFER b V/ g= 0.0407 AXDUCER / V XDUC IN
f: 3.46875KHz
y: 6.531d8
y: —6.061 DEGREES
FIG. 23A
VOLT‘S
/ LIN
‘I /a_/—
100m:
‘ /DIV ~
0 I I I I I I II] I I I I I I II
100 —— HERTZ —- 10K
Ch=2 / 3 COH
A XDUCER / V XDUC IN
I: 118.75Hz
y: 922.3m
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 16 of 21
5,510,660
FIG. 29B
FIG. 30A
FIG. 30B
US. Patent
' Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 17 of 21
5,510,660
d8 EU 0dB=
2.457002/ dB
I |||I|Iu I IIIIIII
100
—-—HERTZ--
10K
cn=2/ ASPECu
v/ g= 0.0407 A XDUCER /v
nu: Ch=2/
o
v/
g= 0.0407 A xoucm /
f: 262.5Hz
y: -15.6dB
RMS: 2.347589
dy: -4._155
y: -11.44dB
RMS: 2.248139
FIG. 31A
9
UN
10m / DIV
SHAKER
24.57_
5 I
/DlV "
I I I I I I I I
-31.99m --- SECONDS -—- 47.97m
Ch=2/ TlMEi V/
g=O.407
AXDUCER/
t: 3.789064-1mS
y: 12.019
US. Patent
Apr. 23, 1996
Sheet 18 of 21
5,510,660
dB EU 0dB=
2.457002/ dB
10 _
/ DIV -
I IIIIIIII I IIIIIII
100 —— HER'IZ —— 10K
Ch=2/ ASPECQ
V/ g= 0.0407
A XDUCER
FILE Ch=
0
V/
g= 0.0407
A XDUCER
f: 262.5Hz
y: —15.9dB
RMS: 2.630159
dy: —4.155 >
y: —11.44dB
RMS: 2.248139
FIG. 32A
9
UN
10m / DIV
SHAKER
24.57_
5 I
/DIV —
I I I I I -l | I
-31.99m —— SECONDS —— 47.97m
Ch=2l TlMEi v/
g=0.407
AXDUCER/
t: 8.1640641mS
y: 12.44g
